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  • Electronic Resource  (18)
  • 1995-1999  (9)
  • 1990-1994  (8)
  • 1975-1979  (1)
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  • Electronic Resource  (18)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sterically Stabilized Colloidal Particles as Model Hard Spheres (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 10 (1994), S. 3550-3554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00022a030
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    UVB therapy decreases the adhesive interaction between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and dermal microvascular endothelium, and regulates the differential expression of CD54, VCAM-1, and E-selectin in psoriatic plaques (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A dermal lymphocytic infiltrate is a characteristic feature of psoriasis, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. We have previously shown that specialized dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMEC) in psoriatic lesions promote the selective adherence of the CD4 CD45Ro helper T-cell subset. In this study, we examined the adhesive interaction between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and psoriatic DMEC in patients treated with ultraviolet B light (UVB), and correlated the results with the expression and function of endothelial adhesion molecules on DMEC. Seven psoriatic patients were exposed to one MED of UVB daily for 14 days, and the binding properties of their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and tissue specimens taken from their lesions on days 0, 2, 3, 6, 8, 11 and 14 of UVB treatment, were studied. The ability of psoriatic PBMC to adhere to non-irradiated control or UVB-treated psoriatic plaques was reduced by 70% after treatment with 2–3 MED, and complete inhibition was obtained after 8–11 MED. In contrast, exposure of psoriatic plaques to 2–3 MED had no effect on the capacity of DMEC to support normal PBMC binding, which was only reduced after 8–11 MED. In addition, psoriatic plaques which were shielded from direct UVB exposure also showed decreased PBMC binding, suggesting a systemic effect of UVB treatment. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed that CD54 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin were strongly expressed on dermal vessels in untreated psoriatic plaques. Treatment of patients with 6–8 MED significantly decreased CD54 and E-selectin, but was markedly induced following UVB treatment. In functional blocking studies, preincubation of tissue from untreated psoriatic plaques with anti-E-selectin antibody, but not antibodies against CD54 and VCAM-1, significantly inhibited the ability to bind normal PBMC. These observations suggest that UVB treatment interferes with the adhesive properties of both psoriatic PBMC and endothelial cells, and differentially regulates the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules. The study also provided direct evidence for the involvement of E-selectin in the adhesion of circulating lymphocytes to psoriatic endothelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-750.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1995)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 27 (1995), S. 1081-1086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292138
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggression and risk assessment during predatory interactions between first-instarSinea diadema (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 7 (1994), S. 297-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Reduviidae ; intraspecific interactions ; cannibalism ; predation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The behaviors exhibited by first-instarSinea diadema (F.) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) during intraspecific interactions are described. Five distinct behaviors were characterized: posturing, striking, stalking, stridulating, and beaking. Distinct bouts of grappling were also noted. Interactions between unfed 2-day-old nymphs, unfed 3-day-old nymphs, and unfed 5-day-old nymphs were recorded and analyzed. The behavior of the nymphs changed with the duration of food deprivation. As the period of food deprivation increased from 2 to 5 days, the frequency of posturing decreased as the frequency of beaking increased. During noncannibalistic interactions, posturing or striking by one nymph was most frequently followed by posturing by the other nymph. In contrast, during cannibalistic interactions, posturing or striking was usually followed by beaking. The incidence of grappling increased with the duration of food deprivation. Moreover, grappling always preceded cannibalism. Although first instars were capable of capturing and killing conspecifics of the same age, cannibalism occurred only after 4 days of food deprivation. These results suggest that a decision-making process is involved. During interactions the nymphs can assess the vulnerability of the opponent. Whereas recently emerged nymphs usually forego the risk of attacking conspecifics, the attacks made by nymphs deprived of food are more persistent despite the danger of predation by their opponent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01989737
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors regulating predation by first-instar spined assassin bugs [Sinea diadema (Fabricius)] (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 9 (1996), S. 23-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Reduviidae ; interspecific predation ; intraspecific predation ; nutrition ; kin recognition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Selected nutritional and developmental factors regulating the predatory behavior of first-instar spined assassin bugsSinea diadema (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) were investigated. The longevity of unfed nymphs provided with free water, bean pod sections, or glucose solutions was not significantly greater than that of unfed nymphs which were not provided with a source of water. First-instarS. diadema that were provided with larvae ofEphestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) as prey began feeding 1.9 (±0.9) days after hatching. In contrast, first-instarS. diadema that were provided with conspecifics of the same age did not begin feeding until they were 3.9 (±0.9) days old. These results suggest that the potential nutritional benefits to be gained from feeding equal or outweigh the risk of attacking prey capable of effective self-defense only when nymphs have not fed for 4 days after hatching. Providing the nymphs with water or glucose solutions significantly delayed the onset of conspecific predation. Additional data are presented which demonstrate that first-instarS. diadema are not restrained from preying on siblings by kin recognition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02213721
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of hunger on intraspecific interactions between first-instarSinea diadema (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 9 (1996), S. 37-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: predator-prey interactions ; Reduviidae ; hunger ; cannibalism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fed and unfed first instars of the spined assassin bugSinea diadema were paired to evaluate the effects of food deprivation on their behaviour during encounters. Fed nymphs encountering starved 5-day-old nymphs retreated from 69% of the encounters after contacting the starved nymph. In contrast, starved nymphs initiated grappling during 30% of the encounters with fed nymphs and retreated significantly less often than the fed nymphs. When a single fed nymph was placed together with two unfed 3-day-old nymphs in a closed arena, the fed nymphs generally were not the first nymph cannibalized and were the final survivors in 67% of 24 replicates. These results are discussed in the context of the relative costs and benefits of escalating or retreating from encounters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02213722
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A superposed epoch analysis of geomagnetic storms (1994)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 12 (1994), S. 612-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A superposed epoch analysis of geomagnetic storms has been undertaken. The storms are categorised via their intensity (as defined by the Dst index). Storms have also been classified here as either storm sudden commencements (SSCs) or storm gradual commencements (SGCs, that is all storms which did not begin with a sudden commencement). The prevailing solar wind conditions defined by the parameters solar wind speed (vsw), density (〈rho〉sw) and pressure (Psw) and the total field and the components of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) during the storms in each category have been investigated by a superposed epoch analysis. The southward component of the IMF, appears to be the controlling parameter for the generation of small SGCs (-100 nT〈 minimum Dst\leq-50 nT for\geq4 h), but for SSCs of the same intensity solar wind pressure is dominant. However, for large SSCs (minimum Dst\leq-100 nT for \geq4 h) the solar wind speed is the controlling parameter. It is also demonstrated that for larger storms magnetic activity is not solely driven by the accumulation of substorm activity, but substantial energy is directly input via the dayside. Furthermore, there is evidence that SSCs are caused by the passage of a coronal mass ejection, whereas SGCs result from the passage of a high speed/ slow speed coronal stream interface. Storms are also grouped by the sign of Bz during the first hour epoch after the onset. The sign of Bz at t=+1 h is the dominant sign of the Bz for \sim24 h before the onset. The total energy released during storms for which Bz was initially positive is, however, of the same order as for storms where Bz was initially negative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0612-4
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionospheric convection during the magnetic storm of 20–21 March 1990 (1994)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 12 (1994), S. 1174-1191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on the response of high-latitude ionospheric convection during the magnetic storm of March 20–21 1990. IMP-8 measurements of solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), ionospheric convection flow measurements from the Wick and Goose Bay coherent radars, EISCAT, Millstone Hill and Sondrestrom incoherent radars and three digisondes at Millstone Hill, Goose Bay and Qaanaaq are presented. Two intervals of particular interest have been identified. The first starts with a storm sudden commencement at 2243 UT on March 20 and includes the ionospheric activity in the following 7 h. The response time of the ionospheric convection to the southward turning of the IMF in the dusk to midnight local times is found to be approximately half that measured in a similar study at comparable local times during more normal solar wind conditions. Furthermore, this response time is the same as those previously measured on the dayside. An investigation of the expansion of the polar cap during a substorm growth phase based on Faraday’s law suggests that the expansion of the polar cap was nonuniform. A subsequent reconfiguration of the nightside convection pattern was also observed, although it was not possible to distinguish between effects due to possible changes in By and effects due to substorm activity. The second interval, 1200–2100 UT 21 March 1990, included a southward turning of the IMF which resulted in the Bz component becoming -10 nT. The response time on the dayside to this change in the IMF at the magnetopause was approximately 15 min to 30 min which is a factor of \sim2 greater than those previously measured at higher latitudes. A movement of the nightside flow reversal, possibly driven by current systems associated with the substorm expansion phases, was observed, implying that the nightside convection pattern can be dominated by substorm activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-1174-1
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response of the magnetosphere to the passage of a coronal mass ejection on March 20–21 1990 (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 671-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The geomagnetic response to the passage of a coronal mass ejection (CME) is studied. The passage of the CME resulted in a storm sudden commencement (SSC) at 2243 UT on March 20 1990 with disturbed magnetic activity during the following 24 h. The auroral, sub-auroral and equatorial magnetic response to the southward turning at 1314 (±5) UT on March 21 and the equatorial response to the southward turning associated with the SSC on 20 March are discussed in terms of existing models. It is found that the auroral and sub-auroral response to the southward turning associated with the SSC is a factor 2 or more quicker than normal due to the shock in the solar wind dynamic pressure. The low-latitude response time to the south-ward turning, characterised by Dst and the magneto-pause current corrected Dst*, is una.ected by the shock. Dst and Dst*, characteristic of the equatorial magnetic field, responded to the 1314 (±5) UT southward turning prior to the first observed substorm expansion phase onset, suggesting that a dayside loading process was responsible for the initial enhancement in the ring current rather than nightside particle injection. The response time of the auroral and sub-auroral magnetic field to the southward turning at 1314 (±5) UT on March 21 is measured at a variety of longitudes and latitudes. The azimuthal propagation velocity of the response to the southward turning varied considerably with latitude, ranging from #x0223C;8 km s−1 at 67°N to ∼4 kms−1 at 55°N. The southward velocity of the equatorward boundary of the northern polar convection pattern has been measured. This velocity was ∼1.2 km s−1 at 1600 MLT, although there was evidence that this may vary at different local times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0671-4
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations in the polar cap area during intervals of substorm activity on 20–21 March 1990 deduced from AMIE convection patterns (1996)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 14 (1996), S. 879-887 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The dynamic behaviour of the northern polar cap area is studied employing Northern Hemisphere electric potential patterns derived by the Assimilative Mapping of Ionospheric Electrodynamics (AMIE) procedure. The rate of change in area of the polar cap, which can be defined as the region of magnetospheric field lines open to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), has been calculated during two intervals when the IMF had an approximately constant southward component (1100- 2200 UT, 20 March 1990 and 1300–2100 UT, 21 March 1990). The estimates of the polar cap area are based on the approximation of the polar cap boundary by the flow reversal boundary. The change in the polar cap area is then compared to the predicted expansion rate based on a simple application of Faraday’s Law. Furthermore, timings of magnetospheric substorms are also related to changes in the polar cap area. Once the convection electric field reconfigures following a southward turning of the IMF, the growth rate of the observed polar cap boundary is consistent with that predicted by Faraday’s Law. A delay of typically 20 min to 50 min is observed between a substorm expansion phase onset and a reduction in the polar cap area. Such a delay is consistent with a synthesis between the near Earth neutral line and current disruption models of magnetospheric substorms in which the dipolarisation in the magnetotail may act as a trigger for reconnection. These delays may represent a propagation time between near geosynchronous orbit dipolarisation and subsequent reconnection further down tail. We estimate, from these delays, that the neutral X line occurs between \sim35RE and \sim75RE downstream in the tail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0879-8
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