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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inflammatory basis of trauma/shock-associated multiple organ failure (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 201-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Complement — Neutrophil — Adhesion — Cytokines — Bacteria/endotoxin translocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Multiple alterations in inflammatory and immunologic function have been demonstrated in clinical and experimental situations after trauma and hemorrhage, in particular the activation of various humoral (e.g. complement, coagulation) and cellular systems (neutrophils, endothelial cells, macrophages). As a consequence of this activation process there is synthesis, expression and release of numerous mediators (toxic oxygen species, proteolytic enzymes, adherence molecules, cytokines), which may produce a generalized inflammation and tissue damage in the body. Mediators are responsible for ongoing interactions of different cell types and for amplification effects through their networks and feedback cycles, finally leading to a sustained inflammation and multiple organ damage in the body. In the setting of trauma/shock, many activators including bacterial as well as non-bacterial factors may be present that will induce local and systemic inflammatory responses. Although the potential role of bacteria/endotoxin translocation and its clinical relevance remains controversial, many lines of evidence support the concept that the gut may be the reservoir for systemic sepsis and subsequent MOF in a number of pathophysiologic states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050318
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Red cell count dependence of whole blood granulocyte luminescence (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 163-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Luminescence ; Blood bactericidal activity ; Phagocytosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To evaluate phagocytosis of granulocyte, chemiluminescence (CL) — measurements were done in whole blood specimen. By this method much less variation (22% versus 84%) could be achieved in the whole blood specimen compared with isolated granulocytes. The quenching of CL by erythrocytes, which is dependent on the quotient erythrocytes/granulocytes, could be significantly reduced by dilution (1:5,000). Optimized reaction conditions were selected (approx. 5 × more sensitive then previous protocols) to evaluate the phagocytic activity of the few remaining granulocytes (approx. 2,000/ml) with routine luminometers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01486371
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of oxygen free radical-induced cell injury in cultured heart muscle cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine 9 (1990), S. 111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0891-5849
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0891-5849(90)90570-9
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    hrSOD does not prevent bacterial translocation (BT) in a baboon polytrauma model
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine 9 (1990), S. 156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0891-5849
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0891-5849(90)90733-Y
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of phosphatidylcholines in rabbit lung lavage fluid by positive and negative ion fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 562 (1991), S. 257-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-4347(91)80583-X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral nerve repair with nerve growth factor and fibrin matrix (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of plastic surgery 17 (1994), S. 228-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0130
    Keywords: Nerve ; Regeneration Rat ; Growth factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A fibrin sealant matrix (FS) with or without a nerve growth factor (NGF) has been used to improve the recovery of severed peripheral nerves, and these have been compared with the results of using only the standard epineural suture (SUT). Regeneration in the early phase (up to 6 days) was measured by the pinch test. The functional recovery process (up to 12 weeks) was evaluated by serial gait track analysis. Longitudinal sections of the nerve specimens were submitted to immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody against neurofilament. In addition, the release of the NGF from the NGF-FS matrix in vitro was investigated by ELISA. The regeneration of the leading sensory fibers was significantly faster in both FS groups (with and without NGF) than in the SUT group at 3 and 4 days postoperatively. The behavioural data expressed by the sciatic function index (SFI) and the toe spreading index (TSI) indicated significant improvement in NGF-FS group at the 9th week postoperatively (p〈0.05). Histologically, good and excellent outgrowth of neurites was encountered in both the NGF-FS and FS groups, while most of the results from SUT group were poor to satisfactory. In vitro, a peak of NGF release was seen within 18 h; afterwards, release remained slow for two weeks. It has been concluded that local application of a combination of FS and NGF may be useful for neuritic regeneration and subsequent functional recovery; the fibrin matrix itself may be beneficial for neuritic sprouting in the early phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208835
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mediators of Injury and Inflammation (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 406-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Mediators play a key role in the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and multiple organ failure of vital organs. In this short review, we update our knowledge on these mediator networks. First, we summarize the stimuli that occur during severe trauma (intraoperative stress), including polymorphonuclear neutrophil-derived tissue-damaging substances, complement activation products, and adherence molecules such as selectins. The gut in shock is discussed as an important intermediate step in the transition from noninfectious to infectious SIRS. Second, we describe the mediators, including cytokines, nitric oxide, phospholipase A2, platelet-activating factor, and procoagulatory substances, that are released during sepsis. The release of mediators depends primarily on the severity of the trauma, shock, or sepsis and secondarily on the activation of the various cascades of mediators during posttraumatic/postoperative complications. The mediators are thus of decisive importance regarding the intensity of organ damage and the outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900064
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Animal Models as the Basis of Pharmacologic Intervention in Trauma and Sepsis Patients (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 487-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. With limited resources and the current concerns about using animals for research purposes, the needs must be clear when setting up trauma and sepsis experiments for pharmacologic interventions. Such interventions are performed typically for four reasons: (1) to study the pathophysiologic role of certain mediators (which can be influenced by pharmacologic agents); (2) to study the therapeutic efficacy of treatment strategies; (3) to study the overall safety of new drugs under trauma/sepsis conditions, which are adjunct studies to standard toxicology; (4) to test new diagnostic procedures in a defined trauma or sepsis setting. Intervention in the inflammatory response may be performed at several levels: (1) at the primary induction site (e.g., by antilipopolysaccharide or by preventing complement activation); (2) at the intermediate mediator level (e.g., by antitumor necrosis factor); (3) at the final mediator level (e.g., by block of polymorphonuclear neutrophil elastase, and (4) at the target (e.g., by membrane stabilization or enhanced antioxidant defense).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900077
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    169. Experimentelle Untersuchungen mit Knochenzementen (1976)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 342 (1976), S. 621-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Hip ; Bone cement ; Embolism, fat ; Knochenzement ; Hüfte ; Fett ; Embolie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch das Einpressen von Knochenzement in den Markraum des Oberschenkelknochens, kommt es zu akuten Drucksteigerungen. Die Folge ist eine Mark- und Fettintravasation, welche zu einer mechanischen Blockade der Mikrozirkulation in der Lunge führt. Ebenso kommt es auch zum Übertritt von thromboplastischen Substanzen. Eine rechtsventrikuläre Ausflußblockade, die zum akuten Cor pulmonale führen kann, ist möglich. Als prophylaktische Maßnahme, Druckausgleich im Markraum durch Drainage und Sog, sowie die Anwendung eines natürlichen Proteinaseninhibitors Aprotinin zur Hemmung des Thrombocytensturzes wird empfohlen.
    Notes: Summary The pressing of bone cement into the medullary space of the femur causes acute presure increases. The consequence is a marrow and fat intravasation leading to mechanical blocking of the microcirculation in the lung, which also entails the transfer of thromboplastic substances. A ventricular obstruction of the outflow is possible. As a prophylactic measure, pressure compensation within the medullary space by means of drainage and suction is recommended, as is the application of the natural proteinase inhibitor aprotinin to prevent a fall in the platelet count.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01267517
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    166. Experimentelle und klinische Untersuchungen der gewebeständigen Plasminogenaktivatoren nach Polytrauma (1976)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 342 (1976), S. 619-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Polytrauma ; Plasminogen activator ; Fibrinolysis ; Polytrauma ; Plasminogenaktivator ; Fibrinolyse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Vorhandensein des gewebeständigen Plasminogenaktivators nach Polytrauma wurde experimentell bei Ratten und klinisch bei Patienten fibrinolyseautographisch nachgewiesen. Nach Gabe des natürlichen Proteinaseninhibitors Aprotinin war der gewebeständige Aktivator unvermindert vorhanden, während eine Applikation des synthetischen Fibrinolyseinhibitors trans-Amcha den Aktivatorgehalt in den Rattenlungen reduzierte. Der Plasminogenspiegel der Patienten war normal und gewährleistet zusammen mit dem Gewebeaktivator die Voraussetzung für eine ungestörte Fibrinolyse nach Polytrauma.
    Notes: Summary The presence of the tissue-bound plasminogen activators during the posttraumatic period was shown by fibrinolysis-autography in experimental studies in rats and clinically in patients. After application of the natural proteinase inhibitor Aprotinin the tissue-bound activator was not reduced, whereas the application of the synthetic fibrinolysis inhibitor trans-Amcha decreased the activator content in the lungs of rats. Plasminogen values were in the normal range. The presence of plasminogen and its substrate, the tissue-bound activator, is an adequate condition for a normal fibrinolysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01267514
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