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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the optical phase change memory alloy, Ag–V–In–Sb–Te, determined by optical spectroscopy and electron diffraction (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 3214-3218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structure of the optical phase change memory alloy, silver–vanadium–indium–antimony–tellurium (AVIST), has been investigated by the methods of optical reflectivity change, Raman spectroscopy, and electron diffraction. In order to identify each phase, Sb, AgSb, AgSbTe, and AgInTe films were also studied. The Raman spectrum of an AVIST thin film annealed at 523 K for 1 h in Ar gas, shows two main broad peaks around 116 and 150 cm−1. These peaks appear to be related to Sb vibration modes in the AVIST alloy, but their relative intensities are reversed for the AVIST films in comparison with those for a Sb film. Furthermore, in AVIST, the peak at 116 cm−1 shifts to lower wave number when the vanadium content is increased from 0.4 to 4.7 at %. The electron diffraction pattern of AVIST alloy indicates that the AgSbTe2 crystalline phase dominates rather than Sb. A model of the structure of AVIST consistent with these observations is proposed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365627
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical transitions of Er3+ ions in ZnCl2-based glass (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 6259-6266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Optical absorption and emission properties of Er3+ ions in ZnCl2-based glasses are investigated. The electric dipole line strengths for various transitions were estimated from the measured optical absorption spectra. The spontaneous emission probabilities for various transitions were predicted using the Judd–Ofelt theory. Among Ωt (t=2, 4, 6) phenomenological intensity parameters, the Ω2 value is larger than that measured for ZrF4-based glass. On the contrary, the Ω4 and Ω6 values are comparatively small. Multiphonon relaxation rates follow a so-called "energy-gap law" which is given by WMPR=C exp(−αΔE). The C value is quite smaller than that of the ZrF4-based glass by about two orders of magnitude. This result is attributed to the very low-phonon-energy of the chloride glass matrix. On the other hand, the α value is almost the same as those of other glass hosts. Because of the low-phonon-energy and the host-independent α value, the electron–phonon coupling constant ε of the ZnCl2-based glass is extremely large compared with those of oxide and fluoride glasses. It was also found that several emissions due to transitions between the excited 4 f-levels are detectable, which are hardly observed in other glass hosts. Radiative quantum efficiency is definitively high even for emitting levels of which the energy-gap to the next-lower level is small. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366545
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defect formation in GeO2–SiO2 glass by poling with ArF laser excitation (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 993-995 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated formation of Ge-related defects in a GeO2–SiO2 glass fiber preformed by poling with ArF laser excitation. Electric field dependence of the induced-defect concentrations was measured by means of the optical absorption. Several color centers such as the germanium electron-trapped centers and the Ge E′ center were induced. Concentrations of the induced germanium electron-trapped centers and Ge E′ center increase with increasing the electric field. Conversion efficiency from the germanium electron-trapped centers to the Ge E′ center was found to be independent of the electric field. The present result strongly suggests that the poling with ArF laser excitation is effective in the present GeO2–SiO2 glass for the formation of germanium electron-trapped centers. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119749
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonradiative decay processes and mechanisms of frequency upconversion of Er3+ in ZrF4–BaF2–LaF3 glass (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2940-2945 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the decay processes of the Er:4S3/2 and 4F9/2 states and the mechanisms of frequency upconversion under 800 nm excitation of Er3+ in ternary ZrF4–BaF2–LaF3 glasses. The decay processes of the Er:4S3/2 and 4F9/2 states are discussed on the basis of the Er concentration dependence of the fluorescence lifetime. The quantum efficiencies of emission of the 4S3/2 and 4F9/2 states are 73% and 25%, respectively. The difference in the quantum efficiencies between these states can be explained from the difference in the multiphonon decay rates: the multiphonon decay rate of the 4S3/2 state is much smaller than that of the 4F9/2 state. The multiphonon relaxation is a dominant nonradiative decay process of the 4F9/2 state. A dominant nonradiative decay process of the 4S3/2 state is self-quenching at high Er concentrations. The upconversion mechanisms under 800 nm excitation are also investigated from the dependence of upconversion luminescence on excitation wavelengths (800 and 980 nm), excitation laser power, and Er concentration. The mechanism of upconversion from 800 to 660 nm is mainly due to the energy transfer between the 4I9/2→4I13/2 and 4F9/2←4I11/2 transitions. We also show that the upconversion from 800 to 550 nm is due to excited-state absorption. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364324
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Unique Response to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B by Intrahepatic Lymphocytes and its Relevance to the Induction of Tolerance in the Liver (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 46 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It has been reported that the intrahepatic lymphocyte (IHL) population is somewhat differently constituted from lymphocytes in other lymphoid tissues. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a superantigen which can induce T-cell tolerance in mice. The authors investigated the in vitro and in vivo responses of mouse IHL to SEB. An intravenous injection of SEB did not result in the augmentation of the proliferative response of IHL, while mesenteric and splenic lymphocytes (mLNC and SPC, respectively) had augmented responses. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA was clearly detected in mLNC and SPC by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) shortly after the administration of SEB, but it was scarcely expressed in IHL. The expression of CD25 (IL-2 receptor) was also augmented in mLNC and SPC in the early period, while it was not changed in IHL. These findings suggested that the time required for tolerance induction is different locally and that the loss of augmentation of IL-2 and IL-2 receptor production by IHL may be relevant to the rapid induction of T-cell tolerance in the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-118.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Optical Activity of Crystalline L-Aspartic Acid (1997)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 763-771 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In a project of revealing gyro-optical properties of amino acids that build up proteins, all the components of the gyration tensor and the birefringence of L-aspartic acid have been successfully measured as a function of temperature although the crystal belongs to the monoclinic system. The temperature dependence of the rotation of the gyration surface around the crystallographic b axis was also clarified. It is of interest that the chirality index of this crystal was found to be almost the same as that of glutamic acid, another amino acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767397004595
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tribological Properties and Morphology of Polyamide/Polyolefin Blends (1997)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 137 (Apr. 1997), p. 94-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/44/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.137.94.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of adriamycin-impregnated methylmethacrylate in the treatment of tumor metastases in the long bones (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 116 (1997), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Internal fixation or endoprosthetic replacement of a long bone metastatic lesion was performed using adriamycin-containing bone cement (methylmethacrylate) after resection or curettage of the lesion in 25 patients (27 limbs). Survival rate, limb function, and local recurrence rate were retrospectively evaluated in this patient cohort. Survival rate was 53% at 12 months and 30% at 24 months, which was better than in previous reports. One patient showed local recurrence radiographically. Postoperatively, none of the patients developed infection, delayed wound healing, myelo-suppression attributed to adriamycin, and 74% of the patients were able to walk outdoors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433983
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of adriamycin-impregnated methylmethacrylate in the treatment of tumor metastases in the long bones (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 116 (1997), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Internal fixation or endoprosthetic replacement of a long bone metastatic lesion was performed using adriamycin-containing bone cement (methylmethacrylate) after resection or curettage of the lesion in 25 patients (27 limbs). Survival rate, limb function, and local recurrence rate were retrospectively evaluated in this patient cohort. Survival rate was 53% at 12 months and 30% at 24 months, which was better than in previous reports. One patient showed local recurrence radiographically. Postoperatively, none of the patients developed infection, delayed wound healing, myelo-suppression attributed to adriamycin, and 74% of the patients were able to walk outdoors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004020050131
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Struma ovarii: MR appearances (1997)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 100 -102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Ovaries—Neoplasms—Struma ovarii—MR imaging.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: Analysis of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images of struma ovarii, a rare benign neoplasm of the ovary, is the aim of this study. Methods: T2-weighted and Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted MR images of five histologically proven struma ovarii were evaluated retrospectively. Results: In all patients, unenhanced and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images showed complex cystic masses composed of multiple cysts and a solid component, indicating the presence of large and small thyroid follicles. In four patients, the cyst fluid was hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. In one patient, the fluid was hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images due to hemorrhage. Conclusion: A complex mass composed of multiple cysts and a solid component, indicating the presence of large and small thyroid follicles, appeared to be a characteristic MR finding of struma ovarii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900150
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