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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (20)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (12)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (8)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (20)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photophysical properties of N-acylated linear polyethylenimine and dehydroalanine main-chain polymers containing carbazole or pyrene groups in side chains (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 2275-2292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A comparison of the UV absorption spectra of a carbazole-substituted N-acylated linear polyethylenimine (PEI) (5, 6) with its monomer (1, 2) and dimer (3, 4) model compounds shows the presence of local conformational order of the carbazole groups in 3, 5, and 6 since these compounds exhibit hypochromism. The UV absorption spectra of carbazole-substituted N-acrylated dehydroalanine main-chain polymer (PDA) (12, 13) and monomer (10, 11) model compounds indicate that the extent of local conformational order of the carbazole groups is reduced in 12 and 13 compared to that in 5 and 6. The UV absorption spectra of a pyrene-substituted PEI (9) and PDA (15) and those of their monomer model compounds (7, 14) indicate that the extent of local conformational order of the pyrene groups is greater in 9 than in 15 and furthermore the pyrene-substituted polymers (9, 15) show more local conformational order than analogous carbazole-substituted polymers (5, 12). The emission spectra of 5 and 12 show carbazole monomer emission, while those of 9 and 15 are dominated by pyrene excimer emission. The formation of excimer emission is more efficient in 9 than in 15. Fluorescence lifetime measurements indicate interactions of excited carbazole groups in 5 and 13 but not in 12. The quenching of carbazole fluorescence by dimethyl terephthalate is more efficient in 5 than that in 12, indicating more efficient transfer of electronic energy in 5. These measurements show that the PEI main-chain polymers are conducive to interactions of the pendant groups.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.090241011
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and location of amphiregulin and Cripto-1 expression in the developing postnatal mouse mammary gland (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 41 (1995), S. 277-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: EGF-like ligands ; Postnatal development ; RT-PCR ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunoblotting ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Amphiregulin (Ar) and Cripto-1 (Cr-1) are growth promoting peptides that share amino acid sequence homology with epidermal growth factor (EGF). The present study examined Ar and Cr-1 mRNA and protein expression during various stages of C57BL/6 mouse mammary morphogenesis. Reverse transciption-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect transcripts for Ar and Cr-1 at all stages of mammary development. Immunocytochemical (ICC) localization demonstrated that in virgin 4-week to mature 12-week-old mouse fourth inguinal mammary gland, Ar and Cr-1 are expressed in the stromal cells, luminal epithelial cells, and myoepithelial cells of the branching ducts. Ar, and to lesser extent Cr-1, were also found in the epithelial cap cells and in the luminal epithelial cells of the advancing terminal end bud (TEB) from virgin 4-week and 6-week-old mice. Western blot analysis demonstrated that both Ar (28 and 26 kDa) and Cr-1 (90, 67, 56, and 21 kDa) proteins are expressed in virgin, 13.5 day midpregnant and in the 14 day lactating mammary gland. In addition, Ar and Cr-1 are associated with developing alveolar structures as determined by ICC. These results imply that together with EGF and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), Ar and Cr-1 may play salient roles as modifiers in the morphogenesis and differentiation of the mammary gland. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080410302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrolysis of polycarbonate to yield BPA (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 1777-1786 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Elevated temperatures and high humidity decrease the molecular weight and impact strength of polycarbonate. Hydrolysis of injection molded polycarbonate (PC) bars stored in glass containers at 85°C and 96% relative humidity (RH) produced brown surface crystals within 30 days. Aging of PC bars at 96% RH and temperatures of 70°C and lower for longer periods of time formed a brown liquid coating on the PC. X-ray, DSC, and GPC measurements indicated that about 70 wt% of the surface crystals were bisphenol A (BPA). The remaining portion of hydrolysis products appeared to be higher molecular weight oligomers of BPA. The brown liquid was composed of supercooled liquid BPA, BPA oligomers, and water. Initial growth of BPA on the surface of a PC bar took place at the interface between the PC and the glass wall of the container. Apparently a water soluble extract from the glass container accelerated the hydrolytic degradation of PC; nevertheless, hydrolysis of PC occurred in the absence of glass - although at a slower rate. Hydrolysis studies were carried out on several commercial PC formulations. The PC resin containing only a heat stabilizer was least affected. Of the fiame retardant grades, the brominated PC hydrolyzed less rapidly than these particular compositions containing alkali metal sulfonic acid salts. A glass fiber reinforced PC was less stable than its unfilled parent compound. A hydrolytic stabilizer was ineffective against the attack of water under these conditions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260603
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colony formation in agar by adult bone marrow multipotential hemopoietic cells (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 103 (1980), S. 371-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Erythroid colony formation in agar cultures of CBA bone marrow cells was stimulated by the addition of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen conditioned medium (SCM). Optimal colony numbers were obtained when cultures contained 20% fetal calf serum and concentrated spleen conditioned medium. By 7 days of incubation, large burst or unicentric erythroid colonies occurred at a maximum frequency of 40-50 per 105 bone marrow cells. In CBA mice the cells forming erythroid colonies were also present in the spleen, peripheral blood, and within individual spleen colonies. A marked strain variation was noted with CBA mice having the highest levels of erythroid colony-forming cells.In CBA mice erythroid colony-forming cells were mainly non-cycling (12.5% reduction in colony numbers after incubation with hydroxyurea or 3H-thymidine). Erythroid colony-forming cells sedimented with a peak of 4.5 mm/hr, compared with CFU-S, which sedimented at 4.25 mm/hr. The addition of erythropoietin (up to 4 units) to cultures containing SCM did not alter the number or degree of hemoglobinisation of erythroid colonies.Analysis of the total number of erythroid colony-forming cells and CFU-S in 90 individual spleen colonies gave a correlation coefficient of r = 0.93 for these two cell types.In addition to benzidine-positive erythroid cells, up to 40% of the colonies contained, in addition, varying proportions of neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, and megakaryocytes. Taken together with the close correlation between the numbers of CFU-S in different adult hemopoietic tissues, including individual spleen colonies, the data indicate that the erythroid colony-forming cells expressing multiple hemopoietic differentiation are members of the hemopoietic multipotential stem cell compartment.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041030302
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell responses to biomaterials I: Adhesion and growth of vascular endothelial cells on poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) following surface modification by hydrolytic etching (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 21 (1987), S. 921-935 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Hydrogels of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (polyHEMA) homopolymer do not normally support the attachment and growth of mammalian cells. By altering the surface it has been possible to dramatically change this cell-substratum interaction so that vascular endothelial cells can attach and completely populate a poly HEMA surface. While this can be achieved by copolymerisation of polyHEMA with methacrylic acid or diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, it is most conveniently achieved by brief treatment of polyHEMA hydrogel with concentrated sulphuric acid. The resultant creation of surface - COOH groups, revealed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, is consistent with the hydrolytic formation of methacrylic acid on the surface layer. Surface - COOH groups created by treatment with chloric or hydrofluoric acids were not effective. Following sulfuric acid treatment, cell adhesion and growth on polyHEMA hydrogel were better than on Teflon and approached those attained on glow-discharge-treated polystyrene. The capacity of acid-treated polyHEMA to adsorb albumin or fibronectin was of the order of 100-fold or 10-fold lower respectively than either polystyrene, Teflon, or segmented polyurethane. Hydrolytic “etching” in this way is proposed as an efficient means of expanding the use of polyHEMA hydrogel as a biomaterial without modifying the overall physicochemical properties of the bulk of the material.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820210708
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface topography can interfere with epithelial tissue migration (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 42 (1998), S. 245-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: epithelium ; migration ; topography ; porosity ; corneal epithelium ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Corneal epithelial tissue migration over the surface of a synthetic polymer can be inhibited by pores in the substrate. The effects of this substrate topography upon epithelial tissue migration were studied in vitro. Membranes of different porosities and structures were used to provide two series of surfaces having a graded increase in discontinuities: cellulose nitrate/acetate membranes with a tortuous network of pores, and track-etched polycarbonate membranes with columnar pores. Corneal epithelial tissue outgrowth was inhibited by increased pore size, and for both series of membranes, outgrowth was completely halted on membranes with mean diameter of the pores 0.9 μm at the pore densities measured. On the track-etched membranes with pores of 〈0.9 μm diameter, tissue outgrowth could be partially “rescued” by coating with fibronectin or collagen, but above this size, the inhibition predominated. The effect of porosity of the track-etched membranes upon the migration of dissociated epithelial cells was also examined. Although migration of these cells was reduced on membranes having pore sizes larger than 0.9 μm, it was not completely inhibited even on membranes of 2.3-μm pore diameter. Therefore, tissue movement of adult stratified epithelium may be inhibited by specific surface topographies, and in this assay system, epithelial tissue outgrowth was more affected than was the migration of dissociated epithelial cells. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 42, 245-257, 1998.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production by spleen and lymph node cells of conditioned medium with erythroid and other hemopoietic colony-stimulating activityThis work was supported by the Carden Fellowship Fund of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, the National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra and the National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, Contract NOI-CB-74148. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 96 (1978), S. 31-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Pokeweed mitogen-stimulated suspension cultures of mouse spleen cells produced conditioned medium able to stimulate granulocyte-macrophage, eosinophil and megakaryocyte colony formation in agar cultures of C57BL marrow cells and granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid colony formation in agar cultures of CBA fetal liver cells. Medium conditioned by other mouse tissues stimulated only granulocyte-macrophage colony formation and this activity was not increased by the addition of pokeweed mitogen. Spleen cells stimulated by mixed leucocyte culture or concanavalin-A had a weak capacity to stimulate erythroid colony formation.Production of the factors stimulating the four types of hemopoiesis was T-lymphocyte dependent and nu/nu spleen cells were inactive. Factor production was also dependent on adherent cells but evidence from rat-mouse combinations suggested that the T-lymphocytes actually produced the active factors.Production of the four types of colony stimulating factors was radiosensitive (D0120-238 rads) and spleen cell populations of lighter buoyant density than 1.075 g/cm3 and sedimenting at 3.5-5.0 mm/hour were able to produce active conditioned media. Fractionation experiments failed to segregate spleen populations able to produce only one of the four stimulating factors.Production of factors stimulating hemopoiesis by mitogen-stimulated lymphoid populations could be a process contributing to the control of hemopoiesis in vivo.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040960105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting the generation of mast cells from multipotential colony-forming cells (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 121 (1984), S. 167-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The cells responsible for the long-term in vitro generation of murine mast cells have been examined. Sequential analysis of all colony types obtained from cultures of spleen or bone marrow cells showed that only colonies derived from multipotential cells (mixed-erythroid colonies) or mast cell progenitors, contained cells responsible for mast cell generation in liquid cultures. Primary colony growth and subsequent maintenance of mast cells in liquid cultures was dependent upon pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell-conditioned medium (SCM). Mixed-erythroid colonies from 14-day cultures of spleen cells had the greatest capacity for mast cell generation. Analysis by clone splitting and transfer to high (20%) and low (2.5%) concentrations of SCM showed that the concentration of SCM used in either the primary colony culture or subsequent liquid culture phase altered both the proliferative capacity of the mast cells generated and the frequency of mast cell progenitors within individual mixed-erythroid colonies. Thus, mixed-erythroid colonies stimulated with 2.5% SCM contained the highest proportion of mast cell progenitors (34% of colonies) and when stimulated with 20% SCM, approximately fourfold higher numbers of mast cells were produced at weekly intervals from liquid cultures maintained in 2.5% SCM compared to parallel liquid cultures containing 20% SCM. These studies confirm the hemopoietic origin of mast cells and demonstrate that a factor(s) in SCM is able to modulate their proliferative potential.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041210121
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature of cells forming erythroid colonies in agar after stimulation by spleen conditioned mediumThis work was supported by the Carden Fellowship Fund of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, The National Health and Medical Research Council, Camberra and the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Contract NOI-CB-33854. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 94 (1978), S. 243-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Erythroid colony formation in agar cultures of CBA cells was stimulated by the addition of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated C57BL spleen conditioned medium. Both 48-hour colonies (“48-hour benzidine-positive aggregates”) and day 7 large burst or unicentric erythroid colonies (“erythroid colonies”) developed, together with many neutrophil and/or macrophage colonies.In CBA mice, the cells forming erythroid colonies occurred with maximum frequency (650/105 cells) in 10- to 11-day-old yolk sac and fetal liver but were present also in fetal blood, spleen and bone marrow. The frequency of these cells fell sharply with increasing age and only occasional cells (2/105 cells) were present in adult marrow. A marked strain variation was noted, CBA mice having the highest levels of erythroid colony-forming cells.The erythroid colony-forming cells in 12-day CBA fetal liver were radiosensitive (Do 110-125 rads), mainly in cycle and were non-adherent, light density, cells sedimenting with a peak velocity of 6-9 mm/hr. These properties are similar to those of other hemopoietic progenitor cells in fetal tissues. The relationship of these apparently erythropoietin-independent erythroid colony-forming cells to those forming similar colonies after stimulation by erythropoietin remains to be determined.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040940302
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between purified GM-CSF, purified erythropoietin and spleen conditioned medium on hempoietic colony formation in vitroThis work was supported by the Carden Fellowship Fund of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, the National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra and the National Cancer Institute, Washington, Contract No. NOIC74148. (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 99 (1979), S. 159-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Preincubation of C57BL adult marrow cells or CBA fetal liver cells with a 250-fold excess concentration of purified GM-CSF failed to reduce the frequency of cells forming eosinophil, megakaryocyte or erythroid colonies in subsequent agar cultures. When excess concentrations of purified GM-CSF were added to agar cultures stimulated by pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen conditioned medium (SCM), no reduction was observed in the frequency of eosinophil, megakaryocyte or erythroid colonies. Addition of 4 units of purified erythropoietin (EPO) to cultures of fetal liver or adult marrow cells stimulated by SCM increased the number of erythroid colonies but did not reduce the number of non-erythroid colonies or the non-erythroid content of mixed erythroid colonies.Although neither GM-CSF nor EPO alone was able to stimulate erythroid colony formation in agar cultures of fetal liver cells, small numbers of large erythroid colonies were stimulated to develop in cultures containing both purified regulators. Purified GM-CSF was also able to support the survival in vitro of a small proportion of erythroid colony-forming cells in fetal liver populations cultured initially in the absence of SCM and the survival of some eosinophil and megakaryocyte colony-forming cells in similar cultures of adult marrow cells.The results do not support the hypothesis that GM-CSF and EPO compete for a common pool of uncommitted progenitor cells. On the contrary, the data indicate that GM-CSF and EPO are able to collaborate in stimulating the proliferation of some erythropoietic cells. Furthermore, purified GM-CSF appears to be able to support temporarily the survival and/or initial proliferation of at least some cells forming erythroid, eosinophil and megakaryocyte colonies, even though GM-CSF is unable to stimulate the formation of colonies of these types.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040990202
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