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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Dissektion ; Intramurales Hämatom ; Atherom ; Therapie ; Key words Dissection ; Intramural hematoma ; Atheroma ; Therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Improved methods of imaging the cerebral vascular system have increased the detection of traumatic or spontaneous dissection of the vertebral and carotid arteries. Especially MRI allows direct demonstration of intramural hematomas that are a sign of dissection of the vessel wall. We report on a patient who had an acute onset of dysarthria and monocular blurred vision, which recurred several times. Doppler ultrasound showed stenosis in both internal carotid arteries with reduced velocity of the flow; angiography confirmed the stenosis, showing a long stretch of stenosis (70%) of the right and a short stretch of stenosis (60%) of the left internal carotid arteries. MRI demonstrated a narrowing of the lumen by an intramural mass, whose signal characteristics were typical for blood. The MRI findings were thus consistent with the diagnosis of a spontaneous dissection of the carotid arteries. Since the Doppler ultrasound follow-up showed no change during the following 3 days, we interpreted the MRI findings as an indication of bleeding in an atheroma. The carotid disobliteration, performed first on the left side and later on the right side, confirmed this interpretation. Since stenosis due to a fissuring atheroma or bleeding in an atheroma requires different therapy than a dissection, it is thus important to consider the possible differential diagnosis in interpreting the MRI.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Durch die Fortschritte in den bildgebenden Verfahren werden traumatische, bzw. spontane Dissektionen der A. carotis und der A. vertebralis zunehmend häufiger diagnostiziert. Insbesondere die Magnetresonanztomographie ermöglicht dabei einen direkten Nachweis von intramuralen Hämatomen als Zeichen der Dissektion. Wir berichten nun über einen Patienten, der akut beginnend und im Verlauf rezidivierend eine Dysarthrie sowie monokuläre Sehstörungen des linken Auges bemerkte. Dopplersonographisch fand sich beidseits, rechts betont, eine im Bulbus der A. carotis communis beginnende, bis in die A. carotis interna reichende Stenose, in der arteriellen digitalen Subtraktionsangiographie eine langstreckige etwa 70%ige A.-carotis-interna-Stenose rechts und eine kurzstreckige etwa 60%ige Stenose links. Diese Befunde ließen sowohl an eine ausgeprägte arteriosklerotische Makroangiopathie als auch an eine Dissektion denken. In der Kernspintomographie fand sich dann eine verdickte Gefäßwand der A. carotis interna beidseits mit einem schmalen Restlumen. Dieses wurde beidseits von in der T1w-Gewichtung mit selektiver Fettunterdrückung hyperintensivem Gewebe, am ehesten einem intramuralen Hämatom entsprechend, eingeengt. Dieser Befund ließ dann an eine beidseitige Dissektion der A. carotis interna denken. Auf Grund der in der Duplexsonographie über Tage unveränderten Befunde wurde das Bild dann als eine Einblutung in Wandatherome beidseits bei arteriosklerotischer Makroangiopathie gewertet und der Patient wegen der rezidivierenden, hämodynamisch bedingten Symptomatik operiert. Bei der zweizeitig durchgeführten Karotisdesobliteration beidseits bestätigte sich der Verdacht auf intramurale Atherome. Intramurale Atherome mit oder ohne Einblutung sind eine kernspintomographische Differentialdiagnose zu intramuralen Hämatomen bei Karotisdissektion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Astrocytoma ; brain neoplasm ; outcome ; prognosis ; epilepsy ; radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 50 adult supratentorial low-grade astrocytomas operated upon between 1984 and 1988 were analysed retrospectively with respect to postoperative condition and progression-free survival. Pilocytic lesions were excluded. In 32 instances the tumour was macroscopically completely removed and partially in 4. In 14 cases a stereotactic biopsy was performed only. 10 patients received postoperative radiotherapy with 55 to 65 Gy. 1 patient died perioperatively from pulmonary embolism. 39 patients could resume their previous activities after discharge from the hospital, 10 were significantly disabled by neurological deficit, reduced neuropsychological performance or medically intractable epilepsy. Postoperatively, most patients required continuous anti-epileptic medication. 10 recurrences or tumour progressions of incompletely removed or merely biopsied lesions were observed within the mean follow-up period of 22 months. All recurrences after gross total removal, that were reoperated, had progressed to a malignant glioma. Of the prognostic tumour characteristics analysed, a histologically well-delineated tumour demarcation was most clearly associated with a favourable prognosis. Concerning treatment modalities, gross total resection was associated with a favourable prognosis. Radiotherapy was associated with an unfavourable outcome but this is probably due to selection of otherwise unfavourable cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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