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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Transcranial Doppler sonography ; Duplex scanning ; Arterio-venous malformation ; Real-time sonography ; Transcranial color-coded sonography ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Transcranial color-coded real-time sonography (TCCS) is a new diagnostic method allowing the non-invasive imaging of parenchymal and vascular structures of the adult brain through the intact skull. A description of the sonographic findings in two patients presenting with a radiologically ascertained arterio-venous malformation is provided. The AVM's can be depicted in the two-dimensional B-mode image as echodense areas interspersed with zones of lower echodensity. Their extension correlated with corresponding MRI images. The color-coded illustration of intravascular flow phenomena allowed the distinct identification of the major afferent feeding vessels, the venous drainage and of the vascular convolution of both AVM's. Information on hemodynamics, as e.g. the blood supply of the angioma by the contralateral internal carotid artery, are obtained by color-coded identification of intravascular flow direction including analysis of the Doppler frequency spectrrum. All findings obtained by TCCS complied with those established by angiography. We conclude, that TCCS is a suitable method for early diagnosis and long term follow up of cerebral AVM's.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain tumours ; Ultrasonography ; Computed tomography ; Stereotactic biopsy ; Transcranial colour-coded real time sonography ; Glloma ; Central nervous system ; Duplex sonography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Transcranial colour-coded real-time sonography (TCCS) was carried out in 25 patients with brain tumours to determine whether this noninvasive method provides additional information about the extent of solid tumour, its differentiation from oedema, and its tissue components. All 25 patients had serial computed tomography (CT)-guided stereotactic biopsies. Comparison of ultrasound, CT and histological findings revealed that the vast majority of contrast enhancing areas on CT were hyperechogenic (32/33; 97%) and contained tumour tissue (29/32; 91%). Hyperechogenic areas always represented solid tumour (23/23 patients), even when CT showed low density non-enhancing lesions. In lestons hypoechogenic on TCCS and low density on CT, histology consistently revealed necrotic tumour (7/7). Biopsies obtained from parenchyma with normal echogenicity revealed tumour in only 3 of 16 speciemens. Despite the high specificity of TCCS in the differentiation of tumour components, its sensitivity to tumour was inferior to that of CT (24/25; 96%). TCCS thus allows noninvasive preoperative identification of tumour tissue and its extent setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 42 (2000), S. 9-13 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Haemochromatosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Transcranial ultrasound ; Nucleus, lentiformis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Haemochromatosis is characterised by deposition of iron-containing pigment in various organs, but little is known about possible deposition in the brain and its clinical impact. We therefore investigated 14 patients with hereditary haemochromatosis with MRI, CT and transcranial ultrasound (TCS) and examined them neurologically. In six of the patients dense lesions were found within the lentiform nucleus on CT, all of whom displayed hyperechogenic lesions in the same area on TCS, as did one other patient. In these patients the relative signal intensities of the lentiform nucleus measured by MRI relaxometry were higher. No patient had clinical signs of basal ganglia disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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