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  • Electronic Resource  (20)
  • 2000-2004  (20)
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  • Electronic Resource  (20)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-configurational surface magneto-optical Kerr effect measurement system for an ultrahigh vacuum in situ study of ultrathin magnetic films (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3801-3805 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have constructed a three-configurational surface magneto-optical Kerr effect system, which provides the simultaneous measurements of the "polar," "longitudinal," and "transverse" Kerr hysteresis loops at the position where deposition is carried out in an ultrahigh vacuum growth chamber. The present system enables in situ three-dimensional vectorial studies of ultrathin film magnetism with a submonolayer sensitivity. We present three-configurational hysteresis loops measured during the growth of Co films on Pd(111), glass, and Pd/glass substrates. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1310346
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    20-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxadiol (compound K) induces expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 gene in transformed human keratinocytes and fibroblasts and increases hyaluronan in hairless mouse skin (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ginsenosides, the major active ingredient of ginseng, show a variety of biomedical efficacies such as anti-aging, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory activities. To understand the effects of 20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxadiol (compound K), one of the major metabolites of ginsenosides on the skin, we assessed the expression level of approximately 100 transcripts in compound K-treated HaCaT cells using cDNA microarray analysis. Compound K treatment induced differential expression of 40 genes, which have been reported to be involved in the organization of the structure of the extracellular matrix as well as defense responses in human skin cells. One of the most interesting findings is a two-fold increase in hyaluronan synthase2 (HAS2) gene expression by compound K. We found that change in expression of HAS2 gene represents a specific response of HaCaT cells to compound K because hyaluronan synthase 1,3 was not changed by treatment with compound K. We also demonstrated that the compound K effectively induced hyaluronan synthesis in human skin cells and hairless mouse skin. A human clinical study indicated that topical application of compound K containing oil-in-water emulsion showed improvement of xerosis, wrinkle and fine lines in the aged skin. We concluded that compound K has anti-aging effects by the induction of HAS2 gene expression and following hyaluronan synthase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00244_2.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-electron transistor based on a silicon-on-insulator quantum wire fabricated by a side-wall patterning method (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3812-3814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We propose and implement a promising fabrication technology for geometrically well-defined single-electron transistors based on a silicon-on-insulator quantum wire and side-wall depletion gates. The 30-nm-wide silicon quantum wire is defined by a combination of conventional photolithography and process technology, called a side-wall patterning method, and depletion gates for two tunnel junctions are formed by the doped polycrystalline silicon sidewall. The good uniformity of the wire suppresses unexpected potential barriers. The fabricated device shows clear single-electron tunneling phenomena by an electrostatically defined single island at liquid nitrogen temperature and insensitivity of the Coulomb oscillation period to gate bias conditions. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1421081
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of icosahedral phase from amorphous Zr65Al7.5Cu12.5Ni10Ag5 alloys (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 978-980 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The kinetic behavior of quasicrystalline phase formation in amorphous Zr65Al7.5Cu12.5Ni10Ag5 alloys has been studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffractometry, and transmission electron microscopy. DSC trace obtained during continuous heating from 473 to 873 K shows two distinct exotherms with peak temperatures of 727 and 776 K. The first and second exothermic reactions, respectively, correspond to the formation of quasicrystalline phase from the amorphous matrix and the formation of tetragonal CuZr2 and hexagonal Zr6NiAl2 phases from the previously formed quasicrystalline phase. Partial replacement of Cu by Ag enhanced the formation of quasicrystalline phase from the amorphous structure. Johnson–Mehl–Avrami analysis of isothermal transformation data suggests that the formation of quasicrystalline phase is not entirely polymorphic in nature and may involve partitioning of solute at a later stage. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289069
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of columnar defects in YBa2Cu3O7−x ramp-edge Josephson junctions (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 3239-3241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigated the transport properties in YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) ramp-edge Josephson junctions before and after 1.3 GeV Pb-ion irradiation. The barrier of the junctions was formed by structural modification of the ramp-edge surface of the YBCO base electrode. After a dose of ∼2×1010 Pb ions/cm2, both critical current and normal resistance of the junctions increased by ∼30% and 10%, respectively, except near the transition temperature. We interpret such an enhancement of the critical current as a result of impeding Josephson vortex motion by pinned magnetic flux in the electrodes. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1325403
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic relationships of sesame germplasm collection as revealed by inter-simple sequence repeats (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) polymorphism was used to determine genetic relationships among 75 Sesamum indicum L. accessions of Korean and exotic sesame. Fourteen reliable ISSR primers were selected for the assessment of genetic diversity, yielding 79 amplification products. Of these polymerase chain reaction products, 33% revealed polymorphism among the 75 accessions. Genetic distances ranged from 0 to 0.255, with a mean genetic distance of 0.0687. The 75 accessions were divided into seven groups on the basis of unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis. The largest group consisted of 25 Korean cultivars, eight Korean breeding lines and 17 world-wide accessions. The other groups included 25 accessions, several of which contained useful traits. The dendrogram did not indicate any clear division among sesame accessions based on their geographical origin. However, all Korean sesame cultivars except ‘Namsankkae’ were clustered in the same group, indicating a narrow gene pool. Some of the Korean breeding lines were spread along the dendrogram, showing enlargement of genetic diversity. The genetic diversity data uncovered in this study can be used in future breeding programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00700.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for Direct Involvement of β-Catenin in Phorbol Ester-Induced Neurite Outgrowth in GT1-1 Hypothalamic Neurones (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 13 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a pivotal neuroendocrine regulator controlling reproductive functions. However, the scattered distribution of GnRH neurones in the mammalian brain has hindered studies on the development and differentiation of GnRH neurones. In the present study, we used the immortalized GnRH-producing GT1-1 cells to examine whether activation of protein kinase C (PKC) pathway with 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA) induces morphological and functional differentiation of GnRH neurones. TPA induced neurite outgrowth and inhibited proliferation of GT1-1 cells that were specifically antagonized by cotreatment of PKC inhibitor, calphostin C. The functional significance of TPA-induced differentiation of GT1-1 cells was manifested in part by the changes in the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on intracellular Ca2+ levels. In untreated GT1-1 cells, activation of GABA-A receptor with 10 µM muscimol increased intracellular Ca2+ levels, whereas such stimulatory effects disappeared in GT1-1 cells bearing neurites. Accordingly, muscimol could not stimulate GnRH release in TPA-treated GT1-1 cells. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying TPA-induced neurite outgrowth, we performed differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Among several genes that are affected by TPA treatment, we found a significant induction of β-catenin mRNA expression. Along with the rapid induction of β-catenin protein levels, we observed that β-catenin was reallocated from cell–cell adhesion sites to the growth cones within 3 h of TPA treatment. Transient transfection studies with green fluorescent protein as a reporter gene demonstrated that β-catenin overexpression alone can promote neurite outgrowth in GT1-1 cells. Moreover, TPA was found to increase the transcription-activational roles of β-catenin. Together, these data provide evidence that β-catenin is involved in the TPA-induced functional differentiation of immortalized GnRH neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00620.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Irradiation Effects on Biogenic Amines in Korean Fermented Soybean Paste During Fermentation (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Irradiation effects on biogenic amines (BAs) and microbiological populations of Korean fermented soybean paste were investigated during fermentation. Soybean paste was prepared and irradiated with doses of 5,10, and 15 kGy, and then fermented at 25 °C for 12 wk. Bacillus spp. and lactic-acid bacteria decreased by irradiation but increased during fermentation. Biogenic amines detected were putrescine, cadaverine, β-phenylethylamine, spermidine, spermine, tryptamine, histamine, tyramine, and agmatine. A significant difference was not observed in BA content between control and irradiated samples immediately after gamma irradiation. However, 4 kinds of BAs, putrescine, tryptamine, spermidine, and histamine, showed significant reduction by irradiation during fermentation (P 〈 0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb14118.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress distribution ahead of an interface crack tip in a ductile adhesive layer (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In an adhesive layer sandwiched by stiff substrates, if the plastic zone size rp reaches several layer thicknesses ahead of the crack tip, the maximum stress develops around the region of x1=rp, and the stress level is even higher than the one predicted by the remote K-field. The unusual high stress is due to the restraint of the plastic flow by adhesion with the substrates, which is similar to the ‘friction hill’ occurring in plane strain compression or tension. As a theoretical approach, a slip line field model is proposed, which provides a fairly good approximation of the stress distribution σ22 − x1 within the plastic zone. Using the slip line field approach, a new model is proposed to estimate the plastic zone size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2002.00558.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infection and colonization of melon roots by Monosporascus cannonballus in two cropping seasons in Arizona and California (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 53 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Although canopy collapse of melons (one of the above-ground symptoms of vine decline caused by Monosporascus cannonballus) occurred late in the growing season, the onset of root infection occurred much earlier. In three early winter-spring and two late winter-spring crops, the onset of root infection occurred 47–65 and 35–36 days after planting, respectively. In contrast, in four summer-autumn crops, the onset of root infection occurred within 9–17 days after planting. Vine decline occurred commonly in winter-spring crops, but did not occur in any of the summer-autumn crops. Following the onset of root infection, the percentage of plants infected increased at rates of 0·031–0·036 and 0·038–0·070 per unit per day for winter-spring and summer-autumn crops, respectively, based on the monomolecular disease progress model. Root lesions were first observed 14–42 days after the onset of infection in winter-spring crops, and 14–28 days after the onset of infection in summer-autumn crops. Pathogen reproduction occurred primarily at the end of each growing season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2004.00943.x
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