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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breakdown and destruction of heterogeneous solid dielectrics by high voltage pulses (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 6262-6267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A mechanism explaining the breakdown of dielectrics with high intrinsic inhomogeneity like natural rocks and concrete is proposed and proved experimentally. This work has a very promising industrial application in the drilling and demolition of natural and artificial solid materials by electric pulses. The mechanism includes the breakdown of gas cavities inside the dielectric and on its surface. At a very high applied voltage, the high electric field causes the breakdown in the cavities. The displacement and conduction currents flowing through a number of such cavities result in the heating of the plasma and high pressure pulse generation. The pulsed pressure results in crack formation and finally, in the destruction of a solid material. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368946
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dichlorobis[4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(2-pyridyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yloxy 3-oxide]copper(II) Bis(dichloromethane) Solvate (1997)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 0-0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270197099538
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A population of faint galaxies that contribute to the cosmic X-ray background (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 391 (1998), S. 866-868 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The origin of the cosmic X-ray background radiation, has remained mysterious since its discovery thirty-five years ago. Investigation of its origin has been difficult because instruments have had insufficient resolution to distinguish small, faint sources in the hard X-ray band (above ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/36047
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cathodic polarization of copper electrode in CuCN–KCN solutions and the current distribution for copper deposition on grooved substrates (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 529-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The cathodic polarization of a copper electrode in CuCN/KCN solution was interpreted by considering the diffusion and migration of all ionic species, chemical reactions involving cyano-copper(i) complexes, and the quasiequilibrium of charge transfer reaction. Experimental polarization curves were compared with theoretical ones, where the diffusion layer thickness was determined. The present model was applied to the prediction of thickness distribution of copper coating on grooved substrates. Two types of substrates with grooves of different size (width × depth), (a) 5mm × 5mm and (b) 1mm × 1mm, were used. Agreement between theory and experiment was satisfactory for substrate a, but not for substrate b. The effect of convective mass transfer in the groove was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018490410509
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High complication rate of reconstruction using Ilizarov bone transport method in patients with bone sarcomas (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 118 (1998), S. 136-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We performed five reconstructions by bone transport in patients with bone sarcoma: three osteosarcomas, one Ewing’s sarcoma and one chondrosarcoma. Four sacromas were in the distal femur and one in the shaft of the tibia. Four patients received multidrug chemotherapy. The average length of the skeletal defect after tumour resection was 17 (range 10–25) cm. All patients underwent double elongation from both proximal and distal sites of the bone defect. The average follow-up period was 48 (range 40–66) months, and the average duration of external fixation was 32 months (range 579–1340 days). In one case, bone formation was satisfactory, but in the other cases, it was poor and slow. The average treatment index was 95 (range 53–191) days per 1 cm of elongation. In one case, the bone fragment disappeared during the bone transport. In one case, the end of the bone protruded from the skin, and osteomyelitis set in. This patient underwent above-knee amputation due to failure of infection control. Three patients suffered talipes equinus. One patient died of pulmonary metastasis. Two patients had fair and three had poor function. This method is not recommended for patients with bone sarcoma who may have a poor prognosis, as it has an unacceptably high complication rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004020050333
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STM/STS and the first principles calculations on Al/Si(001)2×1 (1998)
    Springer
    Applied physics 66 (1998), S. S145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 61.16.-d; 68.35.Bs; 73.20.At
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: 9  atoms/cm2. In this study, in order to achieve an elementary analysis of each atom on the Si surface, metal atoms on the Si(001) surface are analyzed by STS and the result is evaluated with the first principles calculations of quantum mechanics. As metallic contaminations, sub-monolayer of Aluminum is evaporated on Si(001)2×1. The Local Density of State (LDOS) on the Al/Si(001)2×1 is measured by STS at room temperature. The measured LDOS at an Al dimer is in good agreement with that obtained from the calculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051118
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Missense mutations in the pancreatic islet beta cell inwardly rectifying K+ channel gene (KIR6.2/BIR ): a meta-analysis suggests a role in the polygenic basis of Type II diabetes mellitus in Caucasians (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 1511-1515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; gene ; inwardly rectifier potassium channel ; mutation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The K+ inwardly rectifier channel (KIR) is one of the two sub-units of the pancreatic islet ATP-sensitive potassium channel complex (IKATP), which has a key role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and thus is a potential candidate for a genetic defect in Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. We did a molecular screening of the KIR6.2 gene by single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and direct sequencing in 72 French Caucasian Type II diabetic families. We identified three nucleotide substitutions resulting in three amino acid changes (E23K, L270V and I337V), that have also been identified in other Caucasian Type II diabetic subjects. These variants were genotyped in French cohorts of 191 unrelated Type II diabetic probands and 119 normoglycaemic control subjects and association studies were done. The genotype frequencies of the L270V and I337V variants were not very different between Type II diabetic subjects and control groups. In contrast, analysis of the E23K variant showed that the KK homozygocity was more frequent in Type II diabetic than in control subjects (27 vs 14 %, p = 0.015). Analyses in a recessive model (KK vs EK/EE) tended to show a stronger association of the K allele with diabetes (p = 0.0097, corrected p-value for multiple testing 〈 0.02). The data for the E23K variant obtained here and those obtained from three other Caucasian groups studied so far were combined and investigated by meta-analysis. Overall, the E23K variant was found to be significantly associated with Type II diabetes (0.001 ≤p≤ 0.0016, corrected p-values for multiple testing p≤ 0.01). This study shows that KIR6.2 polymorphisms are frequently associated with Type II diabetes in French Caucasians. Furthermore, a meta-analysis combining different Caucasian groups suggests an significant role of KIR6.2 in the polygenic context of Type II diabetes. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 1511–1515]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051098
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrapancreatic accessory spleen: case report (1998)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 191-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Intrapancreatic accessory spleen—CT—MRI.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report a rare case of intrapancreatic accessory spleen which radiologically mimicked a pancreatic hypervascular tumor. The diagnosis of an intrapancreatic accessory spleen should be considered when a pancreatic mass has the CT densities and/or MR signal intensities similar to those of the spleen, with and without contrast medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900320
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of the yeast RAD1 homolog gene (mus-38) from Neurospora crassa: evidence for involvement in nucleotide excision repair (1998)
    Springer
    Current genetics 33 (1998), S. 276-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key wordsNeurospora crassa ; Nucleotide excision repair ; mus-38 ; RAD1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A Neurospora crassa gene encoding a product with homology to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad1 nucleotide excision repair (NER) protein was isolated by degenerate PCR. The predicted protein consists of 892 amino acids with a molecular weight of 100.4 kDa, and 32–37% identity to the XPF/ERCC4 protein family. The homolog was mapped to the left arm of linkage group I, the location of the mus-38 gene. Subsequently, gene inactivation and complementation studies identified the RAD1 homolog as mus-38. Immunological assays showed that the mus-18 (UV-specific endonuclease) and mus-38 strains have partial and normal UV-damage excision activities, respectively, but removal of thymine dimers and TC (6-4) photoproducts is abolished in the mus-18 mus-38 double mutant. The double mutant also was synergistically more sensitive to UV than either single mutant. The data suggest that mus-38 may participate in a different NER pathway from that involving the mus-18 gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050337
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basal interhemispheric supra- and/or infrachiasmal approaches via superomedial orbitotomy for hypothalamic lesions: preservation of hypothalamo-pituitary functions in combination treatment with radiosurgery (1997)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 13 (1997), S. 250-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Operative approach ; Orbitotomy ; Hypothalamus ; Craniopharyngioma ; Pituitary adenoma ; Radiosurgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although several approaches to the hypothalamus have been used, none is able to give full views of the hypothalamus. The risk of permanent morbidity for hypothalamo-pituitary functions is still high, especially in patients with cranio-pharyngioma. Basal interhemispheric supra-chiasmal or infra-chiasmal approaches via superomedial orbitotomy were developed for better visualization of the hypothalamus. Operative techniques and results, including combination treatment with radiosurgery, are reported. Twelve patients with tumors compressing the hypothalamus upward or extending into the III ventricle, or both, were operated on: 3 tumors were removed totally, 6 tumors subtotally and 3 tumors partially. Six patients received radiosurgery for residual tumor. Four patients with hypopituitarism preoperatively required oral corticosteroids and thyroid hormones postoperatively. The basal interhemispheric approach via superomedial orbitotomy is useful for better visualization of the hypothalamus and preservation of hypothalamo-pituitary functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003810050078
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