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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 3070-3072 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A cubic Si3N4 phase/nanostructure has been characterized by means of high-resolution analytical electron microscopy. The specimen prepared from β-Si3N4 powders at a high pressure and temperature by shock wave compression contained nanometer-sized Si3N4 crystallites. The results of nano-beam electron diffraction analysis and high-resolution lattice images as well as computer simulations revealed that the Si3N4 crystallites had a cubic symmetry with spinel structure. The electron energy loss spectrum suggested that the chemical compositions of these nanostructures were close to Si3N4. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1548-1551 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Interferometer measurements are extremely informative in shock wave studies allowing direct evaluations of the gas density. The primary goal of the work presented is to build a laser interferometer that meets the requirements of the highest possible simplicity, economy, convenience, and ease of construction. In our experiments, we used a low average power (10 mW) He–Ne laser without complication, expense, and environmental section. The He–Ne laser interferometer with the Michelson arrangement was used to measure the line-averaged gas densities of shock waves. Temporal and spatial measurements of the density were performed for shock wave developments from high-current pulse discharges. The shock wave propagates in the radial direction of the discharge channel with supersonic speed. The shock velocity, however, decreased from 2–0.5 km/s with the distance of the shock propagation. The width of the high density region, that is in the vicinity of the shock front was compressed from 3.5 to 1.8 mm according to the time variation of the discharge current. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6579-6581 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic properties of the intergranular phase in the bcc-Fe/NdFeB nanocomposite alloys containing Nb and Co were investigated with Mössbauer spectroscopy. The alloys were prepared with melt-spinning and post-annealing method. It is revealed that the intergranular phase is not amorphous as considered so far and consists of several thin layers outside the nanoscale grains of bcc-Fe and Nd2Fe14B. The hyperfine field in the layer on the surface of the grain is rather strong and the structure of this layer is similar to the grain. The field in the outer layers is reduced because the structure becomes indistinct gradually as the layer is apart from the grain. The high remanence and coercive field of the nanocomposite alloys may originate from the magnetic coupling between grains via the intergranular ferromagnetic phase. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It has been known that high amounts of ‘heat shock proteins (HSPs)’ are produced under heat and other environmental stresses in cells. Recently, it was reported that HSP could also be accumulated in some dermal cells to protect the cellular proteins from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation. Here, the authors have focused on thermophilic cyanobacteria and the heat shock treatment. Thermophilic cyanobacteria are known to thrive under extreme environmental conditions, and produce distinctively high amounts of HSP when exposed to higher temperatures. We tested cell extract from heat-shocked cyanobacterial cells on a number of skin-related biological activities and found it significantly effective. The cyanobacterial cells, originally collected from a spa as hot as 55 °C, were cultivated in the laboratory at 50 °C and broken by a freeze-fracture method. The extract thus obtained had a superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and inhibited lipid peroxide formation. We found that the extract obtained from the heat-shocked (at 63 °C) cells showed a much stronger SOD-like activity, while the inhibitory effect on lipid peroxide formation remained almost the same. Furthermore, the SOD-like activity could withstand heat up to 70 °C for as long as 1 h. Most remarkably, supplementing this heat-shocked extract strongly promoted the proliferation of human dermal fibroblast culture. Extracts from the cells grown at a regular temperature (50 °C) did not promote the proliferation of the fibroblasts. The heat-shocked extract was fractionated by ultrafiltration for further analysis. A fraction (molecular weight: 10 000–30 000) has shown the strongest activity so far. These results indicate that the heat-shocked cyanobacterial extract with its increased amounts of HSPs is a promising potent ingredient for anti-aging cosmetic materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 3706-3708 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: β-Si3N4 powders were shock compressed and quenched from 12 to 115 GPa. β-Si3N4 transforms to the spinel-type Si3N4 (c-Si3N4) by a fast reconstructive process at pressures above about 20 GPa. The yield of c-Si3N4 recovered from 50 GPa and about 2400 K reaches about 80% and the grain sizes are about 10–50 nm. It is proposed that the fast transformation to c-Si3N4 occurs by rearrangement of nitrogen stacking layers, which initiates partial breakup of the SiN4 tetrahedra and formation of SiN6 octahedra at high density. Because of the advantages of massive production and the nanometer characteristics of shock-synthesized c-Si3N4, it is possible to investigate the mechanical properties experimentally and to develop new industrial applications. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cytopathology 15 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 27 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A histopathological study was carried out on ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, with bacterial haemorrhagic ascites. The fish were obtained from culture ponds in Wakayama Prefecture in 2003. The causative agent was identified as Pseudomonas plecoglossicida by a slide agglutination test using anti-P. plecoglossicida FPC941 serum. Histopathological studies revealed lesions in spleen, kidney, liver, intestine, heart and gills. Lesions in the spleen and haematopoietic tissue were prominent and invaded by P. plecoglossicida. Necrotic lesions accompanied by haemorrhage, fibrin deposition and oedema occurred in the splenic pulp and sheathed tissue, and in the kidney. The liver also had necrotic lesions and abscess formations. However, the intestine, heart and gills were only slightly invaded by P. plecoglossicida. No lesions or bacteria were observed in the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 143 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report a 52-year-old patient with cutaneous angiomas on the trunk in association with angiotropic lymphoma involving the nervous system. The lesional skin showed proliferation of atypical B cells in the capillaries. The diagnosis of angiotropic lymphoma with neurological deficits is often difficult before death. Thus, skin biopsy in this case proved to be diagnostic of the central nervous system disease without the risk of brain biopsy. The diagnosis of angiotropic lymphoma in the future may be achievable by biopsy of coincidental angiomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives: Recently, interleukin (IL) 4 gene polymorphisms have been analyzed in association with periodontitis. Genetic differences between Caucasian and Japanese patients with periodontitis have previously been detected. The aim of the present study was to analyze IL-4 genotypes in Caucasian and Japanese patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP).Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty-four subjects were included in the study, 31 Japanese and 30 Caucasian patients with generalized AgP, plus 30 Japanese and 33 Caucasian healthy controls. IL-4 polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction. A logistic regression was used to investigate the possible association of the genotypes with the disease in both populations. Odds ratio (OR) estimates were analyzed for allele frequencies.Results: No significant association of IL-4 polymorphisms with the risk of AgP was determined in either population. However, the allele frequencies showed different results between populations. The carriage of the polymorphism in intron 2 was higher in Caucasian patients compared with controls (OR: 2.0, 95% confidence interval: [1.0;4.2]. Furthermore, the frequency of the IL-4 promoter/intron 2 composite genotype (PP+/IP+) in patients and controls, respectively, was found to be approximately 25% and 60% higher in the Japanese population than in the Caucasian population.Conclusion: There was no evidence of an association of IL-4 genotypes and AgP in either population, although the frequencies of the IL-4 genotypes in the Japanese and the Caucasians were different.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The feasibility of three-dimensional (3-D) photonic crystals made using textile technology was investigated. Three different textures consisting of the cotton-yarn and TiO2 dispersed resin; a crossed linear-yarn laminated fabric, a multi layered woven fabric, and a 3-D woven fabric, were fabricated. The microwave attenuation of the transmission amplitude through these photonic crystals was measured. The straight cotton-yarn as well as the wavy cotton-yarn/TiO2 dispersed resin photonic crystals exhibited band gaps in the 6 to 15 GHz range. Thus, we could fabricate successfully 3-D photonic crystals using textile technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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