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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (5)
  • Fertilizer N  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative significance of soil and nitrogenous fertilizer in nitrogen nutrition and growth of wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1991)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 11 (1991), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Added N interaction ; Fertilizer N ; 15N Oryza sativa ; Soil N ; Wetland rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A pot experiment was conducted to compare the yields from five commercially cultivated varieties (Bas-198, Bas-370, Bas-Pak, Bas-385, and IR-6) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and to establish the relative significance of soil N and fertilizer N (15N-labelled ammonium sulphate) in affecting crop performance. Another aim was to study the interaction of fertilizer N and soil N as influenced by different rice varieties. Among the five varieties tested, Bas-Pak gave the maximum dry matter and N yield. The N-use efficiency (percentage of applied N taken up by the plants) of different varieties ranged between 33.7 and 43.7%, Bas-Pak being the most efficient. Significant losses of fertilizer N occurred from the soil-plant system. The maximum N loss (52.1% of applied N) was observed with IR-6 and the minimum loss (39.2%) with Bas-Pak. A substantial increase in the uptake of soil N following the application of fertilizer and an interaction between the two N sources were observed with all varieties except Bas-385. The interaction was attributed to greater root proliferation following the application of fertilizer. It was concluded that a varietey with greater potential to use soil N is likely to give a better yield and that, of the two N sources, the availability of soil N was more important in determining the yield performance of different varieties of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335836
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Availability of soil and fertilizer nitrogen to wetland rice following wheat straw amendment (1991)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 11 (1991), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Added N interaction ; Fertilizer N ; 15N ; Organic amendment ; Oryza sativa ; Wetland rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A pot experiment was conducted to study the availability of soil and fertilizer N to wetland rice as influenced by wheat straw amendment (organic amendment) and to establish the relative significance of the two sources in affecting crop yield. Straw was incorporated in soil at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% before transplanting rice. Inorganic N as 15N-ammonium sulphate was applied at 30, 60, and 90 μg g-1 soil either alone or together with wheat straw in different combinations. After harvesting the rice, the plant and soil samples were analyzed for total N and 15N. Straw incorporation significantly decreased the dry matter and N yield of rice, the decrease being greater with higher rates of straw. The reduction in crop yield following the straw incorporation was attributed mainly to a decrease in the uptake of soil N rather than fertilizer N. The harmful effects of organic matter amendment were mitigated by higher levels of mineral N addition. The uptake of applied N increased and its losses decreased due to the straw incorporation. Mineral N applied alone or together with organic amendment substantially increased the uptake of unlabelled soil N. The increase was attributed to a real added N interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336371
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fate and interaction with native soil N of ammonium N applied to wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under saline and non-saline conditions (1992)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 13 (1992), S. 102-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Added N interaction ; Fertilizer N ; 15N-Oryza sativa ; Priming effect ; Saline soil conditions ; Wetland rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of salts on the balance of fertilizer N applied as 15N-labelled ammonium sulphate and its interaction with native soil N was studied in a pot experiment using rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a test crop. The rice crop used 26%–40% of the applied N, the level of applied N and salts showing no significant bearing on the uptake of fertilizer N. Losses of fertilizer N ranged between 54% and 68% and only 5%–8% of the N was immobilized in soil organic matter. Neither the salts nor the rate of N application had any significant effect on fertilizer N immobilization. The effective use of fertilizer N (fertilizer N in grain/fertilizer N in whole plant) was, however, better in the non-saline soil. The uptake of unlabelled N (N mineralized from soil organic matter and that originating from biological N2 fixation in thes rhizosphere) was inhibited in the presence of the salts. However, in fertilized soil, the uptake of unlabelled N was significantly enhanced, leading to increased A values [(1-% Ndff/% Ndff)x N fertilizer applied, where Ndff is N derived from fertilizer], an index of interaction with the added N. This added N interaction increased with increasing levels of added N. Since the extra unlabelled N taken up by fertilized plants was greater than the fertilizer N immobilized, and the root biomass increased with increasing levels of added N, a greater part of the added N interaction was considered to be real, any contribution by an apparent N interaction (pool substitution or isotopic displacement) to the total calculated N interaction being fairly small. Under saline conditions, for the same level of fertilizer N addition, the added N interaction was lower, and this was attributed to a lower level of microbial activity, including mineralization of native soil N, rootdriven immobilization of applied N, and N2 fixation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337343
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformations in soil and availability to plants of15N applied as inorganic fertilizer and legume residues (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 86 (1985), S. 3-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Fertilizer N ; Humus components ; Immobilization-remineralization of N ; Microbial biomass ; N transformations ; N uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A pot experiment was conducted to study the transformations of organic and inorganic N in soil and its availability to maize plants. Inorganic N was in the form of15N labelled ammonium sulphate (As) and15N labelledSesbania aculeata (Sa), a legume, was used as organic N source. Plants utilized 20% of the N applied as As; presence of Sa reduced the uptake to 14%. Only 5% of the Sa-N was taken up by the plants and As had no effect on the availability of N from Sa. Losses of N from As were found to be 40% which were reduced to 20% in presence of Sa. Losses of N were also observed from Sa which increased in the presence of As. Application of As had no effect on the availability of soil or Sa-N. However, more As-N was transported into microbial biomass and humus components in the presence of Sa. Plants derived almost equal amounts of N from different sourcesi.e., soil, Sa and As. However, more As-N was transported into the shoots whereas the major portion of nitrogen in the roots was derived from Sa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185020
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of14C labelled plant components in soil in relation to immobilization and remineralization of15N fertilizer (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 86 (1985), S. 15-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: C transformation ; Fertilizer N ; Humic components ; Hydrolysable C ; Hydrolysable N ; Immobilization-remineralization of N ; Microbial biomass ; N transformations ; Stabilization of C and N
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Uniformly14C labelled glucose, cellulose and wheat straw and specifically14C labelled lignin component in corn stalks were aerobically incubated for 12 weeks in a chernozem soil alongwith15N labelled ammonium sulphate. Glucose was most readily decomposed, followed in order by cellulose, wheat straw and corn stalk lignins labelled at methoxyl-, side chain 2-and ring-C. More than 50% of14C applied as glucose, cellulose and wheat straw evolved as CO2 during the first week. Lignin however, decomposed relatively slowly. A higher proportion of14C was transformed into microbial biomass whereas lignins contributed a little to this fraction. After 12 weeks of incubation nearly 60% of the lignin14C was found in humic compounds of which more than 70% was resistant to hydrolysis with 6N HCl. Maximum incorporation of15N in humic compounds was observed in cellulose amended soil. However, in this case more than 80% of the15N was in hydrolysable forms. Immobilization-remineralization of applied15N was most rapid in glucose treated soil and a complete immobilization followed by remineralization was observed after 3 days. The process was much slow in soil treated with cellulose, wheat straw or corn stalks. More than 70% of the newly immobilized N was in hydrolysable forms mainly reepresenting the microbial component. Serial hydrolysis of soil at different incubation intervals showed a greater proportion of 6N HCl hydrolysable14C and15N in fractions representing microbial material.14C from lignin carbons was relatively more uniformly distributed in different fractions as compared to glucose, cellulose and wheat straw where a major portion of14C was in easily hydrolysable fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185021
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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