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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron diffraction analysis on FINEMET alloys (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 6565-6569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron diffraction has been used to study in situ the nanocrystallization process of Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si22.5−xBx (x=5, 9, and 12) amorphous alloys. Nanocrystallization results in a decrease of both the silicon content and the grain size of the Fe(Si) phase with increasing value of x. By comparing the radial distribution function peak areas with those predicted for ideal bcc and DO3 structure, it can be concluded that the ordering in DO3 Fe(Si) crystals increases with the silicon content. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369029
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid phase epitaxy of a Ge-Si alloy on [111] Si through a Pd2Si layer (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 747-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Solid phase epitaxy of a Ge70Si30 alloy on [111]Si substrates was achieved in the amorphous Ge/Pd2Si/[111]Si system. Upon annealing at temperatures above 600 °C,the Ge transported through the silicide layer and formed a Ge-rich, Si-Ge epitaxial layer on top of the Si substrate. At the same time the Pd silicide layer exchanged positions with the Ge, leading to the final configuration of Pd2Si/Si-Ge/[111]Si. The crystallinity of Pd2Si had a major effect on the epitaxy of the Ge-Si alloy. On [100]Si where the Pd2Si was polycrystalline, epitaxial Ge-Si growth was not observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101794
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid thermal annealing: An efficient means to reveal chromium profiles in Si after diffusion and gettering (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 611-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The combined use of rapid thermal annealing and deep level transient spectroscopy is described as an efficient means to reveal chromium profiles in silicon wafer after various thermal treatments. The proposed method has been successfully applied to observe the depletion of chromium atoms at the near-surface region of intentionally contaminated Czochralski-grown silicon reslting from a conventional three-step gettering cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100894
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatigue characteristics of SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films prepared by metalorganic decomposition (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 788-790 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polycrystalline SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) ferroelectric thin films were synthesized on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by metalorganic decomposition. Electric measurements demonstrate that fatigue increases with decreasing switching voltage and frequency, and the suppressed polarization caused at a lower switching voltage can be recovered by switching at a higher voltage. This suggests that the domain walls of SBT thin films are weakly pinned and easily depinned by a higher external field. The polarization of SBT thin films annealed in air shows more degradation than that annealed in oxygen, which indicates that the oxygen vacancy also plays an important role in fatigue behavior of SBT thin films. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122002
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention characteristics of SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films prepared by metalorganic decomposition (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3674-3676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polycrystalline SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) ferroelectric thin films were synthesized on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by metalorganic decomposition. Electric measurements demonstrate that the polarization decay increases with increasing the write/read voltage within the first second. This could be attributed to the depolarization fields, which increases with increasing the retained polarization. However, we found that the polarization loss is insignificant with different write/read voltages over a range of 1–30 000 S. Furthermore, experiment indicates that there is weak pinning of domain walls existing in SBT, which plays an important role for SBT thin film over a range of 1–30 000 S with a low write/read voltage. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122859
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stomatal response to CO2 is linked to changes in guard cell zeaxanthin* (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The mechanisms mediating CO2 sensing and light–CO2 interactions in guard cells are unknown. In growth chamber-grown Vicia faba leaves kept under constant light (500 μmol m–2 s–1) and temperature, guard cell zeaxanthin content tracked ambient [CO2] and stomatal apertures. Increases in [CO2] from 400 to 1200 cm3 m–3 decreased zeaxanthin content from 180 to 80 mmol mol–1 Chl and decreased stomatal apertures by 7·0 μm. Changes in zeaxanthin and aperture were reversed when [CO2] was lowered. Guard cell zeaxanthin content was linearly correlated with stomatal apertures. In the dark, the CO2-induced changes in stomatal aperture were much smaller, and guard cell zeaxanthin content did not change with chamber [CO2]. Guard cell zeaxanthin also tracked [CO2] and stomatal aperture in illuminated stomata from epidermal peels. Dithiothreitol (DTT), an inhibitor of zeaxanthin formation, eliminated CO2-induced zeaxanthin changes in guard cells from illuminated epidermal peels and reduced the stomatal CO2 response to the level observed in the dark. These data suggest that CO2-dependent changes in the zeaxanthin content of guard cells could modulate CO2-dependent changes of stomatal apertures in the light while a zeaxanthin-independent CO2 sensing mechanism would modulate the CO2 response in the dark.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00323.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new intermetallic pentagonal Frank–Kasper phase determined by HREM (1989)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108768188004975
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic investigation of contributions of embryo and endosperm genes to malt Kolbach index, alpha-amylase activity and wort nitrogen content in barley (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 709-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Two-rowed barley ; Embryo and endosperm effects ; Kolbach index ; Alpha-amylase ; Wort-N ; GE interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A genetic model is proposed for the analysis of embryo and endosperm effects as well as GE interaction effects. An investigation of three malting quality traits in grains of seven parents and their F2s was undertaken in a half-diallel cross of barley (Hordeum distichum L.) over 2 years. The results indicated that the malt Kolbach index (KI), alpha-amylase activity (αAA) and wort soluble nitrogen (Wort-N) are controlled by both embryo genetic effects and endosperm genetic effects. Variance of the endosperm additive effects was obviously larger than that of the embryo additive effects. In the contribution of the embryo genetic effects to variation in malt αAA and Wort-N, the dominance effects were considerably larger than the additive effects. The endosperm dominance effects constituted a major part of the total genetic effect on the KI. Significant endosperm GE interactions were also detected in the malt traits concerned. Endosperm general heritability (h 2 e ) tended to be larger than interaction heritability (h 2 oE or h 2 eE ) for all the traits. Endosperm heterosis was observed to be significantly positive for αAA but negative for Wort-N in the F2 seed generation. Prediction of main gene effects for seven parents showed that ‘Ganmu 2’ and ‘Supi1’ were suitable parental varieties for malt αAA and Wort-N improvement. Our genetic model for malting quality traits and its application in breeding are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050792
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative trait loci analysis for the developmental behavior of tiller number in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Tiller number ; Developmental behavior ; Quantitative trait loci (QTL) ; Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A doubled-haploid rice population of 123 lines from Azucena/IR64 was used for analyzing the developmental behavior of tiller number by conditional and unconditional QTL mapping methods. It was indicated that the number of QTLs significantly affecting tiller number was different at different measuring stages. Many QTLs controlling tiller growth identified at the early stages were undetectable at the final stage. Only one QTL could be detected across the whole growth period. By conditional QTL mapping, more QTLs for tiller number could be detected than that by unconditional mapping. The temporal patterns of gene expression for tiller number could be different at different stages. Even an individual gene or genes at the same genomic region might have opposite genetic effects at various growth stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050895
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AFLP markers for the study of rice biodiversity (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 602-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words AFLP ; Rice ; Biodiversity ; Germplasm ; Mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  AFLP was used as a DNA fingerprinting technique in rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm analysis. The high efficiency and random coverage of AFLP markers were established. With only five combinations of primers and RFLP anchors, a framework linkage map was constructed. This map demonstrated that the AFLP markers from a limited number of primers were not confined to any particular regions or chromosomes in the rice genome. To analyse the biodiversity of 57 rice germplasm accessions, we examined 179 polymorphic AFLP markers generated from four primer combinations. Both principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used, and three groups were clearly identified which corresponded to genotypes of Isozyme Groups I, II and VI. The number of markers needed for robust classification of rice germplasm and the diversity between/within the groups was established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050778
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