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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1970-1974
  • 2001  (1)
  • 1999  (2)
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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1970-1974
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Passivation of oxygen-related donors in microcrystalline silicon by low temperature deposition (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 2330-2332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-temperature processing for high-performance solar cells based on hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) has been developed using a conventional rf plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique at an excitation frequency of 13.56 MHz under a high deposition pressure condition. Among pin type solar cells, it is found that deposition temperature of i-layer at 140 °C is effective particularly for improving open circuit voltage (Voc), surprisingly without deteriorating short circuit current or fill factor. Carrier density of undoped μc-Si abruptly decreases for deposition temperatures lower than 180 °C, and the improvement of Voc is ascribed to a decrease of shunt leakage current arising from the oxygen-related donors. This implies that oxygen-related donors can be passivated at low deposition temperatures and that hydrogen plays an important role for the passivation. We propose a simple model for the hydrogen passivation of oxygen related donors. We apply this passivation technique to solar cells, and consequently a conversion efficiency of 8.9% (Voc=0.51 V, Jsc=25 mA/cm−1, FF=0.70) has been obtained in spite of an oxygen concentration of 2×1019 cm−3 in combination with device optimization such as a p-layer. Effect of deposition temperature of i-layer upon other solar cell parameter, short circuit current, and fill factor is also discussed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1364657
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical effect of intra-articular injections of high molecular weight hyaluronate in rheumatoid arthritis patients (1999)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 48 (1999), S. 154-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Rheumatoid arthritis — Hyaluronate — Intra-articular injection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the biochemical characteristics of synovial fluids after treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with intra-articularly injected hyaluronate (HA).¶Treatment: In a double-blind study, 13 patients received intra-articular injections of 1% HA in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) while 13 other patients were injected 0.01% HA in PBS, as the control group. Injections were administered once a week for five weeks.¶Methods: Clinical efficacy and characteristics of synovial fluid were compared between groups.¶Results: Significant clinical improvement was observed in the HA-treated group compared to the control group. The viscosity of retained synovial fluid increased. Stringing and HA concentration increased significantly whereas the concentrations of protein and chondroitin sulfate 4 and 6 decreased significantly. The HA molecular weight remained the same in both groups.¶Conclusion: Intra-articular HA injection altered the properties of synovial fluid and proved efficacious for patients with RA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050439
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic contribution of the BAT2 gene microsatellite polymorphism to the age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (1999)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 105 (1999), S. 197-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The BAT2 gene lies within the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex. We investigated the frequency of the BAT2 microsatellite alleles (BAT2) in 74 young-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, 51 adult-onset IDDM patients, and 85 normal control subjects, and assessed the associations among these BAT2 alleles, TNFa microsatellite alleles (TNFa), and HLA-DRB1 alleles. The frequency of the BAT2.9 allele was significantly increased in the young-onset IDDM patients (12.8 vs 4.1%, Pc=0.04896), whereas the frequency of BAT2.12 allele was significantly decreased in young-onset IDDM patients (0.0 vs 11.8%, Pc=0.00002) compared with control subjects. The BAT2.9 allele was strongly associated with TNFa9 in the young-onset IDDM patients, although no association was found between the BAT2.9 and HLA-DRB1 alleles. The BAT2.12 allele was strongly associated with TNFa13, and with DRB1*1502 in control subjects. These results suggest that the BAT2 microsatellite polymorphism is associated with the age-at-onset of IDDM and possibly with the inflammatory process of pancreatic β-cell destruction during the development of IDDM. However, this association is not independent of TNFa polymorphisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900100
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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