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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fas ligand is expressed in normal skin and in some cutaneous malignancies (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 139 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fas, a cell surface receptor and member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily, induces apoptosis upon oligomerization by its ligand (Fas ligand: FasL). Detailed studies have revealed that Fas is broadly expressed in normal human tissues, but relatively little is known about the range of cell types capable of expressing FasL. The aim of this study was to determine the in vivo patterns of expression of Fas and FasL in human skin tissues. Immunohistochemistry was performed using paraffin-embedded samples of normal and neoplastic skin tissues. In normal skin, FasL was expressed in the epidermis, sebaceous glands, sweat glands and outer root sheath of the hair. In squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), all cases analysed expressed FasL at high levels, whereas 60% of basal cell carcinomas (BCC) were positive for FasL. Expression of Fas in normal skin was observed in the basal and spinous layers of the epidermis, the outer root sheath of the hair, and the sebaceous glands. Expression of Fas was observed in all the SCC tested and none of the BCC tested. Expression of FasL by normal cells and tumour cells in skin tissue, demonstrated for the first time in the present study, may provide an important clue to understanding skin physiology, and immune evasion of skin tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02353.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the fluorine loading level on the skeletal isomerization of 1-butene over fluorine-modified alumina (1998)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 51 (1998), S. 101-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: 1-butene ; skeletal isomerization ; fluorine-modified alumina ; acid site concentration ; monomolecular reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract γ-alumina catalysts modified with different weight loadings of fluorine have been used for skeletal isomerization of 1-butene in order to investigate the effects of the fluorine loading level on the conversion of 1-butene and the selectivity to isobutene formation. Increasing the actual loading of fluorine up to 0.012 wt% led to an increase in conversion of 1-butene over fluorine-modified γ-alumina catalysts, while the high selectivity to isobutene remains almost unchanged. On the other hand, a clear trend of increasing 1-butene conversion with a decreasing selectivity to isobutene is observed for the γ-alumina catalysts with higher loadings of fluorine. An analysis of the results from the thermal analysis, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, infrared and the 1-butene sorption measurments clearly indicates that the number of strong acid sites in the modified γ-alumina catalysts is greatly enhanced at fluorine loadings higher than 0.012 wt%, leading to the acceleration of 1-butene oligomerization followed by cracking to light hydrocarbons. Therefore, the 1-butene isomerization selectivity from fluorine-modified γ-alumina catalysts can be understood in terms of a competition between the monomolecular and bimolecular reaction pathways, which highly depend on the concentration of strong acid sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019037017971
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron Conductance and Lifetimes in a Ballistic Electron Waveguide (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 92 (1998), S. 519-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Conductance ; electron waveguide ; electron scattering ; Landauer formula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ballistic electron waveguides are open quantum systems that can be formed at very low temperatures at a GaAs/AlGaAs interface. Dissipation due to electron–phonon and electron–electron interactions in these systems is negligible. Although the electrons only interact with the walls of the waveguide, they can have a complicated spectrum including both positive energy bound states and quasibound states which appear as complex energy poles of the scattering S-matrix or energy Green's function. The quasibound states can give rise to zeros in the waveguide conductance as the energy of the electrons is varied. The width of the conduction zeros is determined by the lifetimes of the quasibound states. The “complex energy spectrum” associated with the quasibound states also governs the survival probability of electrons placed in the waveguide cavities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023032420009
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity of Inorganic Compounds in the Spirotox Test: A Miniaturized Version of the Spirostomum ambiguum Test (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 34 (1998), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The Spirostomum ambiguum toxicity test has been intensively studied in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Warsaw University of Medicine for the last 5 years. The purpose of the present work was to develop and evaluate a miniaturized microplate version of the test, called the Spirotox test, and to estimate the toxicity of selected inorganic compounds to the Spirostomum ambiguum. The test was carried out in conventional 24-well (6 × 4) polystyrene multiwell plate. Preliminary test was one control and 11 toxicant concentrations with two duplicates. Definitive test was one control and five toxicant concentrations with three duplicates per concentration. Dilution of the sample was made directly in the plate. Toxicity series of heavy metals based on 24-h LC50 may be established as follows: Cu 〉 Ag 〉 Hg 〉 Cr 〉 Cd 〉 Zn 〉 Ni 〉 Pb 〉 Co 〉 Mn. The series may be divided into four classes: extremely toxic: below 0.1 ppm (Cu, Ag, Hg); very toxic: 0.1–1.0 ppm (Cr, Cd, Zn, Ni); toxic: 1.0–10 ppm (Pb, Co); and low toxic: above 10 ppm (Mn). Anions were much less toxic to S. ambiguum than cations. Using the same classification, only cyanide (CN) was toxic, other anions were low toxic. Toxicity series based on 24-h LC50 may be established as follows: CN 〉 SeO3 〉 Cr2O7 〉 NO2 〉 S2O3 〉WO4 〉 BO3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900278
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decreased apoptosis in the brain and premature lethality in CPP32-deficient mice (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 384 (1996), S. 368-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We designed a targeting vector that replaces a Hindlll genomic fragment encoding a conserved motif (QACRG) with the neomy-cin resistance gene (neo) (Fig. la). The correct homologous event in embryonic stem (ES) cells was confirmed by Southern blot analysis (Fig. Ib), and the absence of CPP32 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/384368a0
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free convection from an arbitrarily inclined plate in a porous medium (1996)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 32 (1996), S. 55-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung  Es wird ein mathematisches Modell zur Beschreibung des Strömungsverhaltens und des Wärmeübergangs bei freier Konvektion an einer beliebig geneigten, isothermen, ebenen Platte, die in ein poröses Medium eingebettet ist, vorgestellt, wobei die Auftriebskraft über die Darcy/Boussinesq-Approximation erfaßt wird. Durch die Einführung eines Neigungsparameters ζ lassen sich zwischen vertikal und horizontal beliebig orientierte Platten durch einen einzigen Satz transformierter Grenzschichtgleichungen beschreiben. Für die Grenzfälle ζ=0 (horizontal) und ζ=1 (vertikal) liefern die transformierten Gleichungen die bekannten Ähnlichkeitsbeziehungen. Für einen weiten Bereich des Parameters ζ werden Ergebnisse bezüglich Reibungsbeiwert und Nusselt-Zahl, so wie die dimensionslosen Geschwindigkeitsund Temperaturprofile mitgeteilt. Beim Vergleich mit Ähnlichkeitslösungen zeigt sich ausgezeichnete Übereinstimmung.
    Notes: Abstract  A mathematical model for the flow and heat transfer in the free convection from an arbitrary inclined isothermal flat plate embedded in a porous medium is presented, in which the Darcy–Boussinesq approximation is adopted to account for bouyancy force. A novel inclination parameter ξ is proposed such that all cases of the horizontal, inclined and vertical plates can be described by a single set of transformed boundary layer equations. Moreover, the similarity equations for the limiting cases of the horizontal and vertical plates are recovered from the transformed equations by setting ξ=0 and ξ=1, respectively. Detailed results for the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number as well as for the dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles are presented for a wide range of the parameter ξ. A comparison with similarity solution shows excellent agreement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050091
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence evaluation of two generic formulations of oral artesunate (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 53 (1998), S. 375-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Artesunate ; Dihydroartemisinin ; Pharmacokinetics ; Bioequivalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050397
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of quinine in patients with chronic renal failure (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 497-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Quinine ; Malaria; pharmacokinetics ; chronic renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Methods: We investigated the pharmacokinetics of quinine (Qn) following administration of a single oral dose of 600 mg Qn sulphate in six male Thai patients with a moderate degree of chronic renal failure (CRF), and six male Thai subjects with normal renal function. Results: The drug was well tolerated in both groups of subjects; no major adverse reactions were observed. A marked alteration in the pharmacokinetics of Qn was found in patients with CRF compared to healthy subjects; there were six signifiicant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters. Absorption was delayed, but increased in CRF (tmax 4.5 vs 1.6 h, Cmax 6.17 vs 3.45 μg ⋅ml−1). Total clearance was significantly reduced (0.94 vs 2.84 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅kg−1, whereas Vz/f remained unchanged (1.82 vs 2.78 l ⋅kg−1). This resulted in the increased values of AUC and prolongation of the t1/2z and MRT in the patients (AUC 181.5 vs 61.8 μg ⋅min−1 ⋅ml−1, t1/2z 26 vs 9.7 h, MRT 36.4 vs 11.3 h). Median concentrations of plasma unbound fraction of Qn collected at 4 h after drug administration in patients and healthy subjects were 7.3 vs 9.8%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050056
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of quinine in patients with chronic renal failure (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 497-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Quinine ; Malaria ; pharmacokinetics ; chronic renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Methods: We investigated the pharmacokinetics of quinine (Qn) following administration of a single oral dose of 600 mg Qn sulphate in six male Thai patients with a moderate degree of chronic renal failure (CRF), and six male Thai subjects with normal renal function. Results: The drug was well tolerated in both groups of subjects; no major adverse reactions were observed. A marked alteration in the pharmacokinetics of Qn was found in patients with CRF compared to healthy subjects; there were six signifiicant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters. Absorption was delayed, but increased in CRF (tmax 4.5 vs 1.6 h, Cmax 6.17 vs 3.45 μg·ml−1). Total clearance was significantly reduced 0.94 vs 2.84 ml·min−1·kg−1, whereas Vz/f remained unchanged (1.82 vs 2.78 1·kg−1). This resulted in the increased values of AUC and prolongation of the t1/2z and MRT in the patients (AUC 181.5 vs 61.8 μg·min−1·ml−1, t1/2z 26 vs 9.7 h, MRT 36.4 vs 11.3 h). Median concentrations of plasma unbound fraction of Qn collected at 4 h after drug administration in patients and healthy subjects were 7.3 vs 9.8%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195937
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The association of skin diseases with human herpesvirus 8 infection in HIV carriers (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 1881-1892 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The seroprevalence to Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) was surveyed in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) carriers with or without skin diseases, and also in HIV-1 negative individuals in Thailand. Using an immunofluorescence assay, the seropositive rates to lytic antigens of HHV-8 in HIV-1 carriers with or without skin diseases were 25% and 7.4%, respectively, but none of HIV-1 negative individuals had antibody. The seroprevalence to HHV-8 antigens was high in HIV positive individuals with low CD4/CD8 ratio, suggesting that HHV-8 is reactivated during the immunosuppressive state. Several polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 34–38,000 and 40,000, which were specific to HHV-8, were identified by the immunoprecipitation test using the seropositive sera. Our results suggested that HHV-8 co-existed with HIV in HIV-1 carriers and the existence of HHV-8 may be associated with clinical features in the skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050427
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