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  • Electronic Resource  (11)
  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1993  (11)
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  • Electronic Resource  (11)
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  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1960-1964
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 7431-7437 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analysis of the micromagnetic structure of domains and domain walls in Co/Pt multilayer films is reported. Magneto-optically written domains have been imaged in a scanning transmission electron microscope by using the modified differential phase contrast mode of Lorentz electron microscopy. These have been compared with computer-simulated images based on a two-dimensional model of a circular, perpendicular magnetized domain with a Bloch-like wall structure. Agreement is found for the domain and stray field contrast, but the absence of wall contrast in the experimental images indicates a more complex wall structure in the multilayer than was assumed by the model. In a further series of calculations the magnetic microstructure of a Co/Pt multilayer was modeled by solving the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equations. These suggest that the wall structure varies throughout the thickness of the multilayer, allowing significant saving of magnetostatic energy through the establishment of flux closure paths close to the walls, and are consistent with experimental observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 7438-7442 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analysis is presented of the detailed effects of varying the write parameters in Co/Pt multilayer films. Domains written thermomagnetically by laser modulation have been imaged using the modified differential phase contrast mode of Lorentz electron microscopy. The effects of different laser powers and bias fields were investigated. While the domain size increases with laser power, the bias field is found to have a profound effect on domain regularity. The periodicity of the irregular circumference of the domains written at high-bias fields closely resembles the mean repeat in the ac-demagnetized state suggesting that it arises as a relaxation phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 2447-2452 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The modified differential phase contrast (MDPC) mode of Lorentz electron microscopy was used to study the micromagnetic structure of cross-tie walls in permalloy. The distribution of magnetic induction along these walls is characterized and studied in detail by vector mappings calculated from MDPC image pairs. The wall thickness of the cross-tie wall is determined by fitting the calculated image signal of an analytical function to the MDPC wall profiles. A pronounced dip in the wall width is found at the center of the vortex structure of the cross-tie wall. The results are compared to theoretical calculations by Nakatani, Uesaka, and Hayashi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 28, 2485 (1989).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 58 (1993), S. 6163-6165 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 97 (1993), S. 2745-2754 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 97 (1993), S. 4514-4522 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 5886-5888 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied the giant magnetoresistance of two sputtered systems, Co/Cu multilayers with and without Fe buffer layers, with respect to their magnetic and structural properties. A different oscillatory character of the magnetoresistance as a function of Cu interlayer thickness was found for these two series. The specimens were magnetically characterized using a vibrating sample magnetometer. Transmission electron microscope cross-sectional images and low-angle x-ray diffraction analysis indicated a very different quality of the multilayer structure for these two systems. This is assumed to be the reason for their different magnetoresistant behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 424 (1993), S. 343-353 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Ca channel ; (−) BAY K 8644 ; Ca agonists ; Cardiac cells ; Ca current ; Mode of action ; Dihydropyridine receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The primary drug action of (−) BAY K 8644 on whole-cell Ca current in atrial myocytes was measured under conditions where secondary Ca-mediated changes of Ca channel activity were minimized. The most direct action of (−) BAY K 8644 is the change of gating kinetics which results in a strictly voltage-dependent increase of the peak current in the voltage range between −40 and 0 mV. Peak currents were increased dose dependently in the concentration range from 1 to 30 nM. Analysis of peak current/voltage relations revealed a linear shift of the current activation by approximately 23 mV to more negative membrane potentials, without any change in its voltage dependence and in the current reversal potential or the maximum whole-cell conductance. Measurement of Ca current activation and deactivation time constants suggests that (−) BAY K 8644 prolongs the single-channel open time without affecting the closed time. From the shift of the open time function to more negative voltages by about 50 mV the energy transferred to the gating process is calculated to be 5.4 kJ/mol (1.3 kcal/mol). The drug-induced slow component of tail current has been used to estimate the true dose/response relation for (−) BAY K 8644. A K D value of 4.3 nM and a Hill coefficient of 1.25 were determined. Flash-induced competition experiments with the Ca antagonist nifedipine allowed the measurement of binding kinetics of (−) BAY K 8644. The association rate constant is estimated to about 5×106 mol−1 · s−1 and dissociation time constant is approximately 50–70 s; both are in close agreement with receptor binding studies. Results are discussed in relation to models for drug action of dihydropyridine-type compounds and to implications for the structure of the Ca channel protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 271 (1993), S. 390-395 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Synthetic clay ; lamellar phases ; rheology ; yield stress value
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Rheological data are presented for two different aggregating systems which form gels with a yield stress value. The first described system is a synthetic clay. It forms strong gels for concentrations of the clay above 1.5 weight %. The second system consists of a dilute lamellar phase. The yield values of this phase are in the range of a few Pascal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bicyclic ketones 1-6 entered into diastereoselective (〉 95% d.e.) aldol reactions with a variety of aldehydes (Scheme 1 and Table 1). A representative series of aldols was converted (E)-selectively into α,β-unsaturated ketones by (i) spontaneous base-promoted dehydration (Scheme 1 and Table 2) and also by (ii) conversion into brosylate and base-mediated elimination with lithium diisopropylamide/N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (LDA/TMEDA; Scheme 2). The simple α-methylidene ketones 17a and 18a were obtained via oxidation of the phenylselenides 19 and 20, respectively (Scheme 4). The tertiary aldol 27 was synthesized best by treatment of 1,3-diketone 26 with Me4Zr (Table 4). In this fashion, the facile retro-aldol reaction of 27 was suppressed effectively.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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