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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6204-6208 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Changes in the impedance, ≈600%/Oe, at axial fields less than 1 Oe have been observed in the presence of a 90 kHz, few mA current through a soft, nearly zero magnetostrictive wire. In this 125 μm diameter CoFeSiB amorphous wire we observe a total change of 160% at the maxima of the impedance in dc fields less than 2 Oe. A systematic study of the role of induced anisotropy in the axial, circumferential, and helical directions on the magneto-impedance shows that the largest effect is seen in the wire annealed to obtain circumferential easy axis using a 15 mA ac current passing through it. Both the axial hysteresis loops and the observed I-V characteristics reflect the induced anisotropies. The observed dependence of the inductance change on the type of the anisotropy induced in these wires can be modeled in terms of an interplay between the induced anisotropy, reversing ac field, and the axial dc field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 340-342 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nanocrystallized cobalt clusters embedded in a copper matrix exhibiting giant magnetoresistance have been revealed by scanning force and friction microscopy. The microscopic images reported here should be important to understand the magnetic properties of these novel systems. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 3091-3093 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of 200 Å epitaxial Fe (001)/MgO (001) tiling are studied as a function of tile size and separation. For edge sizes above ∼3 μm, the individual tiles maintain the single domain behavior while below ∼3 μm the tiles break into domains due to demagnetizing effects. In addition, below an inter tile separation threshold of about 0.9 μm, a single tile magnetization switch provokes a reversal cascade in all the tiles; while, above this threshold, the individual tile's magnetization switches independently. In this last case, we have experimental access to the distribution of nucleation sites. Thus, we have found a clear signature of the magnetic interaction between patterned epitaxial micro tiles with in-plane magnetization. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2039-2041 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The development of a versatile tool to quantify magnetic anisotropies in continuous and patterned magnetic thin films is reported. The technique involves measuring the magnetooptic response to a rotating magnetic field. Similarly to mechanical torque techniques, a single measurement obtains both the anisotropy constants and their symmetry axes distribution. The technique has been applied to analyze arrays of submicrometer stripe-shaped Fe (001) elements with different interelement separations (s). For s larger than 1 μm, the anisotropy associated with the stripes is independent on separation, with a value of the effective uniaxial anisotropy constant very consistent with theoretical estimations for these systems. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 23 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Streptococcus faecium strain 25 produced a bacteriocin (enterococcin Sf25), metabolized sucrose and contained three plasmids of 2.4, 4.7 and 13.0 MDa. Plasmids Sfp2.4 and Sfp4.7 were cotransferred in a filter mating procedure to sucrose negative and bacteriocin negative S. faecium strain M16. Strain M16 harboured a nonselftransferable plasmid Sfp 19.1 MDa, which was responsible for erythromycin resistance. Transcipient cells of S. faecium M16 contained the 19.1-MDa plasmid and plasmids Sfp2.4 and Sfp4.7, produced the enterococcin Sf25 and gained the ability to degrade sucrose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 20 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Streptococcus faecium strain 3 produced a bacteriocin (enterococcin Sf3) and contained a homogeneous species of plasmid DNA (pJK3) with an Mr of 3.5 · 106. Plasmid pJK3 was transferable in a filter mating procedure to S. faecium M16. The non-bacteriocinogenic strain M16 was susceptible to enterococcin Sf3 and harboured a non-selftransferable 19.1 MDa plasmid, which was responsible for erythromycin resistance. Transcipient cells of S. faecium M16 contained the 19.1 MDa and the pJK3 plasmid, produced the enterococcin Sf3 and were resistant against the inhibitory action of this bacteriocin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 11 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 5 (1994), S. 141-145 
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Personality ; Stress incontinence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Seventy-three multiparous women with stress incontinence were evaluated before and 1 year after anti-incontinence procedures to assess the effects of successful surgical therapy on the personality of patients with genuine stress urinary incontinence. Urodynamic studies were used to assess the urinary incontinence; Taylor-Johnson temperament analysis was used to evaluate the personality characteristics of the subjects; and paired t-tests and t-tests were performed for statistical analysis. Nine of the 73 patients were excluded because of invalid answers on the questionnaire. Of the remaining 64, 57 (89%) were subjectively cured and 51 (80%) were objectively cured. The preoperative temperament evaluation revealed, in all the patients, traits of depressiveness and quietness which were significantly different from the normal range of the average population. Postoperatively, the authors found significantly (P〈0.05) reduced depressiveness and increased social involvement, demonstrativeness and self-discipline only in the women subjectively cured. A trend was noted in terms of psychosocial adaptation between the patients cured and the ones with persistent incontinence. However, due to the small number of failures (n=7) no statistical differences could be demonstrated. It was concluded that women with stress urinary incontinence have increased depressiveness and decreased psychosocial involvement compared to the average population. Successful anti-incontinence procedures significantly improve the psychosocial status of these individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 27 (1998), S. 51-63 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Das Phänomen des Wirbelgleitens wurde erstmals 1782 von Herbinaux als Hindernis im Geburtskanal beschrieben. Es dauerte jedoch noch fast ein Jahrhundert bis die Wirbelkörperverschiebung von Kilian 1854 als Spondylolisthesis bezeichnet wurde [26]. Der Begriff Spondylolisthese ist hergeleitet aus den griechischen Worten “spondylos” (Wirbelkörper) und “olisthesis” (Gleiten). Robert beschrieb 1855 als Ursache dieses Gleitens eine Schädigung im Bereich der pars interarticularis. Im gleichen Jahr hatte Lambl die Spondylolyse als Defekt der pars interarticularis ohne Wirbelkörperverschiebung beschrieben. Neugebauer zeigte dann 1881, daß die Ventralverschiebung des Wirbelkörpers auf einer Elongation der pars interarticularis beruhen kann [25]. Die Spondylolyse ist eine Spaltbildung in der Interartikularportion des Wirbelbogens. In deren Folge kann eine sogenannte Spondylolisthesis – ein Wirbelgleiten – auftreten. Hierbei handelt es sich um das Gleiten eines Wirbelkörpers nach ventral (Abb. 1) Die verbreitetste aktuelle Klassifikation für die Anterolisthesis geht auf Wiltse, Newman und Macnab [42] zurück und unterscheidet eine dysplastische, isthmische, degenerative, traumatische und pathologische Spondylolisthese. Diese Einteilung wurde 1989 durch Wiltse und Rothmann [45] modifiziert und durch eine post-operative Gruppe ergänzt. Fazit: Spondylolyse ist eine Spaltbildung in der Interartikularportion des Wirbelbogens. Sie besteht bei 4,5% der Kinder im Alter bis zu 6 Jahren und bei 6% der Erwachsenen. Bei Leistungssportlern mit wiederholter Lordosierung der Lendenwirbelsäule ist die Rate bis auf 50% erhöht. In Folge einer Spondylolyse kann eine Spondylolisthese auftreten. Die Spondylolisthese ist ein Wirbelgleiten nach ventral. Viele Spondylolysen und Spondylolisthesen bestehen ohne jegliche Beschwerden. Die Notwendigkeit und Art der Behandlung ist vom Alter des Patienten, der Beschwerdesymptomatik und den Auswirkungen auf die Körperstatik abhängig. Bei einer Beschwerdesymptomatik ohne relevante neurologische Ausfälle steht die konservative Therapie, mit Muskelkräftigung und physikalischen Anwendungen sowie ggfs. Ruhigstellung im Gips beziehungsweise Korsett, ganz im Vordergrund. Ausnahmen bilden hier nur weit fortgeschrittene und progrediente Spondylolisthesen. Die operativen Maßnahmen orientieren sich an der Beschwerdeursache. Im Jugendalter steht gewöhnlich die Stabilisierung im Vordergrund. Diese sollte möglichst interkorporell durchgeführt werden. Im Erwachsenenalter, mit vermehrt degenerativen Veränderungen, sind Dekompressionen nervaler Strukturen häufiger notwendig. Aber auch gerade nach Dekompressionen ist häufig eine Stabilisierung mit Durchführung einer Spondylodese indiziert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 28 (1999), S. 579-584 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Key words Lumbar microdiscectomy • Failed back syndrome • Lumbar disc surgery • Percutaneous discectomy • Laserdiscectomy ; Schlüsselwörter Bandscheibenvorfall • Mikrochirurgische Technik • Diskotomie • Operationsmikroskop • Postdiskotomiesyndrom • Perkutane Diskotomie • Laserdiskotomie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Für die Entscheidung, ob ein lumbaler Bandscheibenvorfall konservativ oder operativ behandelt werden soll, ist allein der klinisch/neurologische Befund maßgebend. Die bildgebenden Verfahren sind zweitrangig. Bei gegebener Indikation stehen heute zahlreiche perkutane endoskopische und offene mikrochirurgische Verfahren zur Verfügung. Die Auswahl der geeigneten Methode hängt von der pathologisch/anatomischen Situation des dislozierten Bandscheibengewebes ab. Bei geschlossenem Bandscheibenring sind noch intradiskale perkutane Verfahren wie perkutane Nukleotomie und Laserdekompression möglich. Die Ergebnisse haben in kontrollierten prospektiv randomisierten Studien enttäuscht. Die zwar effektive, jedoch durch Nebenwirkungen und Komplikationen behaftete Chemonukleolyse bleibt zur Zeit als einziges intradiskales Verfahren übrig. Der endoskopische transforaminale oder interlaminäre Zugang zum lumbalen Bandscheibenvorfall befindet sich noch im Experimentierstadium. Kontrollierte Studien fehlen. Wenn offen operiert wird, besteht ein Trend zum mikrochirurgischen Eingriff. Voraussetzung ist eine klare Indikation mit entsprechendem technischem Umfeld und Training zur Durchführung der gewählten Methode.
    Notes: Summary The decision about operative or non-operative treatment of herniated lumbar discs has to be based on the results of clinical and neurological examination. Results of imaging techniques as CT or MRI are secondary. Various percutaneous endoscopic or open techniques have been described. The most appropriate technique is determined by the anatomical situation of the dislocated lumbar disc tissue. Intradiscal percutaneous therapies such as percutaneous nucleotomy and laser decompression are possible, but they revealed poor results in prospective randomized and controlled studies. Chemonucleolysis remains as an effective intradiscal technique at the time, but is afflicted with side effects and complications. Endoscopic transforaminal or interlaminary techniques are still experimental. Whenever open surgery is necessary, microsurgical techniques are preferred. If a certain technique is to be applied, there has to be the correct indication, technical support for and experience in using the choosen method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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