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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 93 (1989), S. 2181-2184 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The filamentous bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor undergoes a complex process of morphological differentiation involving the formation of a dense lawn of aerial hyphae that grow away from the colony surface into the air to form an aerial mycelium. Bald mutants of S. coelicolor, which are blocked in aerial mycelium formation, regain the capacity to erect aerial structures when exposed to a small hydrophobic protein called SapB, whose synthesis is temporally and spatially correlated with morphological differentiation. We now report that SapB is a surfactant that is capable of reducing the surface tension of water from 72 mJ m−2 to 30 mJ m−2 at a concentration of 50 μg ml−1. We also report that SapB, like the surface-active peptide streptofactin produced by the species S. tendae, was capable of restoring the capacity of bald mutants of S. tendae to erect aerial structures. Strikingly, a member (SC3) of the hydrophobin family of fungal proteins involved in the erection of aerial hyphae in the filamentous fungus Schizophyllum commune was also capable of restoring the capacity of S. coelicolor and S. tendae bald mutants to erect aerial structures. SC3 is unrelated in structure to SapB and streptofactin but, like the streptomycetes proteins, the fungal protein is a surface active agent. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that aerial structures produced in response to both the bacterial or the fungal proteins were undifferentiated vegetative hyphae that had grown away from the colony surface but had not commenced the process of spore formation. We conclude that the production of SapB and streptofactin at the start of morphological differentiation contributes to the erection of aerial hyphae by decreasing the surface tension at the colony surface but that subsequent morphogenesis requires additional developmentally regulated events under the control of bald genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Methanol synthesis ; zinc-chromium mixed oxides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The catalytic behaviour of Zn/Cr mixed oxides with different compositions was investigated as a function of the bulk and surface properties. It was observed that non-stoichiometric spinel-type phases were stable also in the reaction conditions, in which zinc-surface enrichment did not occur. The maximum productivity in methanol was observed for monophasic non-stoichiometric spinel-type samples with a Zn/Cr ratio near to one, whereas the samples richest in zinc, for which a side phase, ZnO also was detected, showed a strong decrease in activity. The catalytic data support the hypothesis that non-stoichiometric spinel is the active phase for the synthesis of methanol on coprecipitated Zn-Cr catalysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 146 (1998), S. 972-975 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hypoton-hyporesponsive Episode ; Impfung ; Unerwünschtes Ereignis ; Azelluläre Pertussisvakzine ; Key words Hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode ; Immunization ; Adverse event ; Acellular pertussis vaccine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: Hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes are rare side effects which may occur in infants within a few hours after immunization with diphtheria-tetanus-toxoid (DT) or diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine. The patients appear in a shock-like condition, become pale, limp and unresponsive. This condition lasts for minutes to hours before the infants appear normal again. No sequelae have been reported. The etiology of this phenomenon is unknown. Case: A healthy 5 month old boy experienced a first hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode 3 hours after having received his second DTP(acellular)-Hib combined immunization along with a second dose of hepatitis B vaccine. One month later he received a third dose of the same DTPa-Hib vaccine and oral Polio and again a hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode occurred. The boy’s further development was normal, no sequelae have been observed. Discussion: The purpose of our report is to remind physicians of the rare possibility of a shock-like reaction after DT- or DTP immunization in infancy, which has also been observed in association with the use of the new acellular pertussis component vaccines – although less frequently than after conventional whole cell pertussis component vaccines. Furthermore, this is to our best knowledge the first report of a recurrent hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode and it suggests a predisposition for this reaction in our patient.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Hypoton-hyporesponsive Episoden treten als seltene Begleiterscheinung binnen weniger Stunden nach Diphtherie-Tetanus- (DT-) oder Diphtherie-Tetanus-Pertussis-Impfung (DPT-Impfungen) im Säuglingsalter auf. Sie sind durch einen schockartigen Zustand mit Blässe der Haut, reduziertem Muskeltonus und Apathie gekennzeichnet, der Minuten bis Stunden anhält, ehe eine plötzliche Normalisierung mit Restitutio ad integrum eintritt. Die Ursache ist ungeklärt. Fall: Ein unauffällig entwickelter männlicher Säugling zeigte im Alter von 5 Monaten nach der 2. DTPa-Hib-Kombinationsimpfung (mit azellulärer Pertussiskomponente) eine erste hypoton-hyporesponsive Episode. Bei der 3. DTPa-Hib-Immunisierung 1 Monat später kam es erneut zu einer hypoton-hyporesposiven Episode. Beide Episoden blieben ohne Folge, der Junge entwickelte sich weiterhin völlig normal. Diskussion: Unsere Mitteilung soll an die seltene Begleiterscheinung einer schockähnlichen Reaktion nach DT- bzw. DPT-Impfung im Säuglingsalter erinnern. Sie wird auch bei den neuen, sehr gut verträglichen azellulären Pertussisvakzinen beobachtet, wenn auch offenbar seltener als nach DPT-Impfung mit den herkömmlichen Ganzkeimvakzinen. Das hier erstmals berichtete wiederholte Auftreten einer solchen Reaktion läßt bei unserem Patienten an eine individuelle Disposition denken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The chemical educator 3 (1998), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 1430-4171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An undergraduate instrumental analysis laboratory exercise is presented for the characterization of light emission generated using electrochemiluminescence (ECL). ECL involves the electrochemical generation of excited states and as such is a sensitive probe of electrochemical, electron-transfer and energy-transfer processes at electrified interfaces. An objective of this experiment is to have students develop an understanding of the mechanisms and factors affecting ECL. Also, this exercise gives students experience in coupling two powerful analytical techniques: electrochemistry and spectroscopy. With the recent development of ECL technology for use in clinical diagnostics applications, this exercise also facilitates discussions on the importance of basic research and the practical aspects of taking a technology from the bench top to commercial reality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0949-2925
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Rat striatum ; Medium spiny neuron ; Adenosine AZA receptor ; NMDA receptor channel ; Whole-cell patch clamp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Whole-cell patch clamp experiments were carried out in rat striatal brain slices. In a subset of striatal neurons (70–80%), NMDA-induced inward currents were inhibited by the adenosine AZA receptor selective agonist CGS 21680. The non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist 8-(p-sulphophenyl)-theophylline and the AZA receptor selective antagonist 8-(3chlorostyryl) caffeine abolished the inhibitory action of CGS 21680. Intracellular GDP-β-S, which is known to prevent G protein-mediated reactions, also eliminated the effect of CGS 21680. Extracellular dibutyryl cAMP, a membrane permeable analogue of cAMP, and intracellular Sp-cAMPS, an activator of cAMP-dependent protein kinases (PKA), both abolished the CGS 21680-induced inhibition. By contrast, Rp-cAMPS and PKI 14–24 amide, two inhibitors of PKA had no effect. Intracellular U-73122 (a phospholipase C inhibitor) and heparin (an inositoltriphosphate antagonist) prevented the effect of CGS 21680. Finally, a more efficient buffering of intracellular Ca2+ by a substitution of EGTA (11 mM) by BAPTA (5.5 mM) acted like U-73122 or heparin. Hence, AZA receptors appear to negatively modulate NMDA receptor channel conductance via the phospholipase C/inositoltriphosphate/Ca2+ pathway rather than the adenylate cyclase/PKA pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 50 (1989), S. 294-300 
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A precondition for satisfactory (long-lasting) prosthetic results is a good occlusion. This can sometimes only be achieved with the aid of orthodontics. This article concludes that orthodontics can be carried out in patients with reduced periodontal support provided, thorough periodontal treatment is carried out initially and treatment goals and biomechanics are carefully considered.
    Abstract: Résumé Pour que de soins prothétiques soient durables, il est essentiel de veiller à une bonne occlusion. Ce qui n'est souvent possible qu'en ayant recours à l'orthodontie. Il a été démontré qu'avec un traitement parodontal précis au départ, la délimitation exacte de l'objet des soins une bonne connaissance de la biomécanique, l'orthodontie s'avérait possible et recommandable même chez les patients présentant des troubles parodontaux.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Grundvoraussetzung für eine dauerhafte prothetische Versorgung ist eine gute Okklusion. Das kann old nur mit Hilfe der Orthodontie erreicht werden. Es wird gezeigt, daß mit exakter initialer Parodontalbehandlung, genauer Absteckung der Behandlungsziele und der Kenntnis moderner Biomechanik Orthodontis auch beim parodontal reduzierten Patienten möglich und empfehlenswert ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 50 (1989), S. 179-185 
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The demand by patients considered for better esthetics during treatment should be seriously considered. With the introduction of fiberglass brackets one has tried to solve that problem. The purpose of this investigation was: 1. a microscopic examination of the slots of these fiberglass brackets after various periods of wearing; 2. an in vitro investigation of the adhesion of the fiberglass brackets in comparison to metal brackets; The following results were obtained: 1. There are remarkable differences in the slot dimensions between new fiberglass brackets and those which have been in the mouth for varying periods of time. 2. Ligating wires into fiberglass brackets may be difficult because of wing fractures. 3. There are significant differences regarding the adhesion of fiberglass brackets compared with metal brackets. Results of tests carried out under defined conditions (bonding, storage, time-factor) concluded that metal brackets behaved much more favourably; the adhesion of metal brackets was nearly ten times greater than that for fiberglass brackets.
    Abstract: Résumé Le souci d'esthétique du patient doit également être pris en considération tout au long des soins. Grâce à l'utilisation de brackets en fibre de verre, on a essayé de faire un pas en avant dans les recherches visant à solutionner le problème. L'objet de ces études était: 1. un examen microscopique effectué après des temps de pose de durée variable; 2. un examen in vitro visant à comparer l'adhérence des brackets en fibre de verree et de celle des brackets en métal. On a pu constater les résultants suivants: 1. Après des temps de pose de durée variable, il existe des différences sensibles entre le slot du bracket en fibre de verre fabriqué mécaniquement avec précision et l'espace actuel-apparu lors des soins-existant entre les fentes du bracket. 2. La ligature d'arcs en fil métallique dans les fentes des brackets en fibre de verre peut être rendue difficile lorsque les ailettes des brackets sont endommagées. 3. Il existe des différences importances en ce qui concerne l'adhésion des brackets en métal et de celle des brackets en fibre de verre. Testés dans des conditions bien définies (colle, mise en place, facteur-temps), les brackets en métal obtiennent des résultats nettement meilleurs: les brackets en métal adhèrent presque dix fois mieux que ceux en fibre de verre.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Wunsch des Patienten nach Ästhetik soll auch während der Behandlung berücksichtigt werden. Mit der Einführung der Fiberglasbrackets wurde ein Schritt hin zur Lösung des Problems versucht. Zweck dieser Studie war: 1. eine mikroskopische Beurteilung des Bracketslots nach unterschiedlicher Tragezeit, und 2. eine In-vitro-Untersuchung zur Adhäsion der Fiberglasbrackets im Vergleich zu Metallbrackets. Folgende Ergebnisse konnten gewonnen werden: 1. Nach unterschiedlicher Tragezeit bestehen wesentliche Unterschiede zwischen dem exakt maschinell hergestellten Bracketslot der Fiberglasbrackets und dem aktuellen, während der Behandlung bestehenden Lumenausmaß. 2. Das Einligieren von Bögen in Fiberglasbrackets kann durch abgebrochene Bracketflügel erschwert sein. 3. Es bestehen signifikante Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Adhäsion von Metallbrackets im Vergleich zu Fiberglasbrackets. Getestet unter definierten Bedingungen (Kleber, Lagerung, Zeitfaktor), schneiden die Metallbrackets wesentlich besser ab: Die Metallbrackets haften nahezu zehnmal besser als Fiberglasbrackets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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