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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is ICI 182,780 an antiprogestin in addition to being an antiestrogen? (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 60 (2000), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: estrogens ; antiestrogens ; antiprogestins ; progestins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 has been shown to have antiprogestin activity in reporter gene constructs. Cell lines, naturally devoid of progesterone receptors (PR) were transfected with either the A or B forms of the human PR and a luciferase construct driven by a progesterone-response element (PRE). Because this system is an artificial one, our purpose was to determine whether these observations could be made in a human breast cancer cell line, naturally containing PR. We further evaluated the dose-response of ICI 182,780 and RU-486 (mifepristone) on PR and estrogen receptors (ER) in the presence of either progesterone, norgestrel or estradiol. These effects were measured using immunoassays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein (hK2) and pS2. We found that ICI 182,780 blocked progesterone-stimulated PSA and hK2 production 100% at 10−5 M, which decreased significantly by 10−6 M. This inhibition did not occur when norgestrel was the progestin used. RU-486 showed 100% blockade for both progestins at all concentrations used. We concluded that the antiprogestin activity of ICI 182,780 exists for progesterone only. This weak antiprogestin activity may be unlikely to have significant clinical implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006334132303
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comment on "Thermal nonequilibrium of the shock-compressed state of polymers realized by 1 GPa shock waves" [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6592 (1998)] (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 2177-2178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a recent article, Nagayama and Mori [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6592 (1998)] arrived at several conclusions concerning the thermodynamic nature of shock loaded plexiglass in the low stress range. Their departure point is the kink in the shock velocity-particle velocity curve for this material from which they obtain kinks in the temperature versus shock stress and Gruneisen parameter versus compression curves. These results are in sharp contrast with our conclusions concerning these entities which were published in the early 80's. Our experimental work relied on measuring the temperature of the shock loaded plexiglass using very thin copper thermistors embedded in the specimens. This technique and our main results are reviewed here. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1305901
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of strain gauges in the measurement of the B1/B2 phase transformation in shock-loaded potassium chloride (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 2765-2768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The shock induced phase transformation in potassium chloride (from the NaCl B1 structure to the CsCl B2 structure) has been investigated using constantan strain gauges. These gauges have been mounted in pressed, polycrystalline samples in an orientation that renders them sensitive to the uniaxial strain that characterizes the plate impact geometry. At the phase transformation stress (of ∼2 GPa), measured strains of ∼ −0.1 were observed, slightly higher than the values quoted in the literature. We suggested that residual porosity within the microstructure is a possible explanation. Over impact stresses of 2.5–4.0 GPa, total measured strains agree with the work of others at the lower end of our measured range, but are significantly lower at higher stresses. We suggest that this might be due to the nonequilibrium state of the material at the time of measurement. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372253
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic External Defibrillators for Prevention of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Death: (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Approaches to the prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) include strategies designed to attack the problem from the multiple perspectives of primary prevention of the underlying diseases, prophylactic treatment of high-risk individuals with identified diseases, and responses to cardiac arrest victims in the community. The latter strategy began with conventional fire department-based emergency rescue systems (emergency medical services [EMS]) that originated in the early 1970s. Although such systems were innovative and impressive at the time, they are limited by less-than-optimal response times that translate to low survival rates. Newer strategies, designed to respond faster, include a variety of methods, including ambulance- and police-based automatic external defibrillators (AEDs), deployment of AEDs in settings in which crowds accumulate and designated rescuers are available, and more general public access sites. The value of conventional EMS systems remains because of their ability to provide advanced life support as part of a dual-response system. These approaches, in conjunction with better primary and secondary prevention strategies, offer the hope of reducing the SCD burden. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. S108-S116, September 2003, Suppl.)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.14.s9.4.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sample size effect in photoelectrochemical etching of n-GaAs (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1319-1321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A sample size effect on the etching rate in the photoelectrochemical etching of n-GaAs is demonstrated using synchrotron radiation x rays as the light source. It is shown that the etching rate increases significantly with the ratio of sample size to x-ray illuminated area. The rate-limiting effect on the charge transfer across the semiconductor–electrolyte junction is found to account for the phenomenon. It is also found that the etching rate relates to the nonilluminated area with a rather simple function. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289908
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synchrotron-radiation-induced, selective-area deposition of gold on polyimide from solution (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2014-2016 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Room-temperature photoinduced, selective-area deposition of gold films on polyimide from gold salt solution using synchrotron radiation x rays is described. A film growth rate as high as 40 nm/min is obtained. For thickness 〈50 nm, the films consist of nanograins with a grain size of about 200 nm. For thicker films, gold deposit forms a ramified morphology on top of the nanograin film. The change in morphology is discussed in terms of the change in the yield of the photoelectrons generated by x rays as a function of growth. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126239
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BEYOND THE LOGIC OF EMBLEMIZATION: REMEMBERING AND LEARNING FROM THE MONTREAL MASSACRE (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Educational theory 50 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-5446
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Education
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5446.2000.00133.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SIMULATED IMPACTS OF EL NINO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION ON UNITED STATES WATER RESOURCES (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 39 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : The El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena alter global weather patterns with consequences for fresh water supply. ENSO events impact regions and their natural resource sectors around the globe. For example, in 1997 and 1998, a strong El Nino brought warm ocean temperatures, flooding, and record snowfall to the west coast of the United States. Research on ENSO events has improved long range climate predictions, affording the potential to reduce the damage and economic cost of these weather patterns. Here, using the Hydrologic Unit Model for the United States (HUMUS), we simulate the impacts of four types of ENSO states (Neutral, El Niño, La Niña, and strong El Niño) on water resources in the conterminous United States. The simulations show that La Niña conditions increase water yield across much of the country. We find that water yield increases during El Niño years across the south while declining in much of the rest of the country. However, under strong El Niño conditions, regional water yields are much higher than Neutral, especially along the West Coast. Strong El Niño is not simply an amplification of El Niño; it leads to strikingly different patterns of water resource response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb01567.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ERRATA (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 39 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04441.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Satisfaction and Use of Prenatal Care: Their Relationship Among African-American Women in a Large Managed Care Organization (2003)
    Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Birth 30 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-536X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: :Background: Although many more mothers of almost all ethnic groups began prenatal care in the first trimester during the last decade, a significant number of low-income and minority women still fail to obtain adequate care in the United States—a failure that may be related to their dissatisfaction with the prenatal care experience. This study sought to examine the relationship between satisfaction with care and subsequent prenatal care utilization among African-American women using prospective methods.Methods: A sample of 125 Medicaid and 275 non-Medicaid African-American adult women seeking care through a large Midwest managed care organization were interviewed before or at 28 weeks’ gestation at one of two prenatal care sites. Women were interviewed about personal characteristics, prenatal care experience, and ratings of care (satisfaction). Information about subsequent use of prenatal care was obtained through retrospective medical record review after delivery. Univariate and multivariable analyses examining the relationship between women's satisfaction and prenatal care use were conducted using a dichotomous measure of satisfaction and a continuous measure of utilization.Results: Women were highly satisfied with prenatal care, with an overall mean satisfaction score of 80.3. Non-Medicaid women were significantly (p 〈 0.05) less satisfied with their prenatal care (mean score, 79.1) than Medicaid women (mean score, 82.8), and the latter had significantly fewer visits on average than the former subsequent to the interview. Analyses showed no significant difference in subsequent utilization according to whether a woman had a high versus low level of satisfaction at the prenatal care interview.Conclusions: This study challenges the assumption that improving a woman's satisfaction with care will lead to an increase in the adequacy of her prenatal care utilization. Since this study was limited to African-American women and is the first prospective study of women's satisfaction with care and prenatal care utilization, the negative findings do not yet settle this area of inquiry. Monitoring women's satisfaction with prenatal care in both managed care and fee-for-service settings and working to improve those aspects of care associated with decreased satisfaction is warranted. (BIRTH 30:1 March 2003)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-536X.2003.00213.x
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