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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 45 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: This study reports the characterization of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on membranes prepared from bovine cerebral arteries. By use of HPLC we prepared two purified monoiodinated VIP radioligands with nearly equivalent cerebral vasorelaxant potency as native VIP, [Tyr(125I)10] VIP and [Tyr(125I)22] VIP. The former resulted in a higher proportion of specific binding to arterial membranes than the latter and was therefore thought to be the superior radioligand for receptor characterization. The binding of [Tyr(125I)10]VIP to cerebral arterial membranes was saturable, specific, reversible, and dependent on time and temperature. Scatchard analysis suggested the presence of a high- and a low-affinity binding site with KD values of 0.2 and 11 nM and receptor concentrations of 79 and 737 fmol/mg of protein, respectively. The dose-response curves for binding to the VIP receptor by the VIP-homologous peptides PHI, PHM, and rat growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) were very similar to their dose-response curves for relaxation of cerebral arteries. The order of potency was VIP 〉 PHM 〉 PHI 〉 rat GRF. It is suggested that the characteristics of the vascular VIP binding sites and the close correlation between the binding and vasorelaxant properties of VIP and its related peptides argue for the vascular binding sites being functional receptors for VIP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 27 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to develop rapid and accurate procedures to identify microorganisms contaminating cosmetic products, based on the identity of the nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA coding DNA (rDNA). Five types of microorganisms were isolated from the inner portion of lotion bottle caps, skin care lotions, and cleansing gels. The rDNA ITS region of microorganisms was amplified through the use of colony-direct PCR or ordinal PCR using DNA extracts as templates. The nucleotide sequences of the amplified DNA were determined and subjected to homology search of a publicly available DNA database. Thereby, we obtained DNA sequences possessing high similarity with the query sequences from the databases of all the five organisms analyzed. The traditional identification procedure requires expert skills, and a time period of approximately 1 month to identify the microorganisms. On the contrary, 3–7 days were sufficient to complete all the procedures employed in the current method, including isolation and cultivation of organisms, DNA sequencing, and the database homology search. Moreover, it was possible to develop the skills necessary to perform the molecular techniques required for the identification procedures within 1 week. Consequently, the current method is useful for rapid and accurate identification of microorganisms, contaminating cosmetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A compact electron storage ring (JSR) is under construction in order to study accelerator technologies and to be used as the test ring aiming at a highly brilliant synchrotron radiation facility (6–8 GeV). The JSR lattice is a double-focusing achromatic type. The circumference is 20.5 m. However, even in this small ring, one straight section with a length of ∼1.5 m, where the dispersion is free, is provided for the insertion device study. The electron beam is supplied by the linac with an energy of 150 MeV, and the stored energy is slowly increased up to 300 MeV. Power supplies of all magnets and the rf system are controlled by a real-time computer through optical fiber links, and signals of beam monitors are stored in the same computer so that it is easy to test any type of control procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 932-938 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new design concept of a streak tube is conceived to obtain femtosecond temporal resolution. It is based on four factors as follows. First, in order to decrease the photoelectron transit time spread, one must investigate how high electric field is practically usable near the photocathode. It is found that the value can be increased up to ∼6 kV/mm and this is used as a design value. Second, as the other method to decrease the photoelectron transit time spread, an electromagnetic focusing method must be adopted because there is no region similar to the focusing section of an electrostatic focusing type where the electric potential is low. Third, the focusing magnetic field should be located in a limited region to obtain a very high sweep speed of ∼2×108 m/s. And fourth, in the operation, a special readjustment of the focusing magnetic field should be performed to compensate the photoelectron beam defocusing caused by the very rapid transient deflection field. Based on the above, a new streak tube has been designed, manufactured, and tested. The limiting temporal resolution of ∼400 fs has been predicted theoretically and the value less than ∼500 fs has been experimentally produced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Blood vascular and lymphatic tumors were evaluated immunohistochemically by studying a spectrum of endothelial associated antigens. (1) UEA-I lectin reacted with the tumor cells of one patient with malignant angioendothelioma in the non-metastatic stage. However, when metastasis occurred, the binding sites of this lectin completely disappeared from the surface of the tumor cells in both original and metastatic lesions, suggesting the loss of blood group H antigen from the tumor cells could be used as an indicator of metastasis in this tumor. (2) Reaction with anti-HLA-A, B, C, intense in normal blood vessels, remained intensely positive in pyogenic granuloma and Kaposi's sarcoma, whereas it did not react with normal lymphatics and lymphangioma. This indicates that anti-HLA-A, B, C is useful in differentiating blood vascular structures from lymphatic structures in both normal and pathological conditions. (3) OKM5 reacted intensely with benign hyperplasius in pyogenic granuloma, while barely reacting with proliferating parts in Kaposi's sarcoma, suggesting the difference in staining patterns can be used to distinguish vascular proliferation or malignancy. (4) Reaction with anti-Type IV collagen and anti-laminin was intense in normal blood vessels, pyogenic granuloma and Kaposi's sarcoma, whereas reaction with these antibodies in normal lymphatics was patchy and irregular in its thickness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 16 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Several monoclonal antibodies (MAB) have been produced using an eccrine carcinoma cell line as an immunogen. One such MAB, SKH1, reacted with both the secretory portion and coiled duct of the eccrine and with the secretory portion of apocrine gland. SKH1, however, did not react with myoepithelial cells, intradermal ducts of both types of sweat gland, or with other components of normal axillary skin including the epidermis and follicular apparatus. The reaction was strongest if the specimen was fixed with 80% methanol, and moderate on non-fixed or acid-alcohol-fixed specimens. Only weak reaction was obtained on cold acetone-fixed specimens, and reaction was negative with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. SKH1 reacted positively with the cytoskeleton of the eccrine carcinoma cell line, Colo-16 and MCF-7. Applied to pathological skin specimens, SKH1 reacted with the tumor cells of clear cell hidradenoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, and extramammary Paget's disease. SKH1 also reacted with the tumor cells of meta-static adenocarcinomas arising from lung, breast and ovary. SKH1 did not react with the majority of tumor cells of eccrine poroma, but reacted with single–layered cells lining narrow ductal lumina. SKH1 did not react with epithelial cells lining cystic or ductal lumina of syringoma, but reacted moderately with the amorphous keratin–like substance filling the lumina. Immunoblot analysis revealed that SKH1 recognizes a 40 Kd sweat gland-associated antigen, and can be an aid to identifying tumors arising from sweat gland structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Dapsone (4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulphone) is a powerful therapeutic tool in many skin diseases including neutrophilic dermatoses. The drug has an outstanding therapeutic efficacy against many skin diseases characterized by neutrophil-rich infiltrates; however, mechanisms of its action are poorly understood.Objectives  We investigated the effects of dapsone on respiratory and secretory functions of human neutrophils triggered by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP), the physiological agonist C5a, and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).Methods  Human neutrophils were isolated from venous blood obtained from healthy donors. We detected extracellular production of superoxide (O2–) by cytochrome C reduction assay, and intracellular production of O2– by flow cytometry. Neutrophil elastase release was measured by the cleavage of the specific elastase substrate N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-p-nitroanilide. Measurement of cytosolic free calcium concentration was performed using the calcium-reactive fluorescence probe, Fluo-3.Results  Dapsone suppressed intra- and extracellular production of O2– and elastase release triggered by fMLP and C5a, but not by PMA. Both fMLP and C5a signalled the above pathways by inducing calcium influx, but PMA functions bypassed calcium influx. Dapsone was capable of antagonizing the induction of calcium influx.Conclusions  These findings suggest that one mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of dapsone is inhibition of calcium-dependent functions of neutrophils including release of tissue-damaging oxidants and proteases in the affected skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] There is currently much interest in the development of ‘spintronic’ devices, in which harnessing the spins of electrons (rather than just their charges) is anticipated to provide new functionalities that go beyond those possible with conventional electronic devices. One widely ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
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    Unknown
    Oxford : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The British journal for the philosophy of science. 36 (1985) 61 
    ISSN: 0007-0882
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Philosophy
    Notes: DISCUSSIONS
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 96 (1986), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Carbon monoxide ; Effects on hepatic mitochondrial function ; Cyanide effects on hepatic mitochondrial function ; Kohlenmonoxid, Funktionsstörung der Mitochondrien ; Zyanid, Funktionsstörungen der Mitochondrien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von Kohlenmonoxid und Blausäure auf die Funktion der Lebermitochondrien wurde untersucht. Alle Versuche wurden an Ratten in Pentobarbitalnarkose durchgeführt. Unmittelbar nachdem die Bauchhöhle der Ratten geöffnet wurde, wurden einzelne Tiere in einer Versuchskammer aus transparentem Kunststoff für 3min einem Prüfungsgas ausgesetzt. Jedes Prüfungsgas wurde in einer durch ein Plastikrohr mit der Versuchskammer verbundenen Gaskammer hergestellt. HCN wurde aus NaCN und H2SO4 hergestellt. Bei CO-Versuchen wurden verschiedene Mengen von CO in die Kammer eingeführt. Unmittelbar nach den Versuchen wurden etwa 2g Leber in situ mit einer abgekühlten Klemme gefroren. Eine Blutprobe wurde von der Wunde entnommen. Die Konzentrationen des Azetoazetats, β-Hydroxybutyrats, Adenosintriphosphats, Adenosindiphosphats und Adenosinmonophosphats der Leber wurden bestimmt, und anhand von ihren Werten wurden “redox state” (ein Verhältnis von Azetoazetats zu β-Hydroxybutyrats) und “energy charge” (ein Verhältnis von Summa von ATP und 0.5 ADP zu Summa von ATP, ADP und AMP) berechnet. In vergifteten Ratten verminderten sich “redox state” mit der zunehmenden Konzentration der Toxika im Blut. Als die HbCO-Konzentration 40% überstieg, trat eine Art Wende, bei der die Geschwindigkeit der Verminderung sich reduziert, ein. Für Zyanid war diese Wende 2.0μg/ml. Im Vergleich zu “redox state” verminderte sich “energy charge” langsamer. Aber die Geschwindigkeit der Verminderung beschleunigte sich, wenn die Blutkonzentration der Toxika eine Grenze überschritt. Die o.g. Wenden waren 40% für HbCO und 2.0μg/ml für Zyanid. In kombinierten Versuchen wurden Tiere einem Gasgemisch (CO und niederer Konzentration von HCN) ausgesetzt. Es wurde angenommen, daß es keine Wechselwirkung zwischen CO und HCN gibt.
    Notes: Summary The effects of carbon monoxide and cyanide on the hepatic redox state and energy charge were investigated. Rats were used for the experiment under pentobarbital anesthesia. Immediately after laparotomy, a rat was placed in an animal chamber made of a transparent plastic box and exposed to a test gas for 3 min. Every test gas was produced in a gas chamber connected to the animal chamber with a flexible tube. HCN was produced from NaCN and H2SO4. In the CO inhalation experiment, various amounts of CO were introduced into the gas chamber. Immediately after an exposure, about 2g liver was frozen in situ with a precooled clamp. Oozed blood from the wound surface was sampled. Concentrations of ATP, ADP, AMP, acetoacetate, and β-hydroxybutyrate in hepatic mitochondria were determined, and the redox state and the energy charge were calculated. For cyanide as well as CO, significant negative correlations were found between the concentration in the blood and the redox state. The same held true for the energy charge. The redox state showed a slight increase at low concentrations of both gases; however, thereafter it began to decrease sharply with increases in concentrations. When concentrations of the toxicant in the blood reached certain levels, a kind of turning point, beyond which the redox state does not decrease any more, was observed. It was about 40% for HbCO and about 2.0μg/ml for cyanide, and the points seemed to be related to the concentrations, beyond which cells are irreversibly damaged. On the other hand, the energy charge did not change at low concentrations. With an increase in toxicant concentrations, the energy charge decreased drastically. The rate of decrease in the energy charge became higher when blood concentrations exceeded certain levels. It was about 40% for HbCO and 2.0μg/ml for cyanide. The presence of low levels of blood cyanide did not affect the relationship between the energy charge and the HbCO concentration.
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