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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1998  (1)
  • 1996  (4)
  • 1989  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Physical Exercise on Blood Mononuclear Cell Subpopulations and in Vitro Proliferative Responses (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 29 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study was designed to examine the effect of physical exercise on subsets and proliferative responses of blood mononuclear cells. Sixteen young, healthy volunteers underwent 60min of bicycle exercise at 75% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). After an interval of at least 1 week, six of the subjects underwent a 60-min back muscle training period at up to 30% of VO2max. Blood samples were collected before and during the last minutes of exercise, as well as 2 and 24 h later. Blood mononuclear cell (BMNC) subpopulations were determined and the proliferate responses after incubation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or purified derivative of tuberculin (PPD), were quantified by [3H]thymidine incorporation. During bicycle exercise the relative blood concentration of T cells (CD3+ cells) declined, mainly due to a fall in T helper cells (CD4+ cells). The natural killer (NK) cell subset (CD16+ cells) increased during work, but reverted after; the monocytes (CD14+ cells) increased 2 h after work, whereas the B-cell subset (CD20+ cells) did not change. BMNC subsets were not significantly changed by back muscle exercise. The PHA-induced proliferative response decreased during bicycle exercise, whereas the PPD-induced response did not change. No significant changes occurred during back muscle exercise. Investigation of subgroups after incubation with [3H]thymidine showed that the proliferative response per CD4+ cell did not change in relation to exercise, but the contribution of the CD4+ subgroup to proliferation declined during bicycle exercise due to the decreased proportion of CD4+ cells. The suppression of the PHA response during bicycle exercise can be explained in part by a relative fall in CD4+ cells. The pool sizes of BMNC subfraction may be elicited by increased catecholamine and cortisol levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1989.tb01137.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutamine, Lymphocyte Proliferation and Cytokine Production (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present in vitro study was conducted to examine how glutamine influences the lymphocyte function. Glutamine had no effect on the production of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 or tumour necrosis factor-α, but influenced the production of interleukin-2 and interferon-γ. Glutamate, leucine, isoleucine and valine (substrates for glutamine production), or the combination of glutamate and leucine, did not influence the lymphocyte proliferative response or the cytokine production. In conclusion, glutamine influenced the production of some T-cell-derived cytokines, and is thereby important for optimal lymphocyte proliferation. Furthermore, the results show that lymphocytes are not capable of producing glutamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-352.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the allergic reaction in seasonal rhinitis: acoustic rhinometry is a sensitive and objective method (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Seasonal allergic rhinitis constitutes an excellent in vivo model of an allergic mucosal inflammatory reaction. This offers the opportunity of studying the fundamentals of allergic inflammation in addition to improvement of knowledge on the basal pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. So far, monitoring methods of disease activity and treatment efficacy have mainly been based upon subjective assessments, illustrating the impact of introducing reliable objective methods.Objective To investigate the allergic inflammatory reaction of seasonal rhinitis through different objective methods and evaluate these as indicators of disease activity and treatment efficacy.Methods Functional parameters, i.e. acoustic rhinometry and nasal metacholine challenge, and biological markers, i.e. blood eosinophil count, eosinophil cationic protein in serum (s-ECP) and nasal lavage fluid (n-ECP), were assessed before and at peak pollen season in 27 patients with grass pollen induced rhinitis. Patients were randomized to either nasal corticosteroid or placebo treatment and recorded nasal symptom scores.Results Acoustic rhinometry revealed a significant difference in favour of steroid treatment (P 〈 0.05) comparing nasal volumes before and during season. This difference primarily relied upon a decrease in the placebo group (P= 0.05). A reduction from baseline of s-ECP in the steroid group (P 〈 0.01) was obtained. N-ECP demonstrated a difference between treatment groups, although not significant. Symptom scores increased in all patients during the pollen season, although this was only significant in the placebo treated patients (P 〈 0.01). The remaining methods applied did not demonstrate further differences, either within or between treatment groups.Conclusion Our results demonstrate acoustic rhinometry to be a sensitive and objective method of assessment of nasal obstruction. Furthemore, acoustic rhinometry and s-ECP reflect the impact of nasal steroid therapy on seasonal allergic rhinitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00524.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the natural killer cell activity in Hashimoto's and Graves' diseases (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 44 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Natural killer (NK) cell activity and blood mononuclear cell subpopulations were characterized in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n= 11), Graves' disease (n= 20), non-toxic goitre (n= 10) and in normal controls (n= 22). NK cell activity against K 562 target cells and the capability of IFN-α, Il-2, and indomethacin to enhance NK cell activity in vitro did not differ significantly between the groups. The percentages of large granular lymphocytes, CD5 +, CD4 +, CD8 + and CD16 + cells were normal in patients with non-toxic goitre, Hashimoto's and Graves' diseases. There was no correlation between NK cell activities and TgAb, MAb and TSAb. Although NK cell activity is suppressed in several autoimmune diseases, NK cell function is normal in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb04186.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron diffraction study of sodium oxalate monoperhydrate at 123 K (1989)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 1724-1727 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270189003318
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The immune system and serum glutamine during a triathlon (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 74 (1996), S. 428-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Lymphocyte proliferation ; Lymphocyte subpopulations ; Lymphokine activated killer cells ; Natural killer cells ; Glutamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study examined the influence of a triathlon on the immune system and on serum amino acid concentrations. Eight male triathletes swam 2500 m, bicycled 81 km, and ran 19 km. The concentration of total serum amino acids decreased during the race, with the lowest values occurring 2 h postexercise. Similarly, serum glutamine concentration declined from 468 (SEM 24) (prerace) to 318 (SEM 20) μmoll−1 (2 h postrace) and the natural killer (NK) and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cell activities were suppressed 2 h postexercise (P 〈 0.05). Blood mononuclear cell proliferation decreased during exercise with the lowest value observed after running. The leucocyte concentration increased during and after exercise due to an increase in the concentration of neutrophils and monocytes. There was no significant change in lymphocyte concentration during or after the exercise. The plasma concentration of interleukin-6 did not change and the plasma concentration of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were below detection limits. The LAK cell cytotoxicity, but not NK cell activity or proliferative response, was significantly correlated with serum glutamine concentrations (r = 0.39,P 〈 0.01). This study confirms that prolonged endurance exercise results in changes in the cytotoxic function of the NK and LAK cells as well as the proliferative response. The time-course of changes in serum glutamine concentrations were best parallelled by changes in LAK cell activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02337723
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of elevated plasma noradrenaline concentration on the immune system in humans (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 79 (1998), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Keywords Exercise ; Noradrenaline ; Natural killer cells ; Lymphocytes ; Neutrophils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was designed to test the hypothesis that elevated plasma noradrenaline concentrations contribute to the exercise-induced modulation of the activity and percentage of the natural killer (NK) cells, and the leucocyte concentration. In a single blind, controlled, cross-over study, eight healthy men had noradrenaline infused for 1 h and achieved plasma noradrenaline concentrations comparable (20-fold increment) to those previously observed in cycle ergometer exercise (75% of maximal oxygen uptake for 1 h). The noradrenaline infusion increased the unstimulated, the interleukin-2 and interferon-α stimulated NK cell activity, and the percentage of CD16+ cells. The natural lytic activity per CD16+ cell however, did not change. The concentration of neutrophils, lymphocytes and CD16+ cells increased during the infusion. The neutrophil concentration remained elevated 2 h after infusion, at which time the lymphocyte count was back to normal. These results are comparable with the effects in the exercise model, and it is suggested that the augmented plasma noradrenaline concentrations, seen during extreme exercise, may participate in the exercise-induced immune changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050479
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The immune system and serum glutamine during a triathlon (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 74 (1996), S. 428-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Lymphocyte proliferation ; Lymphocyte subpopulations ; Lymphokine activated killer cells ; Natural killer cells ; Glutamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  This study examined the influence of a triathlon on the immune system and on serum amino acid concentrations. Eight male triathletes swam 2500 m, bicycled 81 km, and ran 19 km. The concentration of total serum amino acids decreased during the race, with the lowest values occurring 2 h postexercise. Similarly, serum glutamine concentration declined from 468 (SEM 24) (prerace) to 318 (SEM 20) μmol l-1 (2 h postrace) and the natural killer (NK) and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cell activities were suppressed 2 h postexercise (P〈0.05). Blood mononuclear cell proliferation decreased during exercise with the lowest value observed after running. The leucocyte concentration increased during and after exercise due to an increase in the concentration of neutrophils and monocytes. There was no significant change in lymphocyte concentration during or after the exercise. The plasma concentration of interleukin-6 did not change and the plasma concentration of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were below detection limits. The LAK cell cytotoxicity, but not NK cell activity or proliferative response, was significantly correlated with serum glutamine concentrations (r=0.39,  P〈0.01). This study confirms that prolonged endurance exercise results in changes in the cytotoxic function of the NK and LAK cells as well as the proliferative response. The time-course of changes in serum glutamine concentrations were best parallelled by changes in LAK cell activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050096
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of human natural killer cell activity byLegionella pneumophila protease (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 8 (1989), S. 989-992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was undertaken to define the effect ofLegionella pneumophila protease on natural killer (NK) cell function in vitro. Lysis of target cells by human NK cells was determined using a51Cr-release assay. The protease inhibited the NK cell cytolytic activity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of the protease was not affected by alpha interferon or interleukin 2.Legionella pneumophila protease partly inhibited the binding of effector cells to target cells as studied in a single cell agarose assay of monocyte-depleted cell populations. This effect of the protease on the binding of NK cells to target cells could interfere with the previously described enhanced NK cell activity induced byLegionella pneumophila. We could demonstrate in vitro inhibition of NK cell activity byLegionella pneumophila protease at very low concentrations, suggesting a possible relevance of this mechanism in the pathogenesis of Legionnaires' disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01967571
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