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  • 1
    Unbekannt
    Honolulu : University of Hawaii Press
    Schlagwort(e): Asia, Southeastern, History. ; Asie du Sud-Est, Histoire.
    Seiten: xi, 590 p.
    Ausgabe: Rev. ed
    ISBN: 0-585-26601-8
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 3820-3823 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A method to measure small changes in gain and distributed loss in laser diodes during life testing is described. The evolution of the gain spectrum was computed by measuring the true spontaneous emission spectrum and the lasing wavelength of the diode with time. This method was applied to investigate the gain spectrum of InGaN multiple quantum well ridge waveguide laser diodes operating under continuous-wave (cw) conditions during diode life testing. During lasing there were large changes in the light output power versus current characteristic, but no significant change in the forward current-voltage characteristic. No catastrophic failure occurred; the light output power decreased continuously during life testing until the device stopped lasing under cw conditions. We observed an increase in pulsed threshold current of 15(±1)%, a decrease in gain at fixed current of 11(±2)%, and a slight increase in the total optical losses of 4(±2)%. These changes occurred primarily while the device was lasing under cw conditions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 627-631 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The birefringence of a photorefractive polymer composite in response to an applied electric field is used to predict the holographic index contrast attainable. Predictions have been obtained for three different polymer composites based on the charge transfer complex matrix poly(N-vinyl carbazole)/2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone, doped with electro-optic azo chromophores differing only in their alkyl substitutions. A comparison with experimental data indicates that unexpected large variations in the holographic contrast obtainable from different chromophores are, in most cases, accounted for by a corresponding variation in electric field-induced birefringence. This variation may be due to a combination of the chromophore number density and the composite viscosity. Where the birefringence does not correlate with holographic index contrast, a prediction based on a trap density limited space-charge field fits the data well. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The performance and degradation characteristics of continuous-wave (cw) InGaN multiple-quantum-well laser diodes are reported. A cw threshold current as low as 62 mA was obtained for ridge-waveguide laser diodes on epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN on sapphire substrates grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Transmission electron microscopy reveals a defect density 〈5×107 cm−2 in the active region. The emission wavelength was near 400 nm with output powers greater than 20 mW per facet. Under cw conditions, laser oscillation was observed up to 70 °C. The room-temperature cw operation lifetimes, measured at a constant output power of 2 mW, exceeded 15 h. From the temperature dependence of the laser diode lifetimes, an activation energy of 0.50 eV±0.05 eV was determined. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2337-2339 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We demonstrate an optically pumped complex-coupled InGaN/GaN-based multiple-quantum-well distributed-feedback laser in the violet/blue spectral region. The third-order grating providing feedback was defined holographically and dry etched through a portion of the active region by chemically assisted ion-beam etching. Epitaxial overgrowth of the GaN waveguide completed the device structure without introducing dislocations, as shown by transmission electron microscopy. The laser emitted light at 392.7 nm with high side-mode suppression and a narrow linewidth of 1.5 Å. In contrast to Fabry–Pérot lasers fabricated from the same piece of material, only a very minor change in emission wavelength was observed when operating the device at higher pump intensities. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 678-680 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Orthorhombic epitaxial Sr2CeO4 thin-film phosphors were grown on (100) SrTiO3 and yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) single crystal substrates with epitaxial relationships of (100) [010]Sr2CeO4//(100)[010]SrTiO3 and (100)[010]Sr2CeO4//(100)[011]YSZ, respectively. As-deposited films exhibit a broadband photoluminescence (PL) emission, peaking at about 477–481 nm with a maximum cathodoluminescence (CL) intensity at about 465 nm. Enhanced PL intensity was observed for the films deposited on (100) YSZ and SrTiO3 substrates as compared to deposits on c-plane sapphire substrates, correlating with improved intragranular crystallinity and reducing defects via epitaxy. Postannealing in air significantly enhanced both of the PL and CL intensities. Luminous efficiency of 0.14 lm/W at 1 kV and 22 μA/cm2 was observed for a 2-μm-thick film annealed at 1000 °C in air. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Cu and Zn have been shown to accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. We have previously reported that Cu2+ and Zn2+ bind amyloid β (Aβ), explaining their enrichment in plaque pathology. Here we detail the stoichiometries and binding affinities of multiple cooperative Cu2+-binding sites on synthetic Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42. We have developed a ligand displacement technique (competitive metal capture analysis) that uses metal-chelator complexes to evaluate metal ion binding to Aβ, a notoriously self-aggregating peptide. This analysis indicated that there is a very-high-affinity Cu2+-binding site on Aβ1-42 (log Kapp = 17.2) that mediates peptide precipitation and that the tendency of this peptide to self-aggregate in aqueous solutions is due to the presence of trace Cu2+ contamination (customarily ∼0.1 μM). In contrast, Aβ1-40 has much lower affinity for Cu2+ at this site (estimated log Kapp = 10.3), explaining why this peptide is less self-aggregating. The greater Cu2+-binding affinity of Aβ1-42 compared with Aβ1-40 is associated with significantly diminished negative cooperativity. The role of trace metal contamination in inducing Aβ precipitation was confirmed by the demonstration that Aβ peptide (10 μM) remained soluble for 5 days only in the presence of high-affinity Cu2+-selective chelators.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Crystalline mullite was deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) onto SiC/SiC composites overlaid with CVD SiC. Specimens were exposed to isothermal oxidation tests in high-pressure air + H2O at 1200°C. Unprotected CVD SiC formed silica scales with a dense amorphous inner layer and a thick, porous, outer layer of cristobalite. Thin coatings (∼2 μm) of dense CVD mullite effectively suppressed the rapid oxidation of CVD SiC. No microstructural evidence of mullite volatility was observed under these temperature, pressure, and low-flow-rate conditions. Results of this preliminary study indicate that dense, crystalline, high-purity CVD mullite is stable and protective in low-velocity, high-pressure, moisture-containing environments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 31 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Minimum surgical times are positive and often large. The lognormal distribution has been proposed for modeling surgical data, and the three-parameter form of the lognormal, which includes a location parameter, should be appropriate for surgical data. We studied the goodness-of-fit performance, as measured by the Shapiro-Wilk p-value, of three estimators of the location parameter for the lognormal distribution, using a large data set of surgical times. Alternative models considered included the normal distribution and the two-parameter lognormal model, which sets the location parameter to zero. At least for samples with n 〉 30, data adequately fit by the normal had significantly smaller skewness than data not well fit by the normal, and data with larger relative minima (smallest order statistic divided by the mean) were better fit by a lognormal model. The rule “If the skewness of the data is greater than 0.35, use the three-parameter lognormal with the location parameter estimate proposed by Muralidhar & Zanakis (1992), otherwise, use the two-parameter model” works almost as well at specifying the lognormal model as more complex guidelines formulated by linear discriminant analysis and by tree induction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    The @journal of popular culture 34 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5931
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Ethnologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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