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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competition between two resonance frequency branches in a waveguide free-electron laser (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 426-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: One of the problems encountered in designing a waveguide free-electron laser (FEL) is to suppress the lower-frequency branch, which may have a higher gain than the more useful higher-frequency branch. It is shown that the electron pulse length and energy spread strongly influence the competition between the gains at high and low frequency for a waveguide FEL. It is also found that the negative slippage that may take place at the lower-frequency branch results in larger reduction in gain than the positive slippage. The maximum allowable electron energy spread for both resonance frequencies is derived. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359347
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compact electron-accelerator system using laser-induced photoelectrons and DISKTRON electrostatic accelerator (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1010-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new type of relativistic electron acceleration facility is being developed by the Laser Science Research Group at The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research. It utilizes laser-induced photoelectrons accelerated by a compact DISKTRON electrostatic accelerator, which makes it possible to generate a controllable bright short-pulsed electron beam up to the energy of 1 MeV with a low emittance (〈2×10−5 mrad) and high current density (∼500 A/cm2) without any guiding field. The characteristics of the entire facility and some of the key components are described in detail. The experimental results which confirm the possibilities of increasing quantum efficiency of metal photocathodes by geometric alteration are reported. Observation of laser undulator effects in the visible wavelength was demonstrated in the facility. The coming use of the system includes a far-infrared/submillimeter free-electron laser using a microwiggler and generation of extreme ultraviolet radiation by the laser undulator. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146037
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    π*–σ* hyperconjugation mechanism on the rotational barrier of the methyl group (III): Methyl-azabenzenes in the ground, excited, and anionic states (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 8357-8363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We theoretically investigate the internal rotations of the methyl group in methyl-azabenzenes, such as o- and m-methylpyridines, 2-methylpyrazine, 4-methylpyrimidine, 4-methylpyridadine, and 4-methyl-1,2,3-triazine in the ground, excited, and anionic states. The calculated rotational barriers reproduce well the experimental data. Orbital pictures are given for the barrier changes by excitation and electron attachment. An idea of π*–σ* hyperconjugation is applied for a comprehensive interpretation of the barrier changes. A correlation is found between the rotational barriers and the splitting of the lowest and next-lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1364677
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct evidence of the indirect energy gap in InAlAs/AlAsSb multiple quantum wells by time-resolved photoluminescence (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1620-1622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy has been applied to determine the nature of the energy gap of InAlAs/AlAsSb multiple quantum well structures. While the InAlAs buffer layer exhibits a decay time of the order of 1 ns, which is typical for direct gap semiconductors, the decay time of the InAlAs/AlAsSb multiple quantum well structures is prolonged by more than two orders of magnitude. This observation is direct evidence for the presence of an indirect energy gap. The decay time increases with increasing InAlAs layer thickness indicating the decreasing overlap of electron and hole wave functions. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121132
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrafast 1.55 μm all-optical switching using low-temperature-grown multiple quantum wells (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 153-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-temperature grown surface-reflection all-optical switching has been demonstrated with ultrafast photoresponse (1.5 ps), low switching energy (2 pJ), high-contrast (13 dB), polarization independence, and wide operation wavelength range in the 1.55 μm band using low-temperature-grown Be-doped strained InGaAs/InAlAs multiple quantum wells. The combination of low-temperature growth and Be-doping contributes to the ultrafast photoresponse. Additionally, the introduction of compressive strain and a mirror with 1% reflectivity greatly enhances optical nonlinearities. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116131
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and Identification of Bitter Peptides of Tryptic Hydrolysate of Soybean 11S Glycinin by Reverse-phase High-performance Liquid Chromatography (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The 21 peptides purified from the bitter fraction of tryptic hydrolysates of soybean 11S glycinin by using gel-permeation high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a series of 3 C18 reverse phase (RP)-HPLC were in the molecular weight range of 200-1400 Da and showed mostly the hydrophobicity of less than 1400 cal/mol. Although the primary structures of the bitter peptides from 11S glycinin were not exactly the same as those of the proglycinin, many bitter peptides were basic mimics of the common structure, indicating the significance of the primary structure of a peptide playing a role in the bitter taste perception.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb07039.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Translucency of glass-fibre-reinforced composite materials (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  The purpose of this study was to examine the translucency of glass-fibre-reinforced composite framework materials. Vectris and FibreKor, as well as an experimental material, were the glass-fibre-reinforced framework materials used. Targis, Sculpture and Estenia were the types of particulate filler composites veneered onto frameworks. Specimens were fabricated from each material, 0·5 and 1·0 mm thick. In addition, laminate specimens, 1·5 mm thick, were fabricated. The translucency of each specimen was evaluated by determining its contrast ratio. The laminate specimens were examined for colour differences. The experimental framework material was more translucent than the enamel composite when it was not coloured, and was nearly as translucent as the dentine composite when coloured. The commercial tooth-coloured framework materials were nearly as translucent as the dentine composite. It was found that it was possible to reproduce the same colour as the veneering dentine composite, when the framework thickness was 0·5 mm, except in the case of FibreKor. Within the limitations of this study, tooth-coloured, glass-fibre-reinforced framework materials are nearly as translucent as the veneering dentine composite, but these materials affect the colour of the prosthesis if the thickness of the framework material is increased beyond a certain point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01296.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cetraxate, a mucosal protective agent, combined with omeprazole, amoxycillin, and clarithromycin increases the eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori in smokers (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Our previous study demonstrated that Helicobacter pylori eradication was less effective in smokers than in non-smokers. Cetraxate is an anti-ulcer drug that increases gastric mucosal blood flow.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To evaluate the effect of cetraxate combined with new triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori in smokers.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:This study had a single-centre, double-blind, randomized non-placebo design. A total of 106 consecutive H. pylori-positive smoking patients were randomly allocated to one of two regimens: one group received omeprazole (20 mg), amoxycillin (1500 mg), and clarithromycin (600 mg) for 7 days (OAC, n=55). The other group recieved OAC plus cetraxate (600 mg) for 7 days (OAC + CET, n=51). The success of H. pylori eradication was evaluated by histology and the 13C-urea breath test at 4 weeks after completion of treatment.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:By intention-to-treat analysis, the H. pylori eradication rate was 55% in the OAC group and 92% in the OAC + CET group (P 〈 0.01). By per protocol analysis, the H. pylori eradication rate was 58% in the OAC group and 94% in the OAC + CET group (P 〈 0.01).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:Cetraxate combined with new triple therapy increases the eradication of H. pylori in smokers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00807.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolated Congenital Left Ventricular Diverticulum with Perinatal Dysrhythmia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 21 (2000), S. 175-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Key words: Left ventricular diverticulum — Congenital — Dysrhythmia — Perinatal — Natural history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report a case of isolated congenital left ventricular diverticulum (LVD) with perinatal dysrhythmia, which disappeared spontaneously 1 week after birth. The LVD arose from the lateral wall of the LV, and the contraction of the LVD was synchronous with the kinetics of the main LV chamber. The LVD changed very little in size during the first 30 months after birth, and its relative size to the growing LV main chamber decreased. The patient had neither any symptoms nor complications during this time. The available literature on prenatal and neonatal cases with isolated LVD or LV aneurysm is also reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002469910032
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular and Crystal Structure of the Complex Composed of 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Cation and Dichloro-(1,3,5-triphenylformazanato)cobaltate(II) Anion (1997)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 451-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The molecular and crystal structure of, cobalt(II) complex prepared by the reaction of 1,3,5-triphenylformazan with cobalt dichloride, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium dichloro(1,3,5-triphenylformazanato)cobaltate(II), has been determined by means of X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallized in a triclinic space group P\overline 1, with Mr = 728.55, a = 10.214 (3), b = 18.208 (7), c = 9.985 (2) Å, \alpha = 96.44 (3), \beta = 107.92 (2), \gamma = 81.79 (3)°, Z = 2, Dx = 1.387 Mg m−3, \mu = 0.683 mm−1, F(000) = 750, R = 0.041, wR = 0.040 and S = 1.40. The complex is composed of a pair of ions, the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium cation and the dichloro(1,3,5-triphenylformazanato)cobaltate(II) anion. The cobalt(II) ion is tetrahedrally coordinated by two N atoms and two chloride ions. One of the chloride ions of the anion has electrostatic intermolecular contacts with the tetrazolium ring of the cation. The conductivity of the complex in nitromethane solution showed complete dissociation of a pair of ions to separate ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108768196015960
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