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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yersinia HPI in septicemic Escherichia coli strains isolated from diverse hosts (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 196 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: High pathogenicity islands (HPIs), first identified in various Yersinia species, encode an iron uptake system. We have studied the occurrence of HPIs in septicemic strains of Escherichia coli isolated from a variety of hosts. The results presented in this communication indicate that most septicemic strains tested contained HPI sequences even though they already have the aerobactin encoding genes. We have also observed two types of HPI deletions, suggesting genetic instability of this element. Notable exceptions are several strains isolated from septicemia in sheep that lacked both iron acquisition systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10540.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbiosis and Pathogenesis: Evolution of the Microbe-Host Interaction (2000)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 87 (2000), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001140050001
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and Demonstration of High-Power X-Band SiC MESFETs (2002)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 389-393 (Apr. 2002), p. 1367-1370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/06/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.389-393.1367.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Multi-Scale Structure of the Australian Cool Changes (2000)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 73 (2000), S. 157-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary In Southern Australia summertime deep cold fronts are frequently preceded by a shallow cold frontal line connected to a prefrontal lower tropospheric trough. The advance of this line defines a “cool change” which in many cases causes severe weather events. The goal of this paper is to analyze the multi-scale structure of these cool changes using aircraft observations and synoptic-scale analyses. The aircraft measurements on cross-frontal tracks of horizontal lengths of up to 300 km are performed with an average resolution of 3 to 4 m along the track. Thus a multi-scale analysis from micro-scale events up to the synoptic-scale phenomena can be presented. All flights and thus all meso- and micro-scale analyses are performed over water only. The obviously very different characteristics of the cool change structure elements over land are not investigated. The synoptic analyses for one very typical case show a prefrontal trough as characterized by its position in relation to the main deep cold front, its source region in Western Australia and its extent to the southeast. Fields of strong wind shear, temperature gradients, vertical wind and Q-vectors are displayed. The meso-β-scale x, z-cross-sections derived from two aircraft missions (data of the second one in brackets) show: a shallow cold front with a 160 (60) km wide transition zone in which the near surface potential temperature drops rather steadily by 9 °C (20 °C); a shallow feeder flow topped by a strong inversion with a vertical gradient of potential temperature up to 5 °C/100 m between the top of the feeder flow at 400 (200) m and 1500 (700) m; a cross-frontal circulation expressed by the ageostrophic wind components u ϕ,subscale and w with a center at 1200 m over the frontal edge of the feeder flow (for one mission only); a strong shear of the along-frontal wind component v ϕ with a large increase of the negative v ϕ-values with height, which very well fits to the synoptic-scale view of the wave structure of the geostrophic wind (well-known from the upper level synoptic charts) at different heights; a jet core of this along-frontal wind in the center of the cross-frontal circulation, again for one mission only. A very striking example of a micro-scale event is an approximately 1 km wide head of a frontal squall line. It shows dramatic changes of all meteorological parameters. The event is displayed in a horizontal domain of 4 km with full resolution (∼ 4 m). Derivatives of the measured parameters in the cross-frontal direction add information to the space series of the parameters themselves. Deformation frontogenesis of potential temperature and specific humidity show very large values on the scale resolved here. Fortunately the squall line could be sampled again at the same height, but in a somewhat degenerated state 1½ h later.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007030050071
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aneuploids in Oat Varietal Populations (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 197 (1963), S. 924-925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] As Avena sativa is a hexaploid, there is considerable duplication of genetic material and, in consequence, relatively high levels of aneuploidy are tolerated. Mono-somics and nullisomics have been reported to be viable and, to some extent, fertile1. Thus once an aneuploid has arisen in a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/197924a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of a Legionella pneumophila-specific gene encoding a member of the LysR family of transcriptional regulators (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 264 (2000), S. 204-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Legionella pneumophila LysR family Transcription factor Flagellum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Flagellin gene regulation in Legionella pneumophila is modulated by various environmental factors. The expression of the virulent phenotype seems to be linked genetically to flagellum expression. To better understand the mechanisms of flagellin gene expression in L. pneumophila (Lp), we screened a pool of plasmids from a L. pneumophila Corby genomic library for the ability to prevent or reduce luciferase activity in the Escherichia coli strain YK410, which harbours a Lp-pflaA-luxAB fusion. We cloned a DNA fragment encoding the N-terminal part of a protein with significant similarity to members of the LysR family of transcriptional regulators (LTTRs). The entire gene, cloned by inverse PCR, was named flaR. It encodes a protein of 302 amino acids, and computer-assisted analysis of the amino acid sequence revealed a helix-turn-helix motif located near the N-terminus of the protein. The FlaR protein exhibits 21–31% identity to various LTTRs. Furthermore, gel retardation experiments indicate that the FlaR protein is able to bind to its own promoter region and, to a lesser extent, to the flaA promoter of L. pneumophila. The flaR promoter region contains putative LysR binding motifs and two putative Fur boxes. Taken together, these results indicate that FlaR is a DNA-binding protein which belongs to the LTTR family. Southern analysis with a L. pneumophila Corby-specific flaR probe revealed homologous genes in various L. pneumophila strains, but not in the 12 non-pneumophila strains tested so far.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380000310
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and use of the green fluorescent protein as a reporter system in Legionella pneumophila (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 262 (2000), S. 1060-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Green fluorescent protein (GFP) ; Legionella pneumophila ; Intracellular survival ; Macrophage infectivity potentiator (Mip) protein ; Acanthamoeba castellanii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The gene encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used as a reporter gene in Legionella pneumophila. To analyze GFP expression in Legionella, transcriptional fusions of gfp with the Legionella-specific mip (macrophage infectivity potentiator) promoter (P mip ) and the sod (superoxide dismutase) promoter (P sod ) derived from Listeria monocytogenes were constructed. Following transformation into the virulent L. pneumophila strain JR 32, strong GFP-mediated fluorescence was detected with both plasmids, although the sod promoter was asssociated with a 1ten-fold higher intensity. No fluorescence was observed in L. pneumophila transformed with the promoterless gfp gene. Comparison of fluorescence yields between various L. pneumophila strains that differ in their virulence characteristics and were transformed with the P mip -gfp carrying plasmid revealed no differences in GFP expression. Infection studies using Acanthamoeba castellanii as host and recombinant L. pneumophila strains carrying the P mip -gfp and P sod -gfp fusions indicated that the mip promoter was expressed when the bacteria replicated intracellularly. GFP expression was also used to monitor, in infected A. castellanii cells, the intracellular survival of, and incidence of host-cell killing by, L. pneumophila strains that vary in their virulence properties. As quantified by flow cytometry the highly virulent L. pneumophila strain Corby was twice as infectious to A. castellanii as the Philadelphia strain JR 32. Using the avirulent Philadelphia derivative 25D invasion but no intracellular multiplication was observed. In addition, we examined by flow cytometry the influence of cytochalasin D, cycloheximide, and methylamine on the uptake of Legionella by A. castellanii. In conclusion, gfp appears to be a convenient reporter gene whose expression in Legionella can be followed in real time and allows analysis of promoter activities in Legionella and monitoring of the infection process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008649
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional analysis of the minor subunits of S fimbrial adhesin (SfaI) in pathogenic Escherichia coli (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 263 (2000), S. 96-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words S fimbriae ; Adherence ; Minor subunit proteins ; Complementation ; Sialic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract S fimbrial adhesins I and II (SfaI and II), produced by extraintestinal Escherichia coli pathogens that cause urinary tract infections (UTI) and newborn meningitis (NBM), respectively, mediate bacterial adherence to sialic acid-containing glycoprotein receptors present on host epithelial cells and extracellular matrix. The S fimbrial adhesin complexes consist of four proteins: SfaI-A, the major subunit protein and the minor subunit proteins SfaI-G, SfaI-S and SfaI-H. Sialic acid-specific binding is mediated by the minor subunit protein SfaI-S. In order to determine whether the minor subunit proteins SfaI-G, -S and -H play a role in the modulation of adherence and the degree of fimbriation, a trans-complementation system was developed. A non-adhesive E. coli K-12 derivative, harbouring the sfaI-A gene but lacking sfaI-G, -S and -H, was transformed with sfaI-G, -S or -H. Only SfaI-S was able to increase the degree of fimbriation and to confer adhesion properties on the recombinant E. coli K-12 strains. Amino acid residues in SfaI-S that are involved in modulation of fimbriation as well as in receptor recognition were localized by random and site-directed mutagenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008680
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