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  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1992  (10)
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  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAE) were excited by the energetic neutral beam ions tangentially injected into plasmas at low magnetic field in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Research (IAEA, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 51]. The injection velocities were comparable to the Alfvén speed. The modes were identified by measurements from Mirnov coils and beam emission spectroscopy (BES). TAE modes appear in bursts whose repetition rate increases with beam power. The neutron emission rate exhibits sawtoothlike behavior and the crashes always coincide with TAE bursts. This indicates ejection of fast ions from the plasma until these modes are stabilized. The dynamics of growth and stabilization were investigated at various plasma currents and magnetic fields. The results indicate that the instability can effectively clamp the number of energetic ions in the plasmas. The observed instability threshold is discussed in light of recent theories. In addition to these TAE modes, intermittent oscillations at three times the fundamental TAE frequency were observed by Mirnov coils, but no corresponding signal was found in BES. It appears that these high-frequency oscillations do not have a direct effect on the plasma neutron source strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Woodstock, Md., etc : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Theological Studies. 53:4 (1992:Dec.) 762 
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Potassische Vulkanite (PV), beispielsweise Shoshonite, bilden einen wichtigen Bestandteil von jungen vulkanischen Gesteinsserien aus fünf verschiedenen plattentektonischen Milieus: Aktive Kontinentalränder (z.B. die Anden); Post-Kollisionszonen (z.B. die Alpen); aktive ozeanische Plattengrenzen, weiter unterteilbar in frühgenetische (z.B. der Marianen Inselbogen) und spätgenetische (z.B. der Sunda Inselbogen); und Intra-Platten Intrusionen (z.B. Teile der nordamerikanischen Cordillera). In einigen dieser tektonischen Milieus findet man die potassischen Vulkanite (PV) in engem räumlichen Zusammenhang mit bedeutenden Gold- und Buntmetall-Lagerstätten. Die Möglichkeit, auch PV von unterschiedlichen proterozoischen oder archaischen tektonischen Milieus zu unterscheiden, mag deshalb nicht nur zum besseren genetischen Verständnis dieser Gesteine im akademischen Sinne beitragen, sondern auch zur Verbesserung der ökonomischen Evaluierung des metallischen Rohstoffpotentials alter Terrains. Spidergrams und konventionelle Diskriminierungs-Diagramme, die für `normale' Basalte entwickelt wurden, erscheinen ungeeignet zur geochemischen Diskriminierung zwischen PV. Diese Arbeit stellt deshalb neu entwickelte Diagramme vor, die auf den ‘immobilen’ Elementen Al, Ti, P, Y, Zr, Nb, La, Ce und Hf beruhen. Die Grundlage der neuen Diagramme bildet eine eigens erstellte Datenbank mit 497 PV Analysen von jungen (Känozoischen) tectonic settings weltweit, die aufgrund ihrer unfraktionierten, ‘primitiven’ Gesteinschemie aus einer ursprünglichen Datenbank mit 2222 PV Analysen aus allen Erdteilen und -zeitaltern herausgefiltert wurden. Einige Diagramme wurden mit Hilfe der `multigroup linear discriminant analysis' entwickelt und erlauben die Diskriminierung mit Hilfe der Elemente Ti, P, Y, Zr und Nb. Andere Diagramme wurden empirisch ermittelt und beruhen auf den seltener analysierten Elementen Hf, La und Ce. Die Anwendung der Diagramme auf unbekannte Proben sollte hierarchisch erfolgen, um die Diskriminierung der unterschiedlichen tektonischen Milieus schrittweise durchzuführen. Intra-Platten Intrusionen besitzen die höchsten Zr/AI bzw. Ti/Al Verhältnisse und die höchsten Konzentrationen an LILE, LREE and HFSE, aktive Kontinentalränder und Post-Kollisionszonen weisen intermediäre Konzentrationen dieser Elemente auf und aktive ozeanische Plattengrenzen besitzen die geringsten Konzentrationen dieser Elemente. Aktive Kontinentalränder unterscheiden sich von Post-Kollisionszonen aufgrund ihrer niedrigeren Zr/Ce und Ti/Nb und höheren Ce/P Verhältnisse. PV von spätgenetischen ozeanischen Plattengrenzen unterscheiden sich von denfrühgenetischen durch höhere Hf, La und P Konzentrationen. Die beobachteten chemischen Unterschiede lassen sich entweder durch petrogenetische Prozesse oder durch Mantelinhomogenitäten erklären.
    Notes: Summary Potassic volcanic rocks (PVRs), such as shoshonites, are an important constituent of young volcanic suites in five main tectonic settings:Continental arcs (e.g. Andes);Post-collisional arcs (e.g. Alps);Oceanic arcs, subdivisible into initial (e.g. Marianas) andlate (e.g. Sunda Arc);and Within-Plate (e.g. inland N. American Cordillera). Since some PVRs are associated with world-class gold and base metal deposits, and can be important in tectonic reconstruction of ancient terranes, new diagrams based on immobile elements (Al, Ti, P, Y, Zr, Nb, La, Ce, Hf) are presented for discriminating the tectonic setting of PVRs from their geochemistry; spidergrams and previously published discrimination diagrams based on `normal' basalts proved unsuitable. Diagrams were derived, in part via multigroup linear discriminant analysis, using a database of fresh, primitive, Cenozoic PVRs (497 analyses), itself carefully screened from a newly erected database of 2,222 PVRs of all ages and compositions. To maximise discrimination, the diagrams are hierarchical: the first applies to all five settings and removes the most distinctive group (Within-Plate), while the remainder target more subtle distinctions. Overall, concentrations of most LILE, LREE and HFSE, and ratios such as Zr/Al and Ti/Al, tend to be highest in Within-Plate PVRs, intermediate in Continental and Postcollisional Are PVRs, and lowest in Oceanic Arc PVRs. In detail, Postcollisional are distinguished from Continental Arc PVRs by higher Ce/P, and lower Zr/Ce, Ti/Nb ratios of the latter; late from initial Oceanic arc PVRs by higher Hf, La and P of the former. These geochemical differences have a firm theoretical foundation in petrogenetic processes during magma emplacement and/or in source heterogeneities related to subduction or mantle metasomatism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 79 (1992), S. 37-39 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 79 (1992), S. 420-422 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Petrographie und Geochemie tertiärer Lamprophyre und genetisch verwandter Ganggesteine aus der zentralalpinen Kreuzeckgruppe, nördlich des Periadriatischen Lineamentes, in Kärnten, Österreich. Die Ganggesteine durchschlagen die altpaläozoischen Metapelite, Grünsteine und Amphibolite des Altkristallins diskordant und stehen in räumlichem Zusammenhang mit Sb, W, Hg und Cu-Ag-Au Lagerstätten, die bereits seit dem Mittelalter abgebaut wurden. Die meisten Lamprophyre zeigen primitiven Charakter (Mg-Zahlen 〉60 und Cr 〉 200 ppm) und besitzen hohe Gehalte an LILE (K, Rb, Sr und Ba). Geochemisch lassen sich fünf verschiedeneGruppen mit kalkalkalisch/shoshonitischem bis alkalischem Charakter unterscheiden: Gruppe 1, Amphibol-führende shoshonitische Lamprophyre (0.5–1.0 Gew% TiO2, Zr 〈 150 ppm, Nb 〈 13 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10);Gruppe 2, Glimmer-führende shoshonitische Lamprophyre (1–1.5 Gew% TiO2, Zr ∼ 180 ppm, Nb 〈 17 ppm, Ba/Rb 〉 20); Gruppe 3, alkalische Lamprophyre (1.5–2.1 Gew% TiO2, Zr 〉 250 ppm, Nb 〉 30ppm, Ba/Rb 10–25); Gruppe 4, alkalische Lamprophyre mit geringen MgO-Anteil (∼ 2.5 Gew% TiO2, Mg-Zahl 〈 57, Nb ∼ 20 ppm, Ba/Rb ∼ 20); Gruppe 5, kalkalkalisch basaltische Ganggesteine (∼ 2.2 Gew% TiO2, Mg-Zahl 〈 55, Nb 〈 10 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10). Die Lamprophyre der Gruppen 2, 3 und 4 zeigen nordöstliches Streichen und oligozänes Intrusionsalter (K-Ar Alter 27–32 Ma), während die Ganggesteine der Gruppen 1 und 5 überwiegend östliches Streichen und UnterOligozänes Intrusionsalter (K-Ar Alter 36 Ma) aufweisen. Die Intrusionen erfolgten während einer tektonischen Dilatationsphaseim Oligozän nach der Kontinent-Kontinent Kollision zwischen derAfrikanischen und der Eurasischen Platte im unteren Eozän. Ganggesteine der Gruppen 1, 2 und 5 besitzen typisch kalkalkalischen Charakter und stellen vermutlich Produktevon aufgeschmolzener, subduzierter Lithosphäre dar. Die Geochemie der alkalischen Lamprophyre derGruppen 3 und 4 (e.g. Ba/Nb ∼ 30–70) deutet auf ihre genetische Zwischenstellung zwischen subduction-related und within-plate regime. Zwischen den tertiären Gangintrusionen und den vermutlich paläozoischen Vererzungen der Kreuzeckgruppe besteht kein genetischer Zusammenhang. Die Alteration der Ganggesteine durch postmagmatische Lösungen hat jedoch zur Bildung von sekundären Mineralen und teilweise zu überdurchschnittlich erhöhten Au und PGE Gehalten von bis zu 35 ppb geführt.
    Notes: Summary Amphibole and mica lamprophyres and related dykes of Tertiary age from the Kreuzeck Mountains, Central Alps, Austria, have been investigated petrographically and geochemically. They intrude a sequence of early Palaeozoic metapelites, greenstones and amphibolites to the north of the Cretaceous Periadriatic Lineament, a major suture zone of 700 km E-W extent. The dykes are spatially associated with Sb, W, Hg, and Cu-Ag-Au deposits. Most lamprophyres are characterized by primitive chemistry (mg-numbers 〉 60 and Cr 〉 200 ppm) and have high contents of LIL elements (K, Rb, Sr and Ba). Geochemically, five different subgroups of calcalkaline/shoshonitic to alkaline affinity can be distinguished. These are: Group 1, amphibole-bearing shoshonitic lamprophyres (0.5–1.0 wt% Ti02, Zr 〈 150 ppm, Nb 〈 13 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10); Group 2, mica-bearing shoshonitic lamprophyres (1–1.5 wt% TiO2, Zr ∼ 180 ppm, Nb 〈 17 ppm, Ba/Rb 〉 20); Group 3, alkaline lamprophyres (1.5–2.1 wt% TiO2, Zr 〉 250 ppm, Nb 〉 30 ppm, Ba/Rb 10–25); Group 4, low-MgO alkaline lamprophyres (∼ 2.5 wt% TiO2, mg-number 〈 57, Nb ∼ 20 ppm, Ba/Rb ∼ 20); Group 5, calc-alkaline basaltic dykes (∼ 2.2 wt% TiO2, mg-number 〈55, Nb 〈 10 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10). Group 2,3 and 4 dykes have NE-SW orientations and are of Oligocene age (K-Ar age 27–32 Ma); Group 1 and 5 dykes are of Lower Oligocene age (K-Ar age 36 Ma) but have mostly E-W orientations. The Kreuzeck lamprophyres were generated in post-collisional magmatic events, which were probably linked to extensional tectonics following oblique continent-continent collision between the African and Eurasian Plates during the Eocene. Group 1, 2 and 5 dyke rocks have typical calc-alkaline geochemical signatures indicating that they represent partial melting products of subduction-modified lithosphere. Group 3 and 4 alkaline lamprophyres have geochemical features transitional between calc-alkaline and within-plate alkaline igneous rocks (e.g. Ba/Nb ∼ 30–70) indicating that their mantle source-region includes both subduction-modified lithospheric and OIB-type asthenospheric components. There is no apparent relationship between mineralization in the Kreuzeck region, thought to be of Ordovician-Devonian age, and much later lamprophyre intrusion. Alteration of the dykes by late-magmatic fluids has resulted in the formation of secondary minerals, and has occasionally led to increased Au and PGE values in the 10–35 ppb range particularly in close proximity to Cu-Ag-Au deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 46 (1992), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Virus infections were detected inEctocarpus siliculosus andEctocarpus fasciculatus on the coasts of Ireland, California, Peru, southern South America, Australia and New Zealand; in threeFeldmannia species on the coasts of Ireland, continental Chile and Archipelago Juan Fernandez (Chile); and inLeptonematella from Antarctica. Natural populations on the Irish coast contained 3% infected plants inE. fasciculatus, and less than 1% inFeldmannia simplex. On the Californian coast, 15 to 25% ofEctocarpus isolates were infected. Virus symptoms were absent inE. siliculosus from Peru, but appeared after meiosis in laboratory cultures. The virus particles inE. fasciculatus are identical in size and capsid structure to those reported forE. siliculosus, while the virus inF. simplex is smaller and has a different envelope. Our findings suggest that virus infections are a common and worldwide phenomenon in filamentous brown algae.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np ; 27.50. + e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have measured production cross-sections of the new neutron-rich isotopes58Ti,61V,63Cr,66Mn,69Fe,71Co and neighbouring isotopes that have been identified as projectile fragments from reactions between a 500 MeV/u86Kr beam and a beryllium target. The isotope identification was performed with the zero-degree magnetic spectrometer FRS at GSI, using in addition time-of-flight and energy-loss measurements. The experimental production cross-sections for the new nuclides and neighbouring isotopes are compared with an empirical parametrization. The resulting prospects for reaching even more neutron-rich isotopes, such as the doubly-magic nuclide78Ni, are discussed.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Dr ; 23.90.+w ; 27.40.+z
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Neutron-deficient isotopes with Z=21 to 26 have been produced as projectile-like fragments of an intense58Ni GANIL beam of 69 MeV/nucleon. The nuclei selected by the upgraded LISE3 spectrometer were identified and implanted in a silicon detector telescope. The43Cr,47Fe and46Fe isotopes were identified for the first time whereas45Fe,45Mn,44Mn and42V were not observed, indicating probable instability of these nuclei against particle emission. Measurements of the half-lives of43Cr and46Mn have been performed and the analysis of their measured beta-delayed proton spectra has given, through the isobaric multiplet mass equation, an empirical estimation of their masses. Half-lives of44Cr,43V,47Fe and46Fe have also been measured. A discussion of various mass predictions for nuclei at the proton drip-line is given.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The potential of tandem mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) as a stand-alone technique in the structural analyses of an oviposition-deterring pheromone (ODP, 1) is reviewed. Two facets of the salt-like glycolipid structure of 1 were of major interest in this context: the substitution pattern of the lipid backbone (15-glucosyioxy-8-hydroxypalmitate) and, more specifically, the configurational identity of the sugar portion (glucopyra nose). Throughout this study, trideuterioacetyl derivatives of ODP (1 → pentakis(trideuterioacetyl)-ODP la) and the reference substrates were used. Probing of the sugar moiety by fast atom bombardment (FAB) and both low- and high-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) of B2-type sugar ions surprisingly failed as a single exception within a larger number of glycosidic substrates subjected to this approach. However, electrospray ionization (ESI) of la with the formation of the sugar ions in the gas phase by ‘first-stage’ CID before mass selection circumvented this difficulty and provided an unambiguous and sensitive probe for sugar stereochemistry. When studying the ODP molecule as a whole, FAB-generated M-like ions such as [M - H]-, [M + Na]+ and [M - H + 2Na]+ were subjected to high-energy CID using a four-sector tandem mass spectrometer. Analyses of simple model substrates such as the 12-trideuterioacetoxystearate anion facilitated the interpretation of the distinct charge-remote fragmentation (CRF) behaviour of la. Whereas all M-like species provided complete records of the lipid portion of la and its oxygenation pattern, only the sodiated cations allowed reliable location of the individual substituents. In these latter species complementary series of ‘sequence ions’ were observed that incorporated either the taurine or the sugar terminus and thus reflected CRF for both alternatives of terminal charge fixation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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