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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • PMMA  (3)
  • tumour necrosis factor α  (2)
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: N-acetylcysteine ; glutathione ; tumour necrosis factor α ; diabetic neuropathy ; motor nerve conduction velocity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, a free radical scavenger and an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF). Because these functions might be beneficial in diabetic complications, in this study we examined whether NAC inhibits peripheral neuropathy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was significantly decreased in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic Wistar rats compared to control rats. Oral administration of NAC reduced the decline of MNCV in diabetic rats. Structural analysis of the sural nerve disclosed significant reduction of fibres undergoing myelin wrinkling and inhibition of myelinated fibre atrophy in NAC-treated diabetic rats. NAC treatment had no effect on blood glucose levels or on the nerve glucose, sorbitol and cAMP contents, whereas it corrected the decreased GSH levels in erythrocytes, the increased lipid peroxide levels in plasma and the increased lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF activity in sera of diabetic rats. Thus, NAC inhibited the development of functional and structural abnormalities of the peripheral nerve in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords N-acetylcysteine ; glutathione ; tumour necrosis factor α ; diabetic neuropathy ; motor nerve conduction velocity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, a free radical scavenger and an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF). Because these functions might be beneficial in diabetic complications, in this study we examined whether NAC inhibits peripheral neuropathy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was significantly decreased in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic Wistar rats compared to control rats. Oral administration of NAC reduced the decline of MNCV in diabetic rats. Structural analysis of the sural nerve disclosed significant reduction of fibres undergoing myelin wrinkling and inhibition of myelinated fibre atrophy in NAC-treated diabetic rats. NAC treatment had no effect on blood glucose levels or on the nerve glucose, sorbitol and cAMP contents, whereas it corrected the decreased GSH levels in erythrocytes, the increased lipid peroxide levels in plasma and the increased lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF activity in sera of diabetic rats. Thus, NAC inhibited the development of functional and structural abnormalities of the peripheral nerve in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 263–269]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 83 (1997), S. 305-313 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Keywords: dynamic crack propagation ; stress intensity factor ; crack velocity ; a cceleration ; polymers ; PMMA ; expoxy ; caustic method.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic crack propagations in PMMA and epoxy specimens were studied using the method of caustics in combination with a Cranz-Schardin type high-speed camera. Single-edge-cracked tensile specimens were fractured under pin-loading conditions so that cracks could experience acceleration, deceleration and re-acceleration stages in one fracture process. The dynamic stress intensity factor K ID, crack velocity a and acceleration a were evaluated in the course of crack propagation to examine the effects of a and a on K ID. Results showed that a and a were important factors in changing the values of K ID, and for constant a the decelerating crack had a larger value of K ID than the accelerating or re-accelerating crack. Also, it was found that K ID could be expressed as two parametric functions of and a for PMMA and epoxy specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 96 (1999), S. 347-360 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Keywords: Dynamic crack propagation ; unloading behavior ; stress intensity factor ; crack velocity ; unloading rate ; brittle polymers ; epoxy ; PMMA ; homalite-100 ; caustic method.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The method of caustics in combination with a Cranz–Schardin high-speed camera was utilized to study dynamic crack propagation and unloading behavior of epoxy, PMMA and Homalite-100 specimens. Dynamic stress intensity factor K ID and crack velocity $$\dot a$$ were evaluated in the course of crack propagation. Caustic patterns at the loading points were also recorded to estimate load P applied to the specimen. Unloading rate $$\dot P$$ , the time derivative of P, was determined as a function of time t, and its time correlation with K ID or $$\dot a$$ was examined. The findings showed that the change in $$\dot P$$ was qualitatively in accord with the change in K ID or $$\dot a$$ . However, there existed slight differences among the values of t giving the maximum $$\dot P$$ , $$\dot a$$ and K ID, so that their order was $$\dot a$$ , $$\dot P$$ and K ID.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 86 (1997), S. 289-300 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Keywords: Polymers ; crack tip ; displacement fields ; moiré interferometry ; PMMA ; PA6/PPE/SBS alloy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Moiré interferometry was utilized to experimentally determine displacement fields around a crack tip in single-edge-cracked tensile PMMA and PA6/PPE/SBS alloy specimens. Vertical displacement v was expressed as functions of distance r and angle θ from the crack tip, and compared with the approximate solution of linear elastic fracture mechanics to study its applicability to polymers. The results showed that the solution agreed with the experiments in the vicinity of a crack tip in the PMMA specimens, but it yielded a discrepancy as r increased. For the alloy specimens, however, the solution gave much smaller values than the experiments. The principle of superposition was employed to determine the values of v*(=v-v′), i.e. the difference between two displacements v and v′ which was related to a uniform strain field without a crack. The expressions for v* and v were also introduced to analyze the effects of r, θ and load P applied to the specimen. v* was found to be an important factor in increasing the displacements near the crack tip, and the v expression well represented the experimental results for both the PMMA and alloy specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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