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  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (107)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (103)
  • Alzheimer's disease  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical localization of the proteinase inhibitor region of amyloid precursor proteins in the neocortex of Alzheimer's disease and aged controls (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 244-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease ; the proteinase inhibitor region of amyloid precursor proteins ; Lipofuscin ; Lysosome ; Amyloid β/A4 protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunohistochemical localization of the proteinase inhibitor region of amyloid protein precursors (APPI) in the postmortem human neocortex was studied using a polyclonal antibody raised against a purified recombinant human APPI derivative produced by COS-1 cells. APPI-like immunoreactivity (APPI-LI) was found diffusely in the human neocortex. APPI-LI appeared as irregularly shaped granular structures. The size of the APPI-LI structures was 1–4 μm in diameter. APPI-LI usually formed a cluster of 10- to 20-μm diameter in the cortical gray matter and 20- to 40-μm diameter in the subcortical white matter. Double staining for APPI and glial fibrillary acidic protein indicated that APPI-LI in the white matter and molecular layer was localized exclusively in the fibrillary astrocytes. In contrast, APPI-LI was found in neurons as well as in the fibrillary astrocytes in layers II through to VI. Under fluorescence microscopy, APPI-LI in both neurons and fibrillary astrocytes were found in close association with lipofuscin. The present observations indicate that APPI is localized in neurons and astrocytes in the human neocortex and that APPI may be associated with lipofuscin or lysosome in the human neocortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227816
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary ion mass spectrometry round-robin study of impurity analysis in gallium arsenide using uniformly-doped standard gallium arsenide specimens (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 21 (1994), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper reports results of the second SIMS round-robin study on GaAs impurity analysis in which 16 laboratories participated. Three different types of SIMS instruments, including Cameca IMS-3F or IMS-4F, Atomika ADIDA-3000 and Hitachi IMA-3, were used for this study. The specimens were cut from identical multielement-doped GaAs crystals and distributed as common standards for the quantitative impurity analyses. The interlaboratory deviations in quatitative results based on the common standards were found to be 10-20%, except for some low-concentration specimens and the results for zinc. This was approximately half of the corresponding results produced from standard specimens provided by the laboratories themselves. The interlaboratory deviations of relative ion intensity between impurity and matrix were 〈50% for those laboratories employing instruments of the same type, except for low-concentration specimens. These results show that quantitative analysis to an accuracy of 50% can be performed without standard specimens by utilizing relative sensitivity factors for each type of instrument.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740210104
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of acetylcholinesterase activity closely associated with amyloid β/A4 protein is not correlated with acetylcholinesterase-positive fiber density in amygdala of Alzheimer's disease (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 425-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase ; Senile plaque ; β/A4 protein ; Amygdala ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the possible relationship between acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-containing fiber density and senile plaque density and between AChE-positive plaques and β/A4 protein deposition, AChE histochemistry, the modified Bielschowsky's method and β/A4 protein immunohistochemistry were performed on the amygdala of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aged control cases. Abundant AChE-positive senile plaques were found in the amygdala and related structures in AD. These AChE-positive plaques were mainly of the primitive or diffuse type. In addition to senile plaques of typical morphologies a variety of AChE-positive structures were observed in the amygdala and related regions in AD. A comparison of serial sections stained alternatively with AChE histochemistry and β/A4 protein immunohistochemistry has revealed that these AChE-positive structures with variable morphological appearances displayed β/A4 protein immunoreactivity, indicating that AChE is localized in a variety of β/A4 protein deposition including the diffuse plaque. Thus, it is suggested that AChE is present in some senile plaques at the earliest stage. However, there was no apparent correlation between the numerical density of AChE-positive fibers and senile plaque density. These findings suggest that the degeneration of cholinergic neurons is not attributed to the occurrence of AChE activity in β/A4 protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227670
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elucidation of three-dimensional ultrastructure of Hirano bodies by the quick-freeze, deep-etch and replica method (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 81 (1991), S. 248-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Hirano bodies ; Unit lamellae ; Alzheimer's disease ; Rapid-freeze, deep-etch and replica ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To clarify the yet controversial fine structure of Hirano bodies, we made three-dimensional observations of the tissues from the right hippocampus obtained at autopsy of elderly patients by the quick-freeze, deep-etch and replica method. The basic structure of Hirano bodies was a unit lamella, a closely attached pair of sheets composed of parallel-running smooth filaments, 10 to 12 nm in diameter with 12-nm interspaces. In the unit lamella, filaments from each of the overlapping sheets crossed obliquely at acute or obtuse angles to form lattice-like meshworks. The unit lamellae were arranged in a folded, waved or concentric manner, and connected or supported by cross-linking filaments of the same width. The distance between these unit lamellae was about 50 nm. Occasionally the sheets were separated or fused making layers of one to three sheets. At the periphery of the bodies parallel filaments were dispersed into individual filaments of similar size or directly attached to the cytoplasmic membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305865
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of clathrin light chains in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Clathrin ; Alzheimer's disease ; Tangle Senile plaque
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clathrin, which constitutes coated vesicles, plays important roles in neuronal functions. In the brains of the patients with Alzheimer's disease, distribution of clathrin was immunohistochemically investigated using four monoclonal antibodies against clathrin light chains, LCB.1, LCB.2, X-16 and CON.1, to study the involvement of clathrin in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. LCB.1, LCB.2, X-16, and CON.1 bind to the aminoterminus of the clathrin light chain b(LCb), to the neuron-specific insert of LCb, to the light chain a(LCa), and to LCa and LCb, respectively. In Alzheimer brains, granular staining of LCB.2 around neurons in the hippocampus was weaker or patchily defected in comparison with control brains. Some neurofibrillary tangles and neurons were intensely stained in Alzheimer brains by LCB.2, whereas neurons were weakly stained in control brains. Crowns of some senile plaques in the brains of early onset Alzheimer's disease were positively stained by LCB. 2. LCB. 1 supported the observations of LCB.2. Reactive astrocytes in Alzheimer brains were intensely stained by X-16. On the other hand, Western blot analysis using LCB.2 and X-16 demonstrated no apparent differences in protein amounts and molecular weights of LCa and LCb between control and Alzheimer brains. These observations demonstrated abnormal distribution of clathrin in Alzheimer brains, implying impairment of axonal transport in this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386251
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microspheres prepared from temperature-sensitive graft polymers (1991)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 2915-2923 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyallylamine-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) was prepared by coupling polyallylamine with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (the latter with an end-standing carboxyl group). The graft polymer obtained showed a temperature-responsive phase transition under alkaline conditions, whereas the starting poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with end-standing carboxyl group showed temperature-sensitivity under acidic conditions. With an increase in the degree of grafting the temperature-sensitivity of the polymer under weakly alkaline conditions increases. Microspheres were prepared by cross-linking the graft polymers with glutaraldehyde in water-in-oil emulsion. Trypsin immobilized to the microspheres showed temperature-responsiveness in its catalytic activity. The graft polymer can be used as a component of temperature-sensitive devices in various forms.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1991.021921208
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glow discharge decomposition of phenylsilane in the presence of oxygen (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 1555-1563 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Thin films of organosilicon were prepared by glow discharge decomposition of phenylsilane in the presence of oxygen. As a result of spectral analyses and optical band gap measurements of the deposited films, the oxygen was found to be scarcely incorporated in the bulk of the films at least when the mole fraction of oxygen in phenylsilane was less than 0,5. The oxygen appeared to promote plasma polymerization of phenylsilane. The electric conductivity of the films prepared from mixed O2/C6H5SiH3 was enhanced by iodine “doping” by four orders of magnitude.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910708
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and characterization of fluorine-containing aromatic condensation polymers, 3.Part 2: cf. ref.1r. Preparation and characterization of fluorine-containing aromatic poly(ketone)s and copoly(ketone)s by direct polycondensation of 4,4′-[1-(trifluoromethyl)trifluoroethylidene]dibenzoic acid and/or 4,4′ -isopropylidenedibenzoic acid with diaryl compounds (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 777-789 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Four types of fluorine-containing aromatic poly(ketone)s, poly(ether/ketone), poly(ketone), poly(sulfide/ketone) and poly(sulfone/ketone), were synthesized from 4,4′-[1-(trifluoromethyl)-trifluoroethylidene]dibenzoic acid and diaryl compounds, diphenyl ether, diphenyl ketone, diphenyl sulfide and diphenyl sulfone, by direct polycondensation using phosphorus pentoxide/methanesulfonic acid as both condensing agent and solvent. The expected chemical structures were confirmed by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Two series of fluorine-containing copoly(ketone)s, copoly(ether/ketone) and copoly(sulfide/ketone), were also similarly prepared by using different proportions of the dicarboxylic acid and the corresponding analogous 4,4′-isopropylidenedibenzoic acid but without fluorine, and the effect of the introduction of the fluorine atom on the properties of these polymers was discussed with relation to the fluorine contents. Most of the poly(ketone)s with and without fluorine were essentially amorphous and soluble in a wide range of organic solvents including chloroform and tetrahydrofuran, and afforded transparent films by solution casting. The contact angles of the films to water increased significantly and monotonously with increasing fluorine content in the copoly(ketone)s. Thermal properties such as glass transition temperature and thermal stability were also successfully improved by the introduction of a fluorine atom, and both of them increased markedly and monotonically with the increase of the fluorine content.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940303
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic and ESR studies on the radical polymerization. radical-initiated copolymerization of the diethyl itaconate-SnCl4 complex and styrene (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 1773-1783 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The copolymerization of diethyl itaconate(1) (M1) and styrene (2) (M2) with dimethyl 2,2′-azoisobutyrate (3) was performed in benzene at 50°C, and the following copolymerization parameters were obtained: r1 = 0,34, r2 = 0,35, Q1 = 0,93 and el = +0,66. The copolymerization system was found to involve ESR1Electron spin resonance.-observed propagating polymer radicals at low monomer feed composition (f2) of 2. The apparent rate constant of termination increased rapidly with f2. The ESR-determined values of the apparent propagation rate constant of the copolymerization were lower than those calculated on the basis of the Mayo-Lewis model, suggesting a significant penultimate effect in the copolymerization. On the other hand, the copolymerization of the 1-SnCl4 complex (M1) and 2 (M2) at 50°C yielded a nearly alternating copolymer independently of the monomer feed composition. The propagating polymer radicals were ESR-observable even up to f2 = 0,8. The ESR-determined apparent rate constant (kp) of propagation showed a maximum near f2 = 0,5. From the relationship between kp and f2, the rate constants of cross-propagations of the present alternating copolymerization were evaluated as k12 = 483 and k21 = 510 L. mol-1 · s-1. Comparison of the k21 value and the reported propagation rate constant (209 L · mol-1 · s-1) of homopolymerization of 2 leads to the conclusion that the alternating copolymerization via free-monomer propagation mechanism originates from a pronounced penultimate effect suppressing homopropagation of 2, but not from enhanced cross-propagation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940624
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic activity of novel agglomerates composed of Fe4S42+ and (MovO)3+ species cross-linked with a bulky difunctional ligand, 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-benzenedithiolate (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 1807-1812 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The (MoVO)3+ -containing [Fe4S4]2+ agglomerate {(Ph4P)2[Fe4S4(tmbdt)2 (MoVO)0,76]}n (tmbdt = 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1,3-dithiolato) was synthesized by reaction of {(Ph4P)2[Fe4S4(tmbdt)2]}n and MoVOCl3(thf)2. The (MoVO)3+ cation is coordinated to the sulfur ligands binding the [Fe4S4]2+ core. The (MoVO)3+ -containing [Fe4S4]2+ agglomerate exhibits catalytic activity for the reduction of azobenzene and phenylacetylene to hydrazobenzene and phenylethylene, respectively, by Et4NBH4 in N,N-dimethylformamide/alcohol.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910807
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