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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mechanisms of oxygen free radical-induced cell injury in cultured heart muscle cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine 9 (1990), S. 111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0891-5849
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0891-5849(90)90570-9
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    hrSOD does not prevent bacterial translocation (BT) in a baboon polytrauma model
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine 9 (1990), S. 156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0891-5849
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0891-5849(90)90733-Y
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of phosphatidylcholines in rabbit lung lavage fluid by positive and negative ion fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 562 (1991), S. 257-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-4347(91)80583-X
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mechanisms in acute septic cardiomyopathy: Evidence from isolated myocytes (1991)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 86 (1991), S. 411-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Schlagwort(e): heart musclecells ; sepsis ; tumor necrosisfactor ; Pseudomonas exotoxin A ; β-adrenoceptor/G protein/adenylate cyclasesystem ; cardiodepressant factors
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Although often not considered, the heart is one of the targets of multiple organ failure in sepsis and septic shock, with myocardial depression being a prominent component of this “acute septic cardiomyopathy”. Hypotheses concerning the etiology of this depression are increasingly elucidated on a cellular level, including dysfunction of the β-adrenoceptor/G protein/adenylate cyclase system, calcium channel blockade by cardiodepressant factor, contractile impairment by activated leucocytes, as well as inhibition of protein synthesis by Pseudomonas exotoxin A. In the search for “mechanisms of myocardial depression in sepsis”, isolated cardiomyocytes may play a role as research tools with respect to: a) discrimination between direct and indirect cardiodepressant effects; b) identifying not only the acute, but also chronic toxin- and mediator-induced cardiodepression; c) clarification of the mechanism of action of cardiodepressant bacterial toxins and sepsis mediators; d) establishment of in vitro models of leucocyte-mediated cardiodepressann in sepsis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02190709
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Animal Models as the Basis of Pharmacologic Intervention in Trauma and Sepsis Patients (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 487-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. With limited resources and the current concerns about using animals for research purposes, the needs must be clear when setting up trauma and sepsis experiments for pharmacologic interventions. Such interventions are performed typically for four reasons: (1) to study the pathophysiologic role of certain mediators (which can be influenced by pharmacologic agents); (2) to study the therapeutic efficacy of treatment strategies; (3) to study the overall safety of new drugs under trauma/sepsis conditions, which are adjunct studies to standard toxicology; (4) to test new diagnostic procedures in a defined trauma or sepsis setting. Intervention in the inflammatory response may be performed at several levels: (1) at the primary induction site (e.g., by antilipopolysaccharide or by preventing complement activation); (2) at the intermediate mediator level (e.g., by antitumor necrosis factor); (3) at the final mediator level (e.g., by block of polymorphonuclear neutrophil elastase, and (4) at the target (e.g., by membrane stabilization or enhanced antioxidant defense).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900077
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mediators of Injury and Inflammation (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 406-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Mediators play a key role in the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and multiple organ failure of vital organs. In this short review, we update our knowledge on these mediator networks. First, we summarize the stimuli that occur during severe trauma (intraoperative stress), including polymorphonuclear neutrophil-derived tissue-damaging substances, complement activation products, and adherence molecules such as selectins. The gut in shock is discussed as an important intermediate step in the transition from noninfectious to infectious SIRS. Second, we describe the mediators, including cytokines, nitric oxide, phospholipase A2, platelet-activating factor, and procoagulatory substances, that are released during sepsis. The release of mediators depends primarily on the severity of the trauma, shock, or sepsis and secondarily on the activation of the various cascades of mediators during posttraumatic/postoperative complications. The mediators are thus of decisive importance regarding the intensity of organ damage and the outcome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900064
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Red cell count dependence of whole blood granulocyte luminescence (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 163-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Luminescence ; Blood bactericidal activity ; Phagocytosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary To evaluate phagocytosis of granulocyte, chemiluminescence (CL) — measurements were done in whole blood specimen. By this method much less variation (22% versus 84%) could be achieved in the whole blood specimen compared with isolated granulocytes. The quenching of CL by erythrocytes, which is dependent on the quotient erythrocytes/granulocytes, could be significantly reduced by dilution (1:5,000). Optimized reaction conditions were selected (approx. 5 × more sensitive then previous protocols) to evaluate the phagocytic activity of the few remaining granulocytes (approx. 2,000/ml) with routine luminometers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01486371
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Experimental osteoinduction in rats: Collagen-apatite versus osteogenin-containing gelatine (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 106 (1987), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung In einer experimentellen Untersuchung an der Ratte wurden die osteoregenerativen Eigenschaften von Collagen-Apatit (Collapat) geprüft und mit der Osteogenin-Containing-Gelatine abhängigen Osteoinduktion verglichen. Die Prüfsubstanzen wurden orthotop (7 mm ∅ Trepanationsdefekt) und heterotop (paravertebrale Muskulatur, Bauchwand) implantiert. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv histologisch und enzymatisch quantitativ (alkalische Phosphatase). Collapat bewirkte keine Osteoinduktion im Weichteillager und führte nicht zur Knochendefektheilung, sondern zeigte in allen Fällen ein Fremdköorpergranulationsgewebe ohne Osteogenese. OCG führt zur Knochenneubildung in der Muskulatur innerhalb von drei Wochen, verbunden mit einem signifikanten Anstieg der alkalischen Phosphatase, und zur ausgedehnten Knochenbildung im Trepanationsdefekt innerhalb vier Wochen. Diese Defekte heilten in keinem Fall, wenn keine Substanz implantiert wurde. Der Wert der klinischen Applikation von Collapat erscheint deshalb zweifelhaft; die Osteoinduktion mittels OCG bedarf weiterer experimenteller Untersuchungen.
    Notizen: Summary An experimental study in rats was done to investigate the bone-regenerating properties of collagen apatite (Collapat) and to compare it with osteoinduction dependent on osteogenin-containing gelatine (OCG). The test substances were implanted orthotopically (calvarial defect — 7 mm in diameter) and heterotopically (paravertebral muscles, abdominal muscles). The results were evaluated histologically and enzymatically (alkaline phosphatase). Collapat caused neither osteoinduction in the heterotopic site nor healing of the bone defects. Foreign body reaction without new bone formation was encountered. OCG implantation leads to new bone formation in the muscles within 3 weeks, associated with a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, and to extensive new bone formation in the calvarial defect within 4 weeks. The defects did not heal if left empty. The value of clinical application of Collapat appears to be doubtful. Osteoinduction with OCG requires further experimental investigation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435424
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decalcified and undecalcified cancellous bone block implants do not heal diaphyseal defects in dogs (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 111 (1991), S. 47-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In a previous study it has been shown that granulae of decalcified bone matrix do not induce bony healing of 8-week-old mid-diaphyseal defects in dogs. The aim of this study was to test whether osteoinduction combined with the osteoconductive mechanisms provided by the natural structure of cancellous bone blocks would yield better results. A 30-mm-long diaphyseal defect of the left ulna was created in eight adult mongrel dogs and the bone was stabilized with a plate. A Silastic spacer was inserted in the defect for 8 weeks, followed by implantation of frozen undecalcified or decalcified allogeneic cancellous bone blocks for 16 weeks. Healing was analyzed using morphologic methods. At 16 weeks after implantation all grafts had been resorbed. In the decalcified group one defect healed, while none in the other group did so. The implant material was bioassayed in nude rats for osteoinductivity, which was found to be low in decalcified matrix and not detectable in undecalcified bone. Conclusion: Allogeneic cancellous bone blocks, demineralized or not, have no osteoinductive capacity and no osteoconductive function that promotes healing of mid-diaphyseal bone defects in dogs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390194
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The inflammatory basis of trauma/shock-associated multiple organ failure (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 201-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Complement — Neutrophil — Adhesion — Cytokines — Bacteria/endotoxin translocation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Multiple alterations in inflammatory and immunologic function have been demonstrated in clinical and experimental situations after trauma and hemorrhage, in particular the activation of various humoral (e.g. complement, coagulation) and cellular systems (neutrophils, endothelial cells, macrophages). As a consequence of this activation process there is synthesis, expression and release of numerous mediators (toxic oxygen species, proteolytic enzymes, adherence molecules, cytokines), which may produce a generalized inflammation and tissue damage in the body. Mediators are responsible for ongoing interactions of different cell types and for amplification effects through their networks and feedback cycles, finally leading to a sustained inflammation and multiple organ damage in the body. In the setting of trauma/shock, many activators including bacterial as well as non-bacterial factors may be present that will induce local and systemic inflammatory responses. Although the potential role of bacteria/endotoxin translocation and its clinical relevance remains controversial, many lines of evidence support the concept that the gut may be the reservoir for systemic sepsis and subsequent MOF in a number of pathophysiologic states.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050318
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