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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A nondestructive method is presented which allows a precise detection of defects and their positions inside the cavity of semiconductor lasers. The defect recognition is based on the measurement of the longitudinal mode spectrum below threshold and the inspection of its Fourier transformation. Using a theoretical model, it is shown that a small distortion inside the cavity leads to a peak in the Fourier transformed spectrum from which the position of the distortion relative to the facets can be determined. For a ridge waveguide laser we find a direct correlation between defects identified by the analysis of the longitudinal mode spectrum and cathodoluminescence imaging. The applicability of this method for nondestructive defect recognition will also be demonstrated for broad area laser diodes with lateral multimode emission. The investigations reveal that the presented method can be used to assess the crystal quality of manufactured laser diodes. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1388-1390 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A Si(111):GaSe van der Waals surface is prepared using sequential deposition of Ga and Se at elevated temperature on a Si(111)-7×7 surface. Surface properties were investigated by soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The Si(111)-1×1:GaSe surface remains with electronic surface potentials near flatband condition. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 58 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The phenomenon of electromagnetic interference by mobile phones is real and potentially clinically significant. This has been recognised by the Department of Health and the Medical Devices Agency, leading to bans on phone use in hospitals. Current evidence suggests that mobile phones can cause malfunction of medical equipment, but only when used in close proximity. Allowing phone use in non-patient care areas and improving staff education may improve compliance with hospital policies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 57 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 57 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 148 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background Merkel cell tumours are rare neoplasms of the skin with frequent regional and distant metastases. Scintigraphy with the radiolabelled somatostatin analogue octreotide is a possible method for in vivo localization of the primary tumour and its metastases. Objectives To estimate the diagnostic value of indium111-octreotide scintigraphy (Octreoscan®) in detecting metastases. Methods Scans of 11 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma were evaluated, in whom scintigraphy was performed in addition to the conventional investigations, chest X-ray, ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT). Results In four cases metastases were found both by scintigraphy and by conventional methods; two investigations showed a suspicious accumulation of radioactivity on scintigraphy that could not be confirmed by CT and clinical progression. In three cases CT-verified metastases were not found by scintigraphy. Two patients were found to be tumour free, i.e. free of metastases by scintigraphy and conventional methods, indicating true-negative results. Conclusion These data confirm that scintigraphy with the radiolabelled somatostatin analogue octreotide is not clinically helpful in detecting metastases from Merkel cell carcinoma. In this relatively small sample the method generated false-positive or false-negative results in five of 11 cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 289-290 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It is of interest to investigate these metabolic derivatives further by the use of electron-capture gas chromato-graphy, a tool of great sensitivity in the detection and isolation of chlorinated insecticides. Mature male and female Sprague-Dawley rats within a weight range of 250-350 g were fed ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 178 (1969), S. 268-276 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Verschiedenen Tieren wurde unter ständiger Kontrolle des Augenhintergrundes Luft in die linke Herzkammer oder in eine Arteria carotis communis injiziert. Unmittelbar nach der Luftinjektion sieht man zahlreiche Luftbläschen in den Arterien der Netz- und Aderhaut strömen. Die blutleeren Gefäßstrecken der Netzhaut treten als silberweiße Perlen bzw. Fäden mit einer scharfen, zum bluthaltigen Teil der Gefäßstrecke konvexen Begrenzung in Erscheinung. Dieser Befund kann tierexperimentell in jedem Fall erzielt werden, wobei die dafür erforderliche Luftmenge erheblich variiert. Die Augenhintergrundsuntersuchung kann für die Diagnosestellung der arteriellen Luftembolie beweisend sein; sie ist jedoch nur in den ersten 20–30, maximal bis 60 min nach dem Ereignis erfolgversprechend. Nach Todeseintritt ist die Luft noch 6–8 h deutlich zu sehen und von postmortalen Frakturierungen der Blutsäule zu unterscheiden. Diese Befunde sind damit auch für die Gerichtsmedizin bedeutungsvoll. Die Ophthalmoskopie dürfte ein neues diagnostisches Hilfsmittel bei der pathologisch-anatomisch sehr schwer beweisbaren zerebralen Luftembolie mit geringer Überlebenszeit darstellen.
    Notes: Summary Air was applicated into the left ventricle or arteria carotis communis under continous control of the fundus oculi. The injection of air is immediately followed by the appearance of numerous silver-white small sized air bubbles and/or columns of air with an distinct convex border in the arteries of retina and chorioid. The needed quantities of air varied. After 20 to 30 min on average the vessels were airless again. Extremely the air was seen till 6 to 8 hours after death when the first post mortem fractionations begins. Therefore suggestion can be made ophthalmoscopy could be a possible proof to state arterial air embolism if limited to the first hour after occurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-5196
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Dentalamalgame ; Eingrenzung der Leichenliegezeit ; Röntgen-Mikroanalyse ; Key words Dental amalgam ; Delimitation of postmortem period ; X-ray Microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The composition of amalgam used as dental filling material has undergone many changes since it was first introducted by Adolf Witzel 100 years ago in Germany. Using the X-ray microanalysis EDAX allows a qualitative and quantitative determination of the metals in the alloy. The quantitative evaluation of the components makes it possible to classify the alloy into specific amalgam types. Changing definitions (such as specification No. 1 by the FDI) and quality regulations (such as the use of gamma-2-free amalgams) of new types of dental amalgams were made at various time periods and can therefore be used as an approximate time indicator. Such analyses are possible even with small volumes of material. Metallographic investigations support this analytical process and make the identification of the amalgam product possible. However, a more substantial amount of material is necessary for a metallographic investigation. These methods were tested on human remains and it can be concluded that they contribute to a delimination of the postmortem period.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Zusammensetzung der Amalgame als Füllungswerkstoff in der Zahnheilkunde hat sich seit der Einführung durch Adolf Witzel in Deutschland vor ca. 100 Jahren in der Zusammensetzung mehrfach geändert. Mittels der Röntgen-Mikroanalyse EDAX können die Metalle in der Legierung sowohl qualitativ als auch quantitativ bestimmt werden. Durch die quantitative Bestimmung der einzelnen Legierungsbestandteile ist die Zuordnung zu bestimmten Amalgamtypen möglich. Da die unterschiedlichen Legierungstypen auf Grund von Beschlüssen, wie z. B. der FDI Spezifikation Nr. 1 und veränderten Qualitätsanforderungen, z. B. gamma-2-freie Amalgame, zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten eingeführt wurden, wird dadurch eine grobe zeitliche Eingrenzung möglich. Metallographische Strukturuntersuchungen unterstützen das analytische Verfahren und lassen gegebenenfalls Rückschlüsse auf das Fabrikat zu. Diese Untersuchungsmethoden, die an aktuellen Skelettfunden getestet wurden, können bei der Eingrenzung der Leichenliegezeit hilfreich sein.
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