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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 323-330 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Voltage shift phenomena of the hysteresis loop were characterized for a c-axis oriented heteroepitaxial BaTiO3 film by means of switching current measurements using various types of pulse sequences. During application of voltage, the hysteresis loop gradually shifted along the voltage axis according to the polarity of the voltage. Even after the application of voltage, while the top and bottom electrodes were short-circuited, the hysteresis loop continued to move. Under certain conditions, a part of the hysteresis loop shifted back, whereas the rest shifted forward. These results were explained, assuming that there is a nonswitching layer between the ferroelectric layer and the bottom electrode, and that the discontinuity of polarization can be compensated by injection of negative charges from the electrode. It was suggested that the nonswitching layer is possibly formed by relaxation of lattice misfit strain in the heteroepitaxial ferroelectric thin film. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: A definite threshold of the peripheral blood eosinophile count that indicates the presence of hypereosinophilia-associated diseases has not yet been determined.Methods: The threshold eosinophile count at which cases of hypereosinophilia-associated diseases (n = 25) can be differentiated from those of bronchial asthma (n = 101) was determined. Then, the incidences of eosinophile counts greater than 1.0 × 109/l or the threshold level, were studied by analysis of 43 805 samples sent to the laboratory, and the diseases associated with the increased counts were determined.Results: The eosinophile count in cases of hypereosinophilia-associated diseases and in those of bronchial asthma were 10.967 ± 1.680 × 109/l and 0.574 ± 0.045 × 109/l, respectively (P 〈 0.001); the threshold was 2.052 × 109/l. The percentages of samples with an eosinophile count of more than 1.0 × 109/l and 2.052 × 109/l were 0.6% and 0.1%, respectively; the latter comprised of 41 samples from 24 patients including eight with hypereosinophilia-associated diseases. The patients with hypereosinophilia-associated diseases had a significantly higher count, and a higher incidence of counts of more than 2.052 × 109/l, than others, including patients with malignancies and symptoms conventionally referred as “atopic diseases”.Conclusion: Hypereosinophilia-associated diseases are associated with a very high eosinophile count of more than 2.052 × 109/l, which was observed rarely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 61 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Activity of fish muscle glutathione peroxidase, which presumably protects muscle from oxidative deterioration during storage and processing, was found in both Japanese jack mackerel and skipjack tuna. Activity of the peroxidase and level of reduced glutathione (enzyme substrate) decreased during 5 days storage at 4°C. Lipid hydroperoxides were substantially formed in the fish muscles during the storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Th2 cells are thought to be involved in eosinophilic inflammation of the lung. CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) has been identified as a specific receptor for both thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and is preferentially expressed on Th2 cells.Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the role of Th2 cells in the lung of patients with eosinophilic pneumonia (EP).Methods: The concentrations of TARC, MDC, and interleukin (IL)-5 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by ELISA. Proportion of CCR4-expressing CD4+ T cells (CCR4+ CD4+ T cells) was determined by flow cytometry.Results: TARC and MDC concentrations in BALF were higher in patients with EP than in normal subjects. The proportion of CCR4-expressing cells among CD4+ T cells was higher in BALF than in peripheral blood of patients with EP. There was a significant correlation between the number of CCR4+ CD4+ T cells and the levels of TARC, MDC, and IL-5 in BALF of patients with EP.Conclusions: Our data suggest that Th2 cells, which express CCR4 and its ligands (TARC and MDC), contribute to the pathogenesis of EP in the lung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 27 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Masticatory function was analysed before and after orthodontic treatment in two cases where tooth alignment remained unusual after treatment. The Sirognathograph Analyzing System® was used to analyse the masticatory function. In both cases, the right maxillary first premolar was located where the maxillary canine is normally positioned. The results of orthodontic treatment were satisfactory both morphologically and aesthetically, and masticatory function was greatly improved. However, some problems remained in the mandibular movement due to the abnormal contact between the mandibular teeth and the maxillary first premolar. These findings support the need for examination of masticatory function when treating patients with an unusual tooth alignment even if the results of orthodontic treatment are both morphologically and aesthetically successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Soybean (Glycine max) cv. Harosoy 63 is resistant to race 1 and susceptible to race 9 of Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea (Pmg). In detached primary leaves inoculated with zoospores, growth of race 1 was completely suppressed 16 h after inoculation, while race 9 was unaffected. The amount of the phytoalexin glyceollin that accumulated, however, was not significantly different in either the incompatible or compatible interaction 16 h after inoculation. At the circumference of the inoculated area, a slight accumulation of phytoalexin was observed only in the incompatible interaction 20 h or more after inoculation. Tolerance of race 9 to the phytoalexin was significantly higher than that of race 1 when the phytoalexin was added to agar. Moreover, race 9 degraded glyceollin faster than race 1. On leaves inoculated at separate points with either race, the lesion associated with race 9 never colonized areas inoculated with race 1. These results suggest that factor(s) other than the accumulation of phytoalexin in soybean tissue might cause cessation of growth of Pmg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 29 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We examined full thickness specimens of oesophageal squamous dysplasia from both cancer-free and cancer patients using immunohistochemical labelling for cytokeratin subtypes 10/13 and 14 and for involucrin, binding studies for various lectins, and PAS/D staining before and after diastase treatment. We studied specimens from patients with oesophageal carcinoma (52 normal epithelia, and 49 with mild, 38 with moderate, and 32 with severe dysplasia), and 32 specimens from cancer-free patients (five normal epithelia and 16 with mild and 11 with moderate dysplasia). Abnormal cytokeratin expression patterns in atypical cells, i.e. both cytokeratin 10/13 and cytokeratin 14 immunoreactivity in the same cells was detected in 41 of 99 specimens with dysplasias in cancer patients. Helix aspersaErythrina cristagalli and Robinia pseudoacacia binding was consistently negative in atypical cells in squamous dysplasia. The non-atypical layer of squamous dysplasia, which was morphologically indistinguishable from the corresponding layer of normal oesophageal squamous epithelium, showed abnormal involucrin expression in 39/101 specimens, Helix aspersa binding in 74/106, diastase sensitive PAS staining in 52/110, Erythrina cristaglli binding in 28/107, and Robinia pseudoacacia binding in 16/100. There were no significant differences in the expression of these markers in dysplasia between cancer patients and cancer-free individuals with the exception of increased Robinia pseudoacacia binding in the non-atypical layer in cancer-free patients. The results indicate that abnormal patterns of cytokeratin expression and lectin binding occur not only in atypical cells but also in non-atypical cells in oesophageal squamous dysplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 65-69 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: From analysis of the elastic neutron scattering data of Dolino et al. [J. Phys. (Paris) (1984), 45, 361–371], it is shown that, besides the well identified components u_x and u_y of the acoustic displacements in the incommensurate (IC) phase of quartz, there also exists a strong component of the u_z vector of the modulation. The existence of the large u_z is not consistent with the currently accepted model for the IC transition in quartz, since the long-period IC modulation observed in quartz cannot induce any noticeable acoustic component u_z. The need for a new model is keenly felt in order to understand the origin of the IC modulation in quartz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The participation of adhesion molecules in systemic vascular injuries of the generalized Shwartzman reaction was studied. The generalized Shwartzman reaction was induced in mice by two consecutive injections of lipopolysaccharide. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was expressed on vascular endothelial cells, renal tubular cells and alveolar wall in generalized Shwartzman reaction-induced mice. The preparative injection of lipopolysaccharides induced ICAM-1 expression in those cells, and the provocative injection of lipopolysaccharides for the generalized Shwartzman reaction augmented it further. The simultaneous administration of anti-gamma interferon antibody with the preparative injection of lipopolysaccharides completely inhibited ICAM-1 expression on vascular endothelial cells. The injection of recombinant gamma interferon in replacement of lipopolysaccharides resulted in ICAM-1 expression. The administration of anti-ICAM-1 antibody together with the provocative injection of lipopolysaccharides significantly blocked the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in generalized Shwartzman reaction-induced mice. It was suggested that ICAM-1 expression on vascular endothelial cells might be involved in systemic vascular injuries of the generalized Shwartzman reaction, and that it might be regulated by gamma interferon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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