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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Site, histological type, and thickness of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma in western Netherlands since 1980 (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 136 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An increasing incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma had been observed in the Netherlands.Therefore, between 1989 and 1992 a preventive skin cancer campaign was organized in part of western Netherlands. The effect of this screening campaign has yet to be evaluated by investigating the distribution of all in situ and invasive primary cutaneous melanoma according to anatomical subsite, tumour thickness, and histological type in a population-based study during 1980–92. A total number of 2236 (1361 female; 875 male) invasive and 580 (395 female; 185 male) in situ melanomas were diagnosed. The median age of patients with thin lesions was 46 years, intermediate lesions 54 years, and thick lesions 65 years, which may be indicative of slow tumour progression. The median thickness of the invasive lesions was 0·9 mm for women and 1·1 mm for men and the invasive to in situ ratio was 3·4 for female and 4·7 for male subjects, suggesting a reasonable awareness of melanoma in this population. The relative tumour density (RTD) was remarkably high for melanomas in the head/neck area for both sexes and invasive melanoma on the male trunk and the lower legs of females. The low RTD of invasive melanomas on the lower limbs of men and the high density in the head/neck area for both sexes are remarkable and support the aetiological role of ultraviolet exposure. It is concluded that our findings are in many ways similar to those of other descriptive studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.d01-1236.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer-assisted motion analysis of sperm from the common carp (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) technology was applied to the measurement of sperm motility parameters in the common carp Cyprinus carpio. Activated sperm were videotaped at 200 frames s−1 and analysed with the CellTrak/S CASA research system. The percentage of motile cells and both sperm head curvilinear velocity and straight-line velocity were measured following exposure of carp sperm to three predilution conditions and activation in media of differing ionic strengths and osmotic pressures. The highest percentage of motile sperm was obtained following predilution of sperm in seminal plasma and activation in Na-HEPES buffer pH 8.0. This level of motility was equalled after predilution in 200 mm KCl for 2 h. Straight-line velocities and curvilinear velocities of 130 μm s−1 and 210 μm s−1, respectively, were observed. Duration of motility was higher under seminal plasma predilution conditions (over 50% motile sperm at 55 s post-activation). The application provides a sound basis for the assessment of Sperm Characteristics in fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb06023.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational analysis of 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1,4-benzoxazepines and their 1,5-isomers (1997)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 128 (1997), S. 625-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Ring inversion ; Stereochemistry ; Dihydro-1,4-benzoxazepines ; Dihydro-1,5-benzoxaepines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Konformation von 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1,4-benzoxazepinen (1,3,5 und7) und ihren 1,5-Isomeren (2,4 und6) wurde mittels temperaturabhängiger NMR-Spektroskopie untersucht. Der Einfluß von Substituenten auf die Ringinversion wird diskutiert. Die erhaltenen Resultate werden durch AMl-Rechnungen bestätigit.
    Notes: Summary Conformational analysis of 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1,4-benzoxazepines (1,3,5, and7) and their 1,5-isomers (2,4, and6) was performed by temperature dependent NMR measurements. The effect of substituents on the ring inversion was studied. The results obtained were corroborated by AMl calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807593
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and spectroscopic investigation of some dimeric coumarin and furanocoumarin models (1997)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 128 (1997), S. 701-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: bis-Coumarins ; bis-Furanocoumarins ; Chirality ; Aldehyde hydrates ; 1H NMR ; 13C NMR ; Mass spectrometry ; Fragmentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Synthese einiger dimerer Cumarin- und Furanocumarin-Modellverbindungen und ihre Strukturaufklärung mit1H- und13C-NMR- sowie Massenspektrometrie werden beschrieben. In Gegenwart von Feuchtigkeit werden einige der Aldehyde von ihren Hydraten begleitet. Verdoppelungen der Methoxy-1H-Signale von8 in Anwesenheit eines chiralen Lanthanoid-Verschiebungsreagenzes beweisen, daß8 ein Dimer ist. In den Massenspektren finden sich Hinweise für heterolytische Spaltungen der O-C-Bindungen. Solche Fragmentierungen sind bei aromatischen Ethern ungewöhnlich.
    Notes: Summary The synthesis of some dimeric coumarin and furanocoumarin models and their structure elucidation by1H NMR,13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy is presented. In the presence of moisture some aldehydes are accompanied by their hydrates. Methoxy signal doubling in the presence of a chiral lanthanide shift reagent proves the dimeric nature of compound8. In the mass spectra, heterolytic cleavage of the O-C linkage was noticed which is a rare fragmentation in the case of aromatic ethers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807602
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses of the terpenoid precursors cyclopent-2-enone and cyclohex-2-enone diesters (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 107-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Aldol condensation ; Bromination ; Cyclopent-2-enone and cyclohex-2-enone derivatives ; Dehydrobromination ; 2,6-Lutidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Für praktische und bequeme Synthesen der Titelverbindungen werden zwei Reaktionswege präsentiert. Der erste Weg basiert auf einer Bromierungs-Dehydrobromierungs-Sequenz zur Einführung der Doppelbindung in die 1-Alkoxykarbonyl-2-oxocycloalkylessig- und-propionsäureester (4a–c,7a,b). Die Anwendung von 2,6-Lutidin zur Dehydrobromierung der α-Bromocycloalkanone-diester (5a–c,8a,b) sichert die ausreichende Selektivität, ohne die empfindlichen Estergruppen anzugreifen. Im Falle der Cyclohex-2-enon-Derivate (2a,b) zeigen wir einen alternativen Weg, der auf derMichael-Reaktion von Diethyl-2-acetyl-succinat bzw. -glutarat mit Acrolein basiert; die anschließende intramolekulare Aldol-Kondensation liefert die Zielprodukte.
    Notes: Summary Two reaction pathways were elaborated for the practical and convenient synthesis of the title compounds. The first route applies a bromination-dehydrobromination sequence to introduce the double bond into 1-alkoxycarbonyl-2-oxocycloalkylacetic and propionic esters (4a–c,7a,b). The application of 2,6-lutidine for dehydrobromination of α-bromocycloalkanones diesters (5a–c,8a,b) provides sufficient selectivity to carry out this step without affecting the sensitive ester group. Alternative pathways, involvingMichael reaction of diethyl 2-acetylsuccinate or -glutarate with acrolein and subsequent intramolecular aldol condensation, are presented in the case of cyclohex-2-enone derivatives2a,b.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00811764
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and stereochemistry of 8-methyl-5-nitro-1-octalones (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 1011-1019 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Precursors of strigol analogues ; Michael reaction ; NMR ; Molecular modelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung BasenkatalysierteMichael-Addition von 5-Nitropentan-2-on-ethylenketal (1) und Cyclohex-2-enon (2), anschließende Entfernung der Schutzgruppe und darauffolgende Aldolkondensation liefert isomer 8-Methyl-5-nitro-1-octalone (5a,b). Struktur, relative Konfiguration und Konformation von5a und5b wurden mittels1H- und13C-NMR-Spektroskopie aufgeklärt.
    Notes: Summary Base catalyzedMichael addition of 5-nitropentan-2-one ethylene ketal (1) and cyclohex-2-enone (2), subsequent deprotection, and intramolecular aldol condensation yields the 8-methyl-5-nitro-1-octalone isomers (5a,b). The structure, relative configuration, and conformation of5a and5b were elucidated utilizing the results of1H and13C NMR investigations
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00811021
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NONLINEAR MHD SIMULATIONS OF WAVE DISSIPATION IN FLUX TUBES (1997)
    Springer
    Solar physics 172 (1997), S. 45-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The phase mixing and resonant dissipation of Alfvén waves is studied in both the 'closed' magnetic loops and the 'open' coronal holes observed in the hot solar corona. The resulting energy transfer from large to small length scales contributes to the heating of these magnetic structures. The nonlinear simulations show that the periodically varying shear flows that occur in the resonant layers are unstable. In coronal holes, the phase mixing of running Alfvén waves is speeded up by the 'flaring out' of the magnetic field lines in the lower chromosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004924017304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ramsey-Type Results for Geometric Graphs, I (1997)
    Springer
    Discrete & computational geometry 18 (1997), S. 247-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. For any 2-coloring of the ${n \choose 2}$ segments determined by n points in general position in the plane, at least one of the color classes contains a non-self-intersecting spanning tree. Under the same assumptions, we also prove that there exist $\lfloor (n+1)/3 \rfloor$ pairwise disjoint segments of the same color, and this bound is tight. The above theorems were conjectured by Bialostocki and Dierker. Furthermore, improving an earlier result of Larman et al., we construct a family of m segments in the plane, which has no more than $m^{\log 4/\log 27}$ members that are either pairwise disjoint or pairwise crossing. Finally, we discuss some related problems and generalizations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00009317
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radon variations in a Hungarian village (1997)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 31 (1997), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Geochemistry ; Porosity ; Radioactivity ; Radon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  A steady radon exhalation is assumed in most publications. In a village of North-East Hungary, however, high radon concentrations have been measured, differing strongly in neighbouring houses and varying in time, due to the interplay of geochemical phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050171
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotenoid composition of the fruits of Capsicum annuum Cv. Bovet 4 during ripening (1997)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 205 (1997), S. 388-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Capsicum annuum ; Carotenoids ; Analyses ; Maturation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  The changes in the carotenoid pigments of the Capsicum annuum cv. Bovet 4 during ripening have been investigated quantitatively by means of an HPLC technique. In the chromatograms, 56 peaks were detected and 34 carotenoids were identified. In the ripe fruits, capsanthin, capsorubin, zeaxanthin, cucurbitaxanthin A, and β-carotene were found to be the main carotenoids, the remainder being capsanthin 5,6-epoxide, capsanthin 3,6-epoxide, karpoxanthin, cucurbitaxanthin B, violaxanthin, cycloviolaxanthin, antheraxanthin, capsanthone, nigroxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and several cis isomers and furanoid oxides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170050186
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