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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 24 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: To explore the psychosocial effects of infertility and the role that social support plays over time. The major hypothesis was that although infertile persons report less contentment, lower levels of marital and sexual satisfaction, and lower self-esteem over time, those with higher levels of social support will be less affected Design/Setting: Four questionnaires were completed in subjects' own homes, one every 9 months. Participants: Subjects, all of whom perceived themselves as infertile, were recruited through the national newsletter for an infertility support group. Ninety-four subjects entered the study, and 41% of the sample completed it. Main outcome measures: Contentment, marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, self-esteem, sex-role identity, press (the measure of perceived internal and external pressures), and social support. Results: Perceived support (F [3,111] = 4.77, p 〈 0.004), as well as contentment and self-esteem, significantly increased over time (F[3,1111 = 12.03, p 〈 0.0001, andF [3, 1111 = 5.378, p 〈 0.002, respectively). Social support was positively correlated with all dependent measures. Conclusions: Contrary to what was hypothesized, infertile persons experienced increased social support and greater contentment over time. As hypothesized, there was a significant positive relationship between social support and all dependent measures. The positive impact of social support, counseling, and the adoption of strategies to deal with the stress of infertility lends credence to the crucial role nurses can play in helping infertile couples cope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: It has been hypothesized that changes in heating systems and insulation of homes in developed countries have generated an indoor climate favorable to organisms that excrete allergens inducing sensitization and allergic disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the installation of highly insulated windows and central heating systems on indoor climate, and mite-allergen (Der f 1) and mold spore concentrations. Methods: The bedrooms of 98 apartments were examined before and 7 months (mean) after installation of insulated windows and central heating systems. The air-exchange rate, temperature, and humidity were measured. In settled dust on carpets and mattresses, the number of colony-forming mold spores and the Der f 1 concentration were determined. The inhabitants completed a questionnaire about their lifestyles and housing conditions. Results: The air-exchange rate decreased from geometric mean 0.73 to 0.52 per hour (P=0.029). Temperature (mean 13.4 vs 17.5°C, P〈0.001), and absolute humidity (mean 4.6 g vs 6.2 g H2O/kg air, P〈0.001) increased. Relative humidity remained nearly unchanged (mean 47.6 vs 49.1%). Der f 1 concentrations on carpets (geometric mean 0.65 vs 1.28 μg/g dust, P〈0.001) and mattresses (geometric mean 1.56 vs 2.40 μg/g, P=0.002) increased. Among the fungi that were analyzed, only the thermotolerant species Aspergillus fumigatus increased (geometric mean 20 vs 60 colony-forming units/g carpet dust, P=0.02). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the installation of insulated windows and central heating systems is associated with an increase of Der f 1 concentrations in carpet and mattress dust and A. fumigatus in carpet dust in apartment bedrooms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Malignant tumors of the posterior fossa ; Intellectual outcome ; Radiotherapy to posterior fossa ; Radiotherapy to cerebral hemispheres ; Radial surgery ; Brain stem lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the respective parts played by cerebral hemisphere irradiation, posterior fossa irradiation, and surgery in the poor late functional results often observed in children treated for medulloblastoma. To do this we compared the intellectual outcome in a series of 59 children operated on for medulloblastoma, who had received whole-brain irradiation, to that observed in a series of 37 children operated on for ependymoma of the posterior fossa, who had received radiotherapy only on the posterior fossa. Only patients who had survived for more than 2 years without recurrence were included. At the assessment 1 year after treatment, intellectual outcome was somewhat better in the ependymoma group, but the difference was not statistically significant. At the long-term follow-ups at 5 and 10 years the results remained stable in the children treated for ependymoma, around 60% having an IQ above 90, whereas the intellectual level of the children treated for medulloblastoma was seen to have deteriorated progressively: 20% had an IQ above 90 5 years after treatment and only 10% at the 10-year followup. This progressive degradation is most likely due to the irradiation of the cerebral hemispheres, as this prophylactic irradiation constituted the only difference between the two groups. Moreover, irradiation to the posterior fossa did not seem to affect intellectual functions, since in the group of children with ependymomas the proportion of IQs above 90 was high and remained stable over the years. Surgery was certainly responsible for some poor results. The percentage of IQs above 90 observed 1–2 years after treatment was between 70 and 80 when no postoperative complications occurred, and only between 20–40% in the presence of postoperative complications. Postoperative aggravation was in most cases related to a brain-stem lesion. These results encourage the reduction, when possible, of irradiation to the cerebral hemispheres and underline the importance of the quality of surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Unknown
    Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press
    Keywords: Federal Writers' Project, History. ; United States, Civilization, 1918-1945. ; United States, Historiography. ; United States, Intellectual life, 20th century. ; National characteristics, American.
    Pages: xii, 293 p.
    ISBN: 0-8078-6166-9
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Alternative splicing of human tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) pre-mRNA produces four mRNAs leading to four different TH isoforms and is thought to have important regulatory functions. We show that the diversity of TH mRNAs is greater than previously described in the autonomous nervous system: New splice junctions corresponding to the skipping of exon 3 were identified by amplification of cDNA synthesized from pheochromocytoma RNA. In all cases the reading frame was maintained. These species were assayed by RNase protection experiments; their abundance (4–6%) was comparable to that of the previously identified human TH-3 and -4 species in normal adrenal medulla. However, higher levels (11–34%) of these species were found in adrenal medullas of patients suffering from progressive supranuclear palsy. Whether such changes are specific to the disease or the consequences of the stress associated with this severe neurodegeneration remains to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 8123-8129 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio configuration interaction calculations are carried out for eight low-lying 1,3Πu and four 1Δu states of the O2 molecule. Three different types of couplings are considered: nonadiabatic, spin–orbit, and rotational, and the complex scaling method has been employed to determine rovibrational energies and wave functions. The calculations correctly predict a large number of trends in the measured level locations, predissociation linewidths, rotational constants, and line intensities for the (4pσ) 1,3Πu states. It is found that the v=1 level has the lowest frequency and strongest absorption intensity among the four observed vibrational levels of the (4pσ) 3Πu state, while the v=2 has the broadest predissociation linewidth and v=0, the smallest rotational constant, all in agreement with experimental findings. The linewidth of the v=0 level of the 1Πu state is computed to be 0.01 cm−1, consistent with the measured value of less than 0.1 cm−1. The calculations indicate that the v=0 level of the (4pσ) 1Πu state borrows intensity from the allowed (4pσ) 3Πu–X 3Σg− through spin–orbit interaction and that the v=4 level of the (4pσ) 3Π1u component, which has not yet been identified experimentally, is strongly perturbed by the v=3 level of the (4pσ) 1Πu state. The L-uncoupling-type interaction between 1Πu and 1Δu states is also studied, and the explanation for the missing lines of the v=0, J≥2 rovibrational levels of the (4pσ) 1Πu states is sought based on the calculated results. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 5388-5393 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence studies, performed at room temperature, on Sr1−xErxF2+x/InP(100) layers exhibit strong light emissions in both the visible range and in the infrared domain. It is shown that in the visible range the highest intensities were found for x=0.02, while for the 4I13/2→4I15/2 infrared emission (1.53 μm) the maximum of luminescence was found for x close to 0.2. For a 4I15/2→4I11/2 (980 nm) excitation, up conversion leads to visible light emissions (red and green). A photoluminescence study at low temperature (2 K) shows that, due to the low growth temperature of the layers, the Er3+ environment is more simple than in bulk crystals. For x=0.03 a single charge compensated Er3+ ion site was evidenced. Up to x=0,15 this site predominates but a clustering process is evidenced. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 6425-6428 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Surprising concentrations of hydrogen and deuterium, as high as 5×1020 cm−3, were incorporated into nitrogen-doped ZnSe grown on GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy. Infrared absorption bands due to local vibration modes were observed at 3193 and 783 cm−1 for ZnSe:N,H samples, and at 2368 cm−1 for ZnSe:N,D samples using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The isotopic shift in the absorption band agrees with predictions of a simple harmonic oscillator approximation for N–H bonding. The variation of the absorption band associated with substitutional nitrogen with nitrogen concentration indicates that not all nitrogen is substitutional, and also exhibited significant changes related to hydrogen incorporation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 494-498 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Room temperature photoluminescence studies of Ca1−xErxF2+x thin films epitaxially grown on silicon substrates exhibit strong light emissions in both the visible range and the infrared domain. With an Ar+-ion laser as an excitation source, the maximum of the 4I13/2→4I15/2 infrared (1530 nm) luminescence of Er3+ (4f11) ions was found for x=0.16. It is assumed that a particular Er3+ ion environment exists in the layers to explain why the quenching phenomena do not dominate at these very high erbium concentrations. To describe this environment, a photoluminescence study at low temperature (2 K) has been performed which shows that only one Er3+ ion site (having C4v symmetry) predominates for an erbium substitution rate x≤0.02. At higher Er3+ concentrations, however, a clustering process of erbium ions is observed. In thin films, however the clustering appears only at concentrations two orders of magnitude higher than in bulk single cystals. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Computational strategies for the treatment of relativistic effects including spin-orbit coupling at a highly correlated level are compared for a number of heavy atoms: indium, iodine, thallium, and astatine. Initial tests with perturbation theory emphasize the importance of high-energy singly excited configurations which possess large spin-orbit matrix elements with the ground state. A contracted basis consisting of L–S CI eigenfunctions (LSC–SO–CI) is found to give an accurate representation of both spin-perturbed 2Po components as long as key np→pi* singly excited configurations are included. Comparison is made with a more extensive treatment in which all selected configurations of various L–S symmetries form the basis for the multireference–spin-orbit–configuration interaction (MR–SO–CI). Good agreement is obtained with experimental SO splittings for the In, I, and At atoms at a variety of levels of treatment, indicating that the L–S contracted SO–CI approach can be implemented quite effectively with relativistic effective core potentials (RECPs) for both very electronegative atoms and also for lighter electropositive elements up through the fifth row of the periodic table. The thallium atom SO splitting is more difficult to obtain accurately because of greater differences between its valence p1/2 and p3/2 spinors than in the other cases studied, but good results are also possible with the contracted SO–CI approach in this instance, provided proper care is given to the inclusion of key singly excited L–S states. The relationship between all-electron two-component SO–CI treatments and those employing RECPs is also analyzed, and it is concluded that triply excited configurations relative to the 2Po ground state are far less important than previously reported. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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