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  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004  (9)
  • 1950-1954
  • 2001  (9)
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  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004  (9)
  • 1950-1954
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanostructure of thin amorphous hydrogenated carbon films studied by positron annihilation and photoluminescence (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 404-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We deposited polymer-like a-C:H films using the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique and characterized film microstructure by variable-energy positron lifetime spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. It was confirmed that PL occurs from a chromophore in a sp2 cluster as a result of fast recombination of a photoexcited electron-hole pair. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy showed that positronium (Ps) formation takes place via electron-positron recombination in the sp3 matrix. The lifetime of ortho-positronium (o-Ps) in our a-C:H films was similar to that in polyethylene, indicating their polymer-like nature. The relative PL efficiency increased by about an order of magnitude with increasing film band gap from 1.3 to 3.4 eV, which can be related to the decreasing concentration of nonradiative centers. On the other hand, Ps formation was much less influenced by the band gap and nonradiative centers. Comparison of this result with that for polyethylene mixed with carbon-black nanoparticles, where a considerable reduction in Ps formation was observed, showed that nonradiative centers were of a different nature from the defects on the carbon nanoparticle surface. This work demonstrated the usefulness of positron lifetime spectroscopy combined with optical measurements to study the nanostructure of a-C:H. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1378063
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonant and nonresonant hyper–Rayleigh scattering of charge-transfer chromophores (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 4209-4217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The first molecular hyperpolarizabilities (β) of a series of charge-transfer nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores are measured with the hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) technique using two excitation wavelengths at 1064 and 1907 nm. The 1907 nm wavelength is the longest excitation wavelength used for the HRS experiment. For some of these chromophores, β values in excess of 1000×10−30 esu at 1907 nm are obtained, and due to two-photon enhancement, even greater β values are found with the 1064 nm excitation. Chromophores with such large hyperpolarizability are expected to have potential applications in practical electro-optical devices. The dispersion of β is analyzed using a two-vibronic-state model developed previously in our laboratory. The study shows that it is necessary to consider the vibronic structure of the chromophore in the excited state in order to account for the behavior of the first molecular hyperpolarizability of the charge-transfer NLO chromophores. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1354636
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tellurium antisites in CdZnTe (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 2728-2730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electrical properties of CdTe and Cd1−xZnxTe crystals grown under excess tellurium by a modified Bridgman technique are critically dependent on the zinc content. Below an x value of 0.07, the as-grown CdZnTe crystals are n type while, above this value, CdZnTe crystals are p type. The origin of the shallow donor level at 0.01 eV below the conduction band is most likely singly ionized Te antisites (Te at Cd sites). The origin of the deep donor level at 0.75 eV below the conduction band is therefore doubly ionized tellurium antisites. Based on this model, the conduction type of CdZnTe crystals is determined by the results of compensation between the shallow donors of Te antisites and the shallow acceptors of Cd vacancies. High resistivity Cd0.9Zn0.1Te crystals are produced by compensating the p-type crystals with indium impurity at a low doping level of 1–5×1015 cm−3. At room temperature, CdZnTe radiation detectors can resolve the six low energy peaks in the 241Am spectrum, a performance comparable to that of the best CdZnTe detectors reported. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1412588
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of prophylactic metaraminol on systemic hypotension caused by induction of anaesthesia with propofol in patients over 55 years old* (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We conducted a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study evaluating the efficacy of prophylactic metaraminol for preventing propofol-induced hypotension. Thirty patients aged 55–75 years undergoing general anaesthesia were randomly allocated to receive either metaraminol 0.5 mg or saline before administration of fentanyl 1 µg.kg−1 and propofol 2 mg.kg−1. Induction of anaesthesia was associated with a decrease in mean and systolic arterial pressure in both groups (p = 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups. These results show that prophylactic use of metaraminol 0.5 mg does not prevent the decrease in blood pressure following fentanyl and propofol induction in older patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.02059-4.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shear force scanning near-field optical microscope based on a piezoelectric bimorph cantilever (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2344-2349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In this article we present a simple, nonoptical shear force detection scheme to control probe–sample distance for a scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM). Shear force detection is realized by attaching a tapered optical fiber probe to a piezoelectric bimorph cantilever in which one piezo layer generates a maximum piezo voltage when the cantilever is excited at resonance by the other piezo layer. The amplitude of the piezo voltage will decrease as the probe approaches a sample's surface due to probe–sample interacting shear force. Keeping the piezo voltage constant provides a very sensitive method by which to control probe–sample distance. Based on the shear force detection scheme, a shear force SNOM system has been built, operating in transmission collection mode. Shear force topographic and optical images have been taken using uncoated optical fiber probes fabricated by a chemical etching technique. The results suggest that the system is very reliable, repeatable, and easy to use. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367360
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat-induced protection against death of suspension-cultured apple fruit cells exposed to low temperature (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Death of suspension-cultured apple fruit cells (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Braeburn), resulting from exposure to low temperature (1 °C), was reduced by a prior 1 h/38 °C treatment. Pre-heated chilled cells produced less ethylene, indicating lower chilling injury. Heat treatment resulted in increased transcripts for a low molecular weight (hsp17) and a 70 kDa heat shock protein (hsp), but expression weakened within 24 h following the transfer of cells to 25 °C. When cells were instead transferred to 1 °C after heat, elevated hsp gene expression persisted for up to 3 d. Flow cytometric analysis of apple cell protoplasts showed that the 1 °C treatment resulted in a subpopulation of protoplasts undergoing cell death, not observed with the 38 °C pre-treatment. Chromatin condensation did not occur with the heat treatments. These results suggest that heat-induced reduction of cell death at low temperatures may involve persistence of hsps, and low-temperature susceptibility is less likely to be associated with programmed cell death. All cells do not respond in the same way, their tolerance being associated with different states of metabolism or of the cell cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00770.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of vacuolar serine proteinase as a major allergen of Aspergillus fumigatus by immunoblotting and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aspergillus species are common airborne fungi that have been identified as causative agents of extrinsic bronchial asthma. More than 10 allergens from A. fumigatus have been recently characterized by cDNA cloning.The objective of this study is to identify A. fumigatus allergens through immunoblot analysis using sera from asthmatic patients.IgE-binding components of A. fumigatus and IgE cross-reactivity among allergens of different prevalent airborne fungal species were analysed by immunoblot and immunoblot inhibition, respectively, using sera from asthmatic patients. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of major allergens identified were determined by Edman degradation.Among two batches (70 and 41 sera) of asthmatic sera tested, 19 (27%) and 14 (34%), respectively, have IgE immunoblot reactivity towards components of A. fumigatus. A 34-kDa protein that reacts with IgE antibodies in 15 (79%) and 11 (79%) of the 19 and 14 positive samples, respectively, may be considered a major allergen of A. fumigatus. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the 34 kDa major allergen and the 30.5 and 30 kDa IgE-binding components of A. fumigatus showed sequence identity to that of the vacuolar serine proteinase from A. fumigatus. The results from immunoblot inhibition show IgE cross-reactivity among major allergens of A. fumigatus, P. notatum and P. oxalicum.Results obtained suggest that the 34 kDa major allergen of A. fumigatus may be a vacuolar serine proteinase. There is IgE cross-reactivity among serine proteinase allergens of A. fumigatus, P. notatum and P. oxalicum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01026.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of UV-C irradiation to prevent decay and maintain postharvest quality of ripe ‘Tommy Atkins’ mangoes (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 36 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ripe mangoes ‘Tommy Atkins’ were exposed to UV-C irradiation for 10 and 20 min, prior to storage for 14 days at 5 or 20 °C and a shelf-life period of 7 days at 20 °C. UV-C-treated fruit maintained better visual appearance than unirradiated controls. UV-C irradiation for 10 min was the most effective regime in suppressing decay symptoms and maintaining firmness during storage at 5 or 20 °C. Such fruit (treated with UV-C for 10 min) showed greater levels of putrescine and spermidine after cold storage than controls and those treated with UV-C for 20 min. Higher levels of sugars and lower levels of organic acids were observed in mangoes treated with UV-C for 20 min. However, the most effective UV-C treatment (10 min) for reducing decay maintained sugar and organic acid levels similar to the controls. No UV-damage was observed on treated fruits after storage. These results indicate that UV-C irradiation could be used as an effective and rapid method to preserve the postharvest life of ripe mangoes without adversely affecting certain quality attributes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.00522.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deformation and Failure in Stochastic Fibrous Networks: Scale, Dimension and Application (2001)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 200 (Feb. 2001), p. 229-0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/45/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.200.229.pdf
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