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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 7-19 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The method to refine crystal structure parameters (atom positions and Debye–Waller factors) using convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED), which is applicable to crystal structure analysis of a small specimen area down to a few nm in diameter, is studied. The line profiles of higher-order Laue-zone reflections are recorded using imaging plates. Theoretical intensities are calculated based on the dynamical theory of electron diffraction with the aid of the generalized Bethe approximation to shorten calculation time. The structural parameters are determined by fitting the experimental profiles with the theoretical ones using a nonlinear least-squares method. The present method has been applied to the low-temperature phase of SrTiO3. The structural parameter or the rotation angle of the oxygen octahedron has been determined to be \varphi = 1.12 (4)°, which shows good agreement with that obtained from electron spin resonance experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 9 (1970), S. 509-516 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Beide Gleichungen für die Viskositätszahl eines ausn identischen Reibungseinheiten aufgebauten und eines ausn verschiedenen Reibungseinheiten aufgebauten Makromoleküls werden gewonnen durch Tensorrechnung ohne denOseenschen Tensor durch den Mittelwert für alle möglichen Orientierungen des Moleküls zu ersetzen. Die erste Gleichung entspricht derKirkwoodschen Gleichung für die Reibungskonstante. Die Gleichung wird erweitert für ein ausn verschiedenen kugelförmigen Einheiten aufgebautes Makromolekül durch diejenige vonBloomfield genannte „shell-model“-Methode, welche das Molekül als eine aus kleinen Reibungseinheiten aufgebaute Oberflächenschale bildet. Die Methode ergibt dieEinsteinsche Gleichung für eine Kugel. Die mittels dieser Methode berechneten Werte werden mit den Meßwerten verglichen. Eine ziemlich gute Übereinstimmung wird erhalten für Myoglobin, Hämoglobin und Hämocyanin. Eür die asymmetrischen Moleküle, z. B. Tabakmosaikvirus und Fibrinogen, ist die Übereinstimmung nicht befriedigend. Die Diskrepanz zwischen der Theorie und dem Experiment ist für die Viskosität größer als für die Translationsreibungskonstante.
    Notes: Summary Both intrinsic viscosity formulae, for macromolecules ofn identical frictional elements and for those ofn different frictional elements are obtained by tensor calculation, without replacing theOseen tensor by its average over all orientations. The first formula corresponds to theKirkwood frictional coefficient formula. The formula is extended for a macromolecule ofn different spherical subunits, on the basis of the shell model method, called byBloomfield, which models the molecule by a surface shell of small spherical frictional elements. The method gives theEinstein equation for a sphere. Finally the calculated values by the shell model for biological molecule is compared with experimental values. Fair agreement is observed for myoglobin, hemoglobin, and hemocyanin. However, for molecules of such an asymmetric shape as tobacco mosaic virus and fibrinogen, agreement is not satisfactory. Discrepancy between theory and experiment is more prominent for viscosity than for translational frictional coefficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 308-311 (May 1999), p. 487-492 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Troglitazone (CS-045) ; insulin secretion ; pancreatic islets ; HIT-T15 cells ; glucose transport ; sulphonylurea receptor ; ATP-sensitive K++ channel.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to elucidate the direct effects of (±)-5-[4-(6-hydroxy-2, 5, 7, 8-tetramethylchroman-2-yl-methoxy) benzyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione (Troglitazone), a newly-developed oral hypoglycaemic agent, on pancreatic beta-cell function, in vitro investigation of isolated rat pancreatic islets and a hamster beta-cell line (HIT cell) were performed. Troglitazone stimulates both glucose, and glibenclamide-induced insulin release at a concentration of 10−6 mol/l in these cells but, conversely, inhibits insulin secretion at 10−4 mol/l. Glucose uptake in HIT cells is similarly enhanced by 10−6 mol/l Troglitazone, but is reduced in the presence of 10−4 mol/l Troglitazone. However, a quantitative immunoblot analysis with a specific antibody for GLUT 2 glucose transporter revealed no significant change in GLUT 2 protein in HIT cells with 10−6 mol/l Troglitazone. Specific binding of [3H]-glibenclamide to beta-cell membranes is replaced by Troglitazone in a non-competitive manner, but 10−6 mol/l Troglitazone failed to eliminate ATP-sensitive K++ channel activity. These results suggest that Troglitazone has a putative non-competitive binding site at, or in the vicinity of, the sulphonylurea receptor in rat pancreatic islets and HIT cells and that the dual effect of Troglitazone on insulin secretory capacity is mediated through the modulation of glucose transport activity, possibly due to the modification of intrinsic activity in glucose transporter in pancreatic beta cells by this novel agent. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 24–30]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Troglitazone (CS-045) ; insulin secretion ; pancreatic islets ; HIT-T15 cells ; glucose transport ; sulphonylurea receptor ; ATP-sensitive K++ channel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to elucidate the direct effects of (±)-5-[4-(6-hydroxy-2, 5, 7, 8-tetramethylchroman-2-yl-methoxy) benzyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione (Troglitazone), a newly-developed oral hypoglycaemic agent, on pancreatic beta-cell function, in vitro investigation of isolated rat pancreatic islets and a hamster beta-cell line (HIT cell) were performed. Troglitazone stimulates both glucose, and glibenclamide-induced insulin release at a concentration of 10−6 mol/l in these cells but, conversely, inhibits insulin secretion at 10−4 mol/l. Glucose uptake in HIT cells is similarly enhanced by 10−6 mol/l Troglitazone, but is reduced in the presence of 10−4 mol/l Troglitazone. However, a quantitative immunoblot analysis with a specific antibody for GLUT 2 glucose transporter revealed no significant change in GLUT 2 protein in HIT cells with 10−6 mol/l Troglitazone. Specific binding of [3H]-glibenclamide to beta-cell membranes is replaced by Troglitazone in a non-competitive manner, but 10−6 mol/l Troglitazone failed to eliminate ATP-sensitive K++ channel activity. These results suggest that Troglitazone has a putative non-competitive binding site at, or in the vicinity of, the sulphonylurea receptor in rat pancreatic islets and HIT cells and that the dual effect of Troglitazone on insulin secretory capacity is mediated through the modulation of glucose transport activity, possibly due to the modification of intrinsic activity in glucose transporter in pancreatic beta cells by this novel agent. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 24–30]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Angiography—Arteriovenous malformation—Embolization—MRI—Vaginal tumor.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Vaginal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), although rare, can lead to life-threatening complications. We report the first case of a vaginal AVM whose diagnosis and follow-up were performed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI findings of the AVM are the blood flow-related features within the tumor, such as the phase-shift artifact, paradoxical enhancement, and flow voids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver, neoplasms—Computed tomography (CT)—Contrast media—Helical.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To determine the optimal phases of dynamic computed tomography (CT) for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Fifty-two patients with 85 HCC nodules were examined by means of unenhanced and triple-phase CT images of the whole liver. The time for obtaining the arterial-phase images was 25–55 s after intravenous bolus injection of contrast material, the time for obtaining the portal venous-phase images was 65–100 s, and the time for obtaining late-phase images was 145 s to 4 min. Detectability of the HCC nodules for all phases was statistically compared. Results: The detection rates for the arterial- and late-phase images were significantly higher than for the unenhanced and portal venous-phase images (p 〈 0.01). The combination of arterial- and late-phase images showed the same number of HCC nodules in the same number of patients as did the combination of unenhanced and triple-phase images. Conclusion: The combination of the arterial- and late-phase imagings was best for detecting HCC nodules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Uterus, cervix, neoplasm—Magnetic resonance, diagnosis. [xm [fs99]
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To identify the reasons for misdiagnosis of the degree of stromal invasion by uterine cervical cancer with various magnetic resonance sequences. Methods: T2-weighted, dynamic, and postcontrast T1-weighted images were obtained in the sagittal plane in 20 patients with uterine cervical cancer. After evaluating these sequences for the degree of stromal invasion, histologic specimens were directly correlated with these images. Results: The degree of stromal invasion was correctly diagnosed in 15 of the 20 cases on T2-weighted images, in 12 on dynamic images, and in eight on postcontrast T1-weighted images. All misdiagnoses were due to overestimation. Histologically, peritumoral stroma showed inflammation or edema in two patients, whereas no histological abnormality was found in the other patients. A hyperintense rim, i.e., a peritumoral enhanced ring-shaped structure, was observed on the enhanced images of five patients. The hyperintense rim corresponded to the periphery of the tumor in three patients and to the cervical stroma in two patients. Conclusion: T2-weighted images permitted the most accurate evaluation of stromal invasion by uterine tumors. Overdiagnosis may be due to an abnormal intensity of the cervical stroma, which was observed more frequently on dynamic and postcontrast T1-weighted images than on T2-weighted images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Vagina ; Non-squamous vaginal neoplasms ; MR imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We reviewed the MR images and pathologic findings of five cases of primary vaginal neoplasms of non-squamous origin. Histologic types consisted one case each of adenocarcinoma, adenosarcoma, melanoma, lymphoma, and neurilemoma. Magnetic resonance imaging was found useful for evaluating the type and the extension of vaginal tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe des Mikrospektrophotometers wurden die Absorptionsspektren im Sichtbaren von Farbstoffkristallen und von Querschnitten der mit Acridin-Orange als freie Base gefärbten Polyvinylalkoholfasern gemessen. Die Kristallspektren zeigen ein scharfes und hohes Maximum bei 450 nm, das der Bande des Farbstoffkristalls zugeordnet werden muß. Die Spektren der Querschnitte gefärbter Fasern zeigen drei Banden: bei 443 nm die Kristallbande, bei 470 nm dieβ-Bande und bei 499 nm die α-Bande. Dies läßt vermuten, daß in den Polyvinylalkoholfasern Kristalle, Aggregate und Monomere des Farbstoffs existieren.
    Notes: Summary The visible absorption spectra of dye crystals and the cross-section of the polyvinyl alcohol fibre dyed with Acridine Orange as free base were measured by means of a microspectrophotometer. The spectra of crystals show a sharp and high maximum at 450 nm which will be referred to as the peak from dye crystals. The spectra of the cross-section of dyed fibre show three peaks of 443 nm (crystals-band), 470 nm (β-band) and 499 nm (α-band). These results suggest that crystals, aggregates and monomer of the dye exist within the dyed polyvinyl alcohol fibre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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