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  • Digitale Medien  (9)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1935-1939
  • Anthomyiidae  (6)
  • Coleoptera  (2)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis
Materialart
  • Digitale Medien  (9)
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1990-1994  (2)
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 279-286 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Delia antiqua ; Hylemya ; Anthomyiidae ; onion fly ; antixenosis ; oviposition behaviour ; plant-insect interactions ; resistance ; host-plant stimuli
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé A la lumière d'opinions récentes concernant la découverte des plantes-hôtes par D. antiqua, nous avons examiné les conditions de la ‘résistance’ chez plusieurs lignées de A. cepa les moins attaquées lors d'essais en plein champ aux Pays-Bas, et dont on considérait que la ‘résistance’ était due à une antixénose. Des femelles gravides en présence, au laboratoire, d'un choix de plants de 6 semaines, pondent en moyenne 1,6 à 34,8 oeufs par plant. Les différences entre les pontes correspondent aux tailles des plants. Si l'on tient compte de ces dernières, l'analyse de covariance ne montre pas de différence significative entre les pontes sur les différentes lignées. Des substituts de feuilles ont été créés de façon à faire varier les paramètres de taille tout en maintenant constants les autres stimuli de la plante: pour des plantes, dont le diamètre à la base variait de 1 à 4 mm et la hauteur de 100 à 350 mm, seul le diamètre a significativement influé sur la ponte. Les pontes sur les plantes hors de ces dimensions n'ont pu être expliquées par les seules différences de diamètre. Comme les paysans des principales régions productrices d'oignons d'Europe et des U.S.A. font des bénéfices importants avec la culture d'oignons précoces, ces lignées, sélectionnées par mégarde pour leur développement lent, ne sont probablement pas une bonne source de ‘résistance’ à la mouche de l'oignon. Cependant, ces résultats soulignent la nécessité de tenir autant compte de la taille de la plante que de son chimisme ou de sa texture lors de l'évaluation et de la création de cultivars résistants.
    Notizen: Abstract When gravid onion fly females, Delia antiqua (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) were presented in laboratory choice test with 6-week-old plants of a susceptible cultivar and of onion breeding lines selected for resistance, mean numbers of eggs laid ranged from 34.8 to 1.6 eggs per plant. Differences in ovipositional responses were mirrored by differences in plant size. Analysis of covariance revealed no significant differences in ovipositional responses to breeding lines when differences in size were taken into account. Foliar surrogates were developed so that single size parameters could be varied while holding all other plant stimuli constant. Tests using these surrogates revealed that among plants with basal diameters of 1 to 4 mm and heights of 100 to 350 mm, diameter alone significantly influenced responses of ovipositing females. Ovipositional responses to plants beyond this size range could not be explained strictly by diameter differences. These results underscore the necessity of considering plant size as well as plant chemistry and texture in efforts to evalute and design resistant cultivars.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 1 (1981), S. 103-105 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Schlagwort(e): Leukocyte-reactive ANA ; HLA ; Ankylosing spondylitis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The prevalence of serum leukocyte-reactive antinuclear antibody (LR-ANA) was determined in 31 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), their age-and gender-matched normal controls, and two tribes of 340 West Coast Canadian Indians (Bella Coolas and Haidas). At a serum dilution of 1:10, the prevalence of LR-ANA in AS and controls was 45% and 7%, respectively. At 1:20 dilution, the prevalence was 23% in AS, 0% in controls, 29% in Bella Coolas and 27% in Haidas. No concordance was found among LR-ANA, HLA-B27 and CREG-B7, and nine HLA-A and seven HLA-B antigens in the Indian tribes. These studies confirm an increased prevalence of LR-ANA in AS and AS kindreds. but the latter association appears to be independent of HLA antigens.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 719-730 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Onion fly ; Delia antiqua ; Diptera ; Anthomyiidae ; oviposition ; deterrent ; capsaicin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract In laboratory choice experiments, the spices dill, paprika, black pepper, chili powder, ginger, and red pepper deterredDelia antiqua oviposition by 88–100%. Dose-response choice tests demonstrated that 1 mg of ground cayenne pepper (GCP) placed within 1 cm of artificial onion foliage reduced oviposition by 78%. A synthetic analog of capsaicin, the principal flavor ingredient of red peppers, deterred oviposition by 95% when present at 320 ppm in the top centimeter of sand (the ovipositional substrate). However, in no-choice conditions 10 mg GCP was not an effective deterrent. Sevana Bird Repellent and Agrigard Insect Repellent both use red pepper as a principal ingredient; at recommended field rates, neither of these materials was an effective ovipositional deterrent either in laboratory or field. Capsaicin-based materials do not appear to be candidates for onion maggot control via behavioral modification.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 395-414 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; bark beetle ; Dendrocionus ; Ips ; pheromone ; colonization ; attraction ; inhibition ; behavioral interaction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Chemically mediated behavioral interactions among four species of Scolytidae cohabitingPinus taeda in east Texas appear to be significant in delineating breeding areas within trees and in influencing the sequence of colonization.Dendroctonus frontalis usually arrived first and was not attracted to logs occupied by any of the threeIps species (I. avulsus, I. calligraphus, andI. grandicollis). The response ofI. avulsus to conspecific males was enhanced by the simultaneous presence of actively boring maleI. grandicollis. The response ofIps calligraphus was inhibited in areas whereI. avulsus was also present, but, in turn,I. calligraphus inhibited the response ofI. grandicollis and attractedI. avulsus. Ips grandicollis was strongly inhibited by the simultaneous presence of femaleD. frontalis or maleI. calligraphus, and in turn, maleI. grandicollis inhibitedD. frontalis. The result of this highly interactive olfactory system is that host trees are colonized very rapidly and that, in the process, disadvantageous reproductive interactions are minimized.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 125-136 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Aggregation ; pheromone ; elm ; mark-release ; multilure ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; Scolytus multistriatus ; trap-out ; Ulmus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Two experiments were conducted to investigate the use of a pheromone-based trap-out technique for suppressing populations ofScolytus multistriatus. In the first experiment, elm bolts containing the immature stages ofS. multistriatus were placed in an isolated community that contained elm trees, but which was essentially devoid of a resident beetle population. The infested bolts produced a total of 46,485 adult beetles of which 20% were recovered on traps baited with synthetic pheromone. In the second experiment beetles were released in a desert valley containing no resident elms or beetles. Only 1% of 20,000 released beetles were recaptured on traps erected on vertical cardboard cylinders and on elm logs. These rates of recapture are related to the attraction of beetles to naturally occurring brood sources versus pheromone-baited traps.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 1477-1488 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Delia antiqua ; onion fly ; Diptera ; Anthomyiidae ; food attractants ; host attractants ; microbial attractants ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; bacteria ; Allium ; onion ; garlic ; chive
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Of various chopped vegetables tested,Allium spp. high in propyl-containing alkyl sulfides (e.g.,cepa group) caught the most onion flies in trapping tests in the field. Fly catches to chopped onion increased with bait quantity. Attractancy of chopped onion changed dramatically during aging in the field; catch increased over the first few days, peaked at ca. fivefold over fresh material by 3–5 days, and then declined sharply. This age-dependent increase in attraction was not seen for garlic (known to have antimicrobial properties) nor with chopped onion mixed with chopped garlic. These data suggested that attraction of onion flies to onions was strongly influenced by microbial activity associated with decomposing onions. The bacteriumKlebsiella pneumoniae was identified as a major colonizer of onions maximally attractive to onion flies. This increased attraction is not due to the previously reported microbially produced volatiles ethyl acetate and tetramethyl pyrazine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 435-440 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Delia (Hylemya) antiqua ; Diptera ; Anthomyiidae ; onion fly ; onion maggot ; tube trap ; insect attractants
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Responses of onion flies,Delia antiqua, to known attractants were measured in the laboratory with a novel tube-trap bioassay. The relative numbers of flies caught in tube traps baited with enzymatic yeast hydrolysate, brewer's yeast, andn-dipropyl disulfide were similar to those obtained previously with cone traps in the field. Changing the shape of the bioassay cage from a cuboid to a cylinder decreased the experimental error obtained from analysis of variance, as did rotating the floor of the circular cage. This bioassay should be useful in evaluating attractants for other insects that orient along the substrate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 13 (1987), S. 1261-1277 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Onion fly ; onion maggot ; Delia antiqua ; Hylemya antiqua ; Diptera ; Anthomyiidae ; host selection ; oviposition ; dipropyl disulfide ; behavior ; herbivore ; plant-insect interactions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Onion fly females,Delia antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) laid the most eggs on ovipositional dishes havingn-dipropyl disulfide (Pr2S2) release rates of 1–6 ng/sec from polyethylene capsules placed beneath a sand substrate. When dipropyl disulfide was released from the wax coating of surrogate foliage rather than from the substrate, ovipositing females again responded differentially to various concentrations, laying more eggs around stems containing 0.075 and 0.089 mg/stem. Factorial combinations of several concentrations released from surrogate foliage and substrate showed that releases from surrogate foliage stimulated four times more egg-laying than releases from the substrate. Females tended to lay more eggs around surrogate stems having Pr2S2 at the base rather than on the upper half of foliage. Observations of individual females performing preovipositional examining behaviors on Pr2S2-treated surrogate stems indicated that females tended to land on the upper portions of the foliage, but after landing, spent most of their time examining areas of soil and surrogate within 1 cm of the soil-surrogate foliage interface. Surrogate stems provide a realistic context for investigating effects of plant chemicals on host-acceptance behaviors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 905-916 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Onion fly ; Delia antiqua ; Diptera ; Anthomyiidae ; Erwinia carotovora varcarotovora ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; food attractant ; ovipositional stimulant ; dipropyl disulfide ; 2-phenylethanol ; pentanoic acid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Decomposing onions at certain microbial successional stages produce potent volatile attractants and ovipositional stimulants of the onion fly,Delia antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). A reproducible source of these compounds was obtained by culturingErwinia carotovora var.carotovora (EC) on sterile onion tissue. In laboratory choice tests, EC-inoculated onion was more attractive thanKlebsiella pneumoniae (KP) cultured on onion, EC cultured on potato (a nonhost of onion fly), or the chemical synthetic baits dipropyl disulfide and an aqueous solution of 2-phenylethanol and pentanoic acid. Onion flies were mildly attracted to potato after inoculation with EC, but females did not accept EC-inoculated potato for oviposition. This work emphasizes that sources of semiochemicals may need to be defined microbiologically as well as physically and chemically.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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