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  • Electronic Resource  (2)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (metabolism)  (1)
  • Hydroxyapatite  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cerebrospinal fluid and plasma concentrations of γ-trace and β2-microglobulin at various ages and in neurological disorders (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 223 (1980), S. 159-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid proteins (analysis) ; β2-microglobulin ; Bloodbrain barrier ; Cerebrospinal fluid (metabolism) ; Age factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Konzentration von γ-Trace und β2-Mikroglobulin wurde in Liquor und Plasma von 64 Personen unterschiedlichen Alters bestimmt, welche keine Zeichen einer organischen Störung des ZNS aufwiesen. Es zeigte sich ein enger Zusammenhang zwischen der Liquorkonzentration von γ-Trace und dem Alter der betreffenden Person, wobei Neugeborene einen 3–4fach höheren Wert als Erwachsene aufwiesen. Eine ähnliche, jedoch weniger ausgeprägte Altersabhängigkeit wurde für die Konzentration von β2-Mikroglobulin im Liquor festgestellt. Die Plasmakonzentration der beiden Proteine variierte ebenfalls je nach Alter der Person, die Schwankungen waren jedoch nicht so deutlich wie im Liquor. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, daß es dringend erforderlich ist, für die Bestimmung der Proteine in Liquor und Plasma Kontrollwerte aus der betreffenden Altersgruppe zu verwenden. Zusätzlich wurden 13 Kinder und 98 Erwachsene mit neurologischen Erkrankungen untersucht. Signifikant erhöhte Liquorwerte von γ-Trace und β2-Mikroglobulin, eine erhöhte Plasmakonzentration von γ-Trace sowie ein erhöhter Liquor/Plasma-Gradient für β2-Mikroglobulin wurden bei Infektionskrankheiten gefunden. Bei cerebrovasculären Erkrankungen waren die γ-Trace-Konzentration im Plasma und der β2-Mikroglobulin-Wert im Liquor erhöht. Die Mechanismen der Proteinregulierung im Liquor werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The concentrations of γ-trace and β2-microglobulin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma were determined in 64 individuals of various ages without signs of organic disorder in the central nervous system (CNS). A strong connection was found between the CSF level of γ-trace and the age of the individual, with the CSF level of newborns being 3–4 times that of adults. A similar, but less marked, connection was found for the CSF level of β2-microglobulin and the age of the individual. The plasma levels of the two proteins also varied with the age of the individual, but the variations were not as great as those of the CSF levels. The results strongly emphasize the necessity of using age-matched reference values when CSF and plasma levels of the proteins are to be evaluated in different groups of patients. thirteen children and 98 adults with various neurological disorders were also examined. Significantly increased CSF levels of γ-trace and β2-microglobulin as well as increased plasma concentration of γ-trace and CSF/plasma gradient of β2-microglobulin were found in infectious disorders. Increased γ-trace concentration in plasma and β2-microglobulin concentration in CSF were seen in cerebrovascular disorders. The mechanisms which regulate the turnover of proteins in CSF are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313180
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface modification of hydroxyapatite to avoid bacterial adhesion (1991)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 269 (1991), S. 1295-1302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Hydroxyapatite ; hydrophilization ; poly(ethylene glycol) ; cellulose derivative ; biofouling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Hydroxyapatite was surface-modified by adsorption of nonionic polymers carrying phosphate groups as anchoring groups. A combination of alcohol ethoxylate and alkyl phosphate was also used. The possibility of interfering with early microbial colonization on apatite, mimicking the tooth surface, was investigated using radiolabelledStreptococcus mutans as model bacteria. The polymers, a nonionic cellulose ether and an EO/PO block copolymer based on polyglycerol as starting alcohol, were effective in buffer but gave only limited reduction of bacterial adhesion when the apatite had been pretreated with saliva. A 1∶1 molar mixture of alcohol ethoxylate and alkyl phosphate was effective both with and without saliva, however. Studies with14C-labeled compounds, as well as microelectrophoresis experiments, indicate that an unsymmetrical double layer is formed on the apatite surface with predominantly alkyl phosphate in the inner layer and with alcohol ethoxylate pointing towards the water phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652539
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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