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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoconducting properties of a ladder polymer (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 3938-3941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electronic properties of the ladder polymer BBL are investigated using steady state and transient photoconductivity techniques. The photocurrent response of the polymer film in the surface cell and sandwich cell configurations are compared along with the absorption spectra and the results correlated with the surface and bulk morphology. The steady state photocurrent shows a nonlinear response with respect to the electric field, and the photocurrent spectral response is accompanied by a significant tailing in the infrared region. The photocurrent is also studied as a function of photon intensity and chopper frequency. A long lived transient photocurrent ((approximately-greater-than)100 ms) is present on exposure to nanosecond laser pulses revealing the presence of deep traps. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358574
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of sun protection factors. Correlation between in vivo human studies and an in vitro skin cast method (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 10 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sun protection factors were determined by both an in vitro method which used resin casts taken from replicas of human skin and by an in vivo SPF method. Thirty-eight product development samples were tested for the level of sun protection using both methods and the results were compared. The values obtained showed a positive relationship which was closely approximated by a log-linear regression of in vivo data on in vitro data (regression coefficient, r2= 0.86).It is concluded that the cast technique is quick, convenient, inexpensive and in its present form useful for screening sunscreen products prior to in vivo SPF testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1988.tb00009.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collaborative development of a sun protection factor test method: a proposed European Standard. COLIPA Task Force ‘Sun Protection Measurement’, Europe (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 18 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Standardization of the method to determine sun protection factors (SPF) is fundamental to uniform labelling of SPF values on sun products. The COLIPA Task Force ‘Sun Protection Measurement’(SPM), including representatives of major European sun-product manufacturers and contract testing laboratories, was established in 1990 to define methods for sun products testing. The process involved in developing the COLlPA SPF Test Method started with a critical appraisal of previously existing methods, and identification of areas for improvement. Experiments were performed by the participating laboratories to establish the new recommended test protocol which was then confirmed in two multicentred ring tests. Improvements to test methodology included the number and selection of volunteers and skin types, the application of the product, the definition of W output from solar simulators, and the method for assessing erythemal response (MED) including an option to use colorimetry to define objectively the ‘erythemal threshold’ of skin and to predetermine MED prior to exposure. Four cosmetic formulations and neutral density physical filters (SPF from 4 to 20) were tested in two ring tests. Results showed that variations in SPF of the cosmetic products were, on average, directly proportional to SPF value. An excellent correlation was found between visual and colorimetric SPF assessments (r = 0.99). An acceptable range of values for low and high SPF standard products was also established. The COLIPA SPF test method is now fully defined and supported by experimental data. Its use will harmonize SPF testing throughout Europe and help in the quest for global harmonization in testing sun products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1996.tb00151.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN EVALUATION OF HUMAN PLACENTAL LACTOGEN LEVELS IN HYPERTENSION OF PREGNANCY (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 82 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Maternal plasma levels of human placental lactogen (HPL) are decreased in hypertensive pregnancies and the concentration is related to the severity of the condition. Of infants who had HPL concentrations in the fetal danger zone (more than 2 SD's below normal mean) 75 per cent developed fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia or were light for dates. Patients who are identified in this way have lighter infants and placentae than their unidentified counterparts with normal HPL levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00633.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Audit of workload in gynaecology: analysis of time trends from linked statistics (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 98 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective— To report on trends in workload patterns in gynaecology using linked statistical data.Design— Retrospective analysis of linked abstracts of hospital inpatient and day-case records for patients treated in the National Health Service in gynaecology.Setting— Six health districts in the south of England covered by the Oxford record linkage study.Subjects— Records for hospital admissions to gynaecology (excluding obstetric admissions) from 1975 to 1985.Measurement and main results— Inpatient episodes increased by 23.5% and day case episodes increased by 13.1%. More people treated contributed about 90% and increased readmissions contributed about 10% to the increase in workload. The workload was decreased by strike action in 1975 and 1981–2. Average length of stay decreased substantially and consistently over the 11 years. Emergency readmissions increased annually by an average of 2.7%. Admission rates in 11 groups of surgical procedures accounting for 85% of all gynaecological inpatients are reported, and increases occurred in 10 of the 11 groups. For example, average increases in annual admission rates were 1.0% for sterilization, 1.9% for legal abortion and 8.2% for biopsy of the cervix, the rate for dilatation and curettage decreased by 1.4%.Conclusions— The increase in admission rates in gynaecology was almost entirely due to increases in numbers of people treated. The rise would have been even greater if the increase in private patients had been considered. The increase may reflect increased expectations on the part of patients and their doctors, advances in technology and increased bed availability due to declining lengths of stay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1991.tb13481.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The physiological and clinical effects of progesterone inhibition with mifepristone (RU 486) in the second trimester (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 97 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial was performed in 20 primigravidae to assess the physiological and clinical effects of oral mifepristone on myometrial contractility and sensitivity in the second trimester. Ten women received 600 mg of oral mifepristone and 10 women a placebo 24 h before abortion was induced in both groups, with extra-amniotic PGE2 instillation. Intrauterine pressure recordings demonstrated increased spontaneous uterine activity and increased sensitivity to PGE2 and ergometrine, but no change in oxytocin sensitivity after mifepristone treatment. There were no significant differences in PGE or PGF metabolite concentrations in peripheral maternal plasma over the 24-h study period after treatment between the mifepristone and placebo groups. The mean induction abortion interval in the mifepristone group was 512 (SD 321) min compared with 1128 (SD 606) min in the placebo group (P≤0.02). The mechanism whereby mifepristone provokes enhanced uterine contractility and sensitivity to prostaglandins, with a reduction in abortion times, does not appear to be through endogenous production of PGE or PGF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02517.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-utero intravascular transfusion of the fetus for the management of severe Rhesus isoimmunization—a reappraisal (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 94 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Ten fetuses, severely affected by Rhesus (D) haemolytic disease, received one to three intravascular blood transfusions at between 18 and 30 weeks gestation, with the use of fetoscopically guided needles into one of the umbilical cord vessels. Although the technique was successfully accomplished in all cases, the fetal response to the procedure was varied. Only two fetuses survived beyond the neonatal period, and one child subsequently died principally because of the problems resulting from premature delivery. The reason for the low rate of survival has been explored and the continued use of the method described is now questioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb02291.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serial fetal blood sampling for the management of pregnancies complicated by severe rhesus (D) isoimmunization (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 95 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Fifty-one pregnancies complicated by rhesus (D) isoimmunization have been managed by serial fetal blood sampling between 17 and 36 weeks gestation as an alternative to amniocentesis for ΔOD453 measurements. In 36 pregnancies where the fetus was shown to be rhesus (D) positive and both measurements were made before any intrauterine fetal transfusions, the ΔOD453 value gave misleading predictions on 13 of 63 occasions (21%). Fetal haematocrit estimations provided a direct assessment of the haemopoietic compensation occurring, but fetal bilirubin and albumin concentrations did not correlate directly with disease severity. It is proposed that pregnancies complicated by severe isoimmunization can be more precisely managed by serial fetal blood sampling for haematocrit estimation than amniocentesis for ΔOD453 measurement thus avoiding unnecessary intervention or delayed treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1988.tb06548.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in maternal and fetal blood, and amniotic fluid in second trimester pregnancies complicated by neural tube defects (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 99 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To investigate maternal and fetal folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in pregnancies affected by neural tube defects (NTD).Design Measurement of folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in amniotic fluid, fetal blood and maternal blood samples in midgestation.Subjects 32 women undergoing termination of pregnancy at 14–21 weeks gestation for social reasons (n = 24) or for fetuses with neural tube defects(n = 8).Interventions Fetoscopy before intra-amniotic injection of prostaglandins.Results In normal pregnancies there was a positive correlation between maternal and fetal serum folate, and the fetal serum and red blood cell folate concentrations were higher than the maternal. There were no differences in amniotic fluid, maternal blood or fetal blood folate concentrations between pregnancies with NTD and normal pregnancies. Although amniotic fluid vitamin B12 was lower in pregnancies with NTD, maternal serum vitamin B12 concentration was not reduced.Conclusion In this small group of pregnancies with NTD at mid-gestation there is no evidence to suggest folate or vitamin B12 deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1992.tb14386.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual Case of Hydatidiform Mole, Dealt with by Abdominal Hysterectomy. (1913)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 24 (1913), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1913.tb13907.x
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