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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Skin research and technology 1 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0846
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background/aims: Noninvasive methods are introduced for the monitoring of healing of psoriasis. Fumaris acid derivatives (FAD) were used in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris for more than 30 years, but the effectiveness of these drugs has remained controversial. The object was to study the efficacy of FAD in a prospective study including noninvasive techniques, which may allow more accurate assessment in a smaller patient group.Methods: High-frequency ultrasound including image analysis, and colorimetry was employed. 14 patients were treated for 20 weeks.Results: In the ultrasound image, acanthosis and inflammatory infiltrate of active psoriasis cause an echopoor area under the entry echo. Under theray, this echo area diminishes while its density increases. During healing, the decrease in redness could be quantified.Conclusions: Monitoring of the healing of psoriasis is possible with ultrasonography and colorimetry. Fumaric acid was found efficient and safe in the treatment of psoriasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 10 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Topical glucocorticoids with improved benefit/risk ratio are of great interest in dermatology, but there are very few trials directly comparing the efficacy and side-effects of these new preparations. In our study the vasoconstrictor effect and side-effects of two of these new glucocorticoids were evaluated and blanching effect was determined by two-dimensional laser scanning.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsIn a randomised, double blind intra-individual comparative trial, 10 subjects were treated with various glucocorticoids or drug-free vehicle. The test drugs were mometasone furoate (MF), methylprednisolone aceponate (MP) and hydrocortisone (OH-C). The preparations were tested for a period of 3 weeks with occlusion on the flexor side of the forearm. Skin thickness and vasoconstriction were determined using 20 MHz ultrasound scanning, laser Doppler scanning (LDS) and chromometry.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsNo adverse effects were observed during the observation period. Only partial vasoconstriction occurred in most cases during the observation period. MP and MF produced maximal blanching between days 3 and 5 of treatment, while with OH-C clinically visible blanching did not occur. Ultrasound evaluation of skin thickness showed similar behaviour for all three steroids tested: there were no signs of skin atrophy in any of the cases. LDS evidenced hypoperfusion of a test area on the perfusion image in only a few patients and there were no significant differences between the steroids tested. On evaluation of vasoconstriction caused by the steroids tested using chromometry there was a significant difference between MF and OH-C on the L*a*b* scale (P 〈 0.005). Only at day 3 was a blanching effect caused by MP and MF demonstrable (a-value, P 〈 0.05).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionIn summary, the synthetic steroids MF and MP presented side-effects similar to those of OH-C but much greater vasoconstrictor effect; after an application period of over 5 days under occlusion a blanching effect in our model was not demonstrable by means of chromometry. Two-dimensional laser scanning offers no advantage in the evaluation of the blanching effect in comparison to one-dimensional laser fluxmetry (LDF). © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of global analysis and geometry 17 (1999), S. 43-48 
    ISSN: 1572-9060
    Keywords: low-dimensional topology ; multiplicities of ; nodal sets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We show that the multiplicity of the eigenvalues of the Laplace Beltrami operator on compact Riemannian surfaces with genus zero is bounded by m(λk) ≤ 2k − 3 for k ≥ 3. Here we label the eigenvalues in the following way: 0 = λ1 〈 λ2 ≤ λ3 . . ..
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter UV-Schutzfaktor ; Kleidung ; Sonnenschutz ; Prävention ; Key words Fabrics ; Clothes ; Sun protection ; Prevention ; Skin cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A rising incidence worldwide of skin cancer has been observed for years. A high cumulative exposure to UV radiation is a major factor in the development of such neoplasms. Suitable protective measures are therefore becoming increasingly important. Textiles provide simple, effective and medically safe protection against UV radiation. At present, however, in Europe – in contrat to Australia – the UV protection factor (UPF) for summer textiles is not stated. It is a largely unknown fact that by far not all textiles offer sufficient protection. Our goal was to study the factors which determine the UV transmission of fabrics and, based on these findings, to design materials which provide enhanced protection. A spectrophotometric method was used to determine the UV transmission by fabrics made of cotton, silk, polyester and viscose. The UV protection factors of the fabrics were computed on the basis of the transmission data. The UV protection factor is dependent on the type of fibre, yarn and surface design, weight per square metre, moisture content, colour, finishing method and degree of wear. To optimize the UV protection via textiles, a viscose yarn with a low UV transmission was used. This yarn makes it possible to design light-weight summer fabrics with optimized UV protection. This development will make it possible to offer clothing with high UV protection on the European marked. This clothing will not be more expensive than normal products, so that effective prevention should be more available.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Seit Jahren wird ein weltweiter Anstieg der Hautkrebsinzidenz beobachtet. Eine hohe kumulative UV-Strahlenexposition gilt als ein Hauptfaktor für die Entstehung von Neoplasien der Haut. Geeignete Schutzmaßnahmen gewinnen daher zunehmend an Bedeutung. Textilien bieten eine einfachen und effektiven, medizinisch unbedenklichen Schutz vor der UV-Strahlung, doch wird der UV-Schutzfaktor (USF) von Sommertextilien, z.Z. in Europa – im Gegensatz zu Australien – nicht angegeben.Weitgehend unbekannt ist in diesem Zusammenhang, daß bei weitem nicht alle Textilien einen ausreichenden Schutz bieten. Ziel ist, die Faktoren, welche die UV-Durchlässigkeit von Stoffen bestimmen, zu untersuchen und ausgehend von diesen Ergebnissen Materialien mit verbessertem Schutz zu konstruieren. Die UV-Durchlässigkeit wurde an Geweben aus Baumwolle, Seide, Polyester und Viskose mit einer spektralphotometrischen Methode bestimmt. Die UV-Schutzfaktoren der Stoffe wurden aus den Transmissionsdaten berechnet. Anhand der Ergebnisse konnte gezeigt werden, daß UV-Schutzfaktor von der Faserart, der Garn- und Flächenkonstruktion, dem Quadratmetergewicht, dem Feuchtegehalt, der Färbung, der Ausrüstung und der Abnutzung durch den Gebrauch der Stoffe abhängt. Zur Optimierung des UV-Schutzes durch Stoffe wurde erstmals ein Viskosegarn mit einer extrem geringen UV-Durchlässigkeit eingesetzt. Dieses Garn ermöglicht es, leichte Sommerstoffe mit optimiertem UV-Schutz zu konstruieren. Zukünftig wird es damit möglich sein, Kleidung mit einem hohen UV-Schutzfaktor anzubieten. Diese Kleidung wird nicht teurer sein als normale Produkte, so daß eine hohe Effektivität für unsere Präventionsbemühungen erwartet werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We investigate nodal sets of magnetic Schrödinger operators with zero magnetic field, acting on a non simply connected domain in ℝ2. For the case of circulation 1/2 of the magnetic vector potential around each hole in the region, we obtain a characterisation of the nodal set, and use this to obtain bounds on the multiplicity of the groundstate. For the case of one hole and a fixed electric potential, we show that the first eigenvalue takes its highest value for circulation 1/2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Bird’s-foot treefoil ; Lotus corniculatus ; Root culture ; Somatic embryogenesis ; Super-growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Root cultures, displaying vigorous growth and high embryogenic capacity, were established in the legume forage species Lotus corniculatus (bird’s-foot trefoil). Root cloning as well as plant regeneration was achieved on hormone-free medium, in agitated culture in the dark or under stationary conditions in the light, respectively. These qualities of vigorous growth and regeneration faded with time in hormone-free culture, with slow-growing roots turning brown in color. Addition of the synthetic cytokinin-like hormone benzylaminopurine to the culture medium, however, re-established the aging tissue’s capacity for somatic embryogenesis and plant formation. During continuous initiation of new cultures, it was possible to obtain one root culture (selected from 11 960 seeds at a 65% germination rate) which did not show the typical decline of qualities after prolonged proliferation but distinguished itself by displaying even faster growth and more vigorous embryogenic plant production on hormone-free medium. There was no decline since its initiation 9 months earlier. This super-growing root culture produces plants that show no morphological differences as compared to wild-type regenerants or seedlings. Roots, dissected from plantlets derived from super-root embryogenesis, expressed all the super-root qualities again when cultured in vitro. This is the first report on somatic embryogenesis from sustained root cultures without exogenous hormone application. Such a hormone-free, continuous root culture should provide a superior experimental system for genetic or developmental studies that might be sensitive to exogenous hormones, such as somaclonal variation in transgenesis or, since introduced in a legume species, nodulation in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 11 (1999), S. 1676-1678 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The instabilities of fluid flows between coaxial differentially rotating cones are considered in the limit of the small gap approximation as function of the cone angle. As in the experimental study of Wimmer (presented at the 10th International Couette-Taylor Workshop, Paris, 15–17 July 1997), a transition from Taylor vortex instabilities to Ekman-type instabilities is found at a cone angle of about 45°. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 4426-4455 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper presents one- and two-dimensional computer simulations of the hydrodynamic response of solid cylindrical targets made of different materials that are irradiated by intense beams of energetic ions. The beam parameters considered in this study correspond to the design parameters of the heavy ion beam that will be produced at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt heavy ion synchrotron facility (SIS) in 1999. A few calculations, however, were also done using the beam parameters that are currently available at the SIS. Different values for specific energy deposition including 1, 10, 50, and 100 kJ/g, respectively, have been considered, whereas a number of different pulse lengths, namely, 10, 50, 100, and 200 ns, have been assumed. Various target materials, for example, solid lead, solid neon, and solid hydrogen, have been used. It is expected that this simulation study will be very helpful in the design of efficient targets for the future experiments at the GSI. These experiments will hopefully provide very useful information about many important basic physics phenomena, such as enhanced energy loss of heavy ions in hot dense plasmas, equation-of state (EOS) of matter under extreme conditions, material opacity and shock wave propagation. Another very interesting experiment with important practical implications that could be done at this facility may be the creation of metallic hydrogen by imploding appropriately designed multilayered targets containing a layer of frozen hydrogen. This paper presents the design of such a target, together with implosion simulations of this target using a hydrodynamic simulation model. These simulations show that it may be possible to compress the frozen hydrogen to achieve the theoretically predicted physical conditions necessary for hydrogen metallization (a density of the order of 1 to 2 g/cm3, a temperature of a few 0.1 eV and a pressure of about 2–5 megabar). In some cases, compression of frozen deuterium was also studied. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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