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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of linewidths of Ne-like germanium soft x-ray laser in slab targets (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 3610-3616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe our measurements of linewidths of the two J=2-1 transitions (232.24 and 236.25 A(ring)) and the J=0-1 transition (196.20 A(ring)) of Ne-like germanium soft x-ray laser in slab targets. The high resolution spectral measurement was performed using a grazing incidence spectrometer with an x-ray CCD camera. Time integrated linewidths, the full width at half maximum, of the two J=2-1 lasing lines are about 20(±4) mA(ring) when the gain-length product (GL) is ∼8. The linewidth of the J=0-1 line is measured to be 25 mA(ring) as the GL is ∼5. The measured linewidths of the 236.25 A(ring) line are slightly narrower than those of 232.24 A(ring) in the same shot, reflecting their different intrinsic linewidths. For the J=2-1 transitions, the thermal Doppler broadening (43 mA(ring) inhomogeneous) has been obtained by one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of the plasma expansion, and the collisional broadening (15 mA(ring) homogeneous) has been considered with all inelastic electron collisional rates among the transition levels in the plasma. The predicted 52 mA(ring) Voigt profile intrinsic linewidth for the 236.25 A(ring) line has been used to calculate linewidth narrowing by the one-dimensional model of amplified spontaneous emission. The experimental data are in agreement with the model calculation in the short targets. Spectral narrowing is not evident in the long targets. We examined soft x-ray propagation in the plasma by ray-trace calculation. It is shown that refraction is an important factor affecting the spectral narrowing of soft x-ray lasers. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359937
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of the Stark effect in coupled quantum wells by electroluminescence and circularly polarized photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 7476-7481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Successful observation is reported of the quantum-confined Stark effect in electroluminescence (EL) under a "forward'' electric-field condition, with a current injected into a p-i-n diode containing Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs symmetric coupled double quantum wells (CDQWs). The Stark shift observed in EL and (under a reverse bias) in photoluminescence (PL), in both of which the transitions involved are between the electron and heavy-hole lowest states, is found to be symmetrical with respect to the flatband bias, in agreement with calculations. The origin of the optical transitions between electron and light- or heavy-hole states in the CDQWs is also clearly identified by a combination of PL and circularly polarized photoluminescence excitation spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356618
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft x-ray spectra of highly ionized elements with atomic numbers ranging from 57 to 82 produced by compact lasers (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1923-1930 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray emission spectra in the spectral range of 2–13 nm from 19 kinds of material with high atomic numbers (lanthanum through lead) were recorded with a grazing incidence spectrometer equipped with a microchannel plate detector. There is an intense, narrow spectral band in these spectra which shifts toward shorter wavelength and becomes weak in intensity with increasing atomic number. The materials were irradiated either by a 4 J/35 ns slab Nd:glass laser or by a 0.5 J/8 ns Nd:YAG laser. The absolute photon intensities of the spectra were determined with an absolutely calibrated charge coupled device camera. The peak spectral brightness of the emission at the peak intensity of the spectral band for lanthanum plasma was estimated to be 2.1×1016 photons/s/mm2/mrad2 in 0.1% bandwidth. The origin of the narrow, intense spectral bands in the recorded spectra and their dependence on target materials and laser wavelength are interpreted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356339
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a two-dimensional space-resolved high speed sampling camera : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 625-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We developed a two-dimensional spatial resolved high-speed UV sampling camera (HISAC) to study energy transport in laser-produced plasmas. The HISAC is composed of an optical bundle of fibers coupled to a streak camera to obtain a two-dimensional spatial resolution with a temporal resolution of less than a few 10 ps. This HISAC system was demonstrated in the experiments on inferred uniformity measurements of laser-ablation pressures as well as on energy transport in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions. Two-dimensional shock heating was temporally resolved in a hemispherical target, resulting in the distribution of the ablation pressure as a function of laser incidence angle. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149383
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of uniform titanium dioxide films by sputtering of tapered targets in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 896-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A rectilinearly wide plasma has been formed by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR). The ECR magnetic field is generated in the long range using a pair of 300-mm length magnets with oppositely facing poles. Microwave of 2.45-GHz frequency is supplied through a quartz window from a slotted waveguide placed between the magnets. A preliminary experiment is conducted to acquire basic data for sputtering targets to fabricate wide, uniform thin films. It is established by simulation that sputtering directivity obeys the square-root cosine law. Two planar titanium targets are lined up in parallel with the slotted waveguide. They are so tapered as to point their edges at each other and soaked in the uniform plasma. Uniform films are formed within an area of 180×180 mm2 in a 200-mm width plasma by sputtering the tapered targets and varying the direction of substrate surface to the targets. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148591
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of laser-imploded core plasmas with an advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez x-ray microscope : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 824-827 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We developed an advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez (AKB) x-ray microscope which consisted of two hyperbolic mirrors and two elliptic mirrors. The spatial resolution of (approximately-less-than)3 μm was realized over ∼1 mm diam. This AKB microscope was used for x-ray imaging in laser fusion experiments. Laser absorption nonuniformity with a large wave number on a spherical solid target or a plane slab target was estimated by measurements of x-ray emission from the target surface with the microscope. The x-ray images of the imploded core plasmas were also obtained with the AKB microscope, changing the laser focus condition and the laser energy balance. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147699
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved design of cusp-type electron-cyclotron resonance ion sources (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3873-3875 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An ion source of electron-cyclotron resonance using cusp magnetic field is designed. The field is generated with two cylindrical magnets polarized parallel to the axis of symmetry. Lines of magnetic induction are in this configuration longer than in conventional cusp machines. The plasma electrons escaping from a line cusp are repelled by applying negative potential to an electrode repeller. The repeller of low work function emits additional electrons. A whistler wave is launched through a helical antenna at a point cusp to produce overdense plasmas. An intense ion beam is formed by extracting ions at the other point cusp where the magnetic flux is focused. The repeller materials are sputtered at the line cusp and ionized in the plasma. The atomic flux from the cylindrical surface is focused at the center of plasma to give abundant ions from the solid materials. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145452
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron cyclotron resonance multicharged ion source with elemental boron : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1113-1115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Fundamental experiments have been carried out by using a two-stage electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source (2.45 GHz) to produce multiply charged boron ions without gaseous feedstocks. A boron target, inserted into the ECR source, is heated and efficiently sputtered by dc bias. The B2+ ion current is successfully extracted under low microwave power (∼100 W). Dependence of extracted B+ ion current on dc bias voltage is similar to that of theoretical sputtering yield on incident ion energy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145081
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of an advanced minimum B for electron cyclotron resonance multicharged ion sources (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 1131-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An advanced configuration of minimum-B field is designed for the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) multicharged ion sources. The aim is to dramatically increase the efficiency of ion beam extraction by correcting the deformed magnetic flux tube containing hot plasma. The correction is performed by reversing the polarity of successive multipoles in the longitudinal direction. This method enables us to adopt the quadrupole that causes the greatest deformation. In addition, the most intense electron acceleration can be achieved with the quadrupole, since the radial field gradient is the largest of all multipoles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional toroidal electron analyzer for energy and angular dispersive measurements (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1970-1977 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A toroidal electrostatic analyzer with a two-dimensional position-sensitive electron detector has been developed for the measurement of differential excitation cross sections in electron-ion collisions. The electron position is resolved simultaneously in the energy and angular dispersive directions of the analyzer. The present electron analyzer is specially designed with a narrow curved entrance slit and a wide exit slit coupled with an exit lens system after the toroidal deflector, which can give a wide energy dispersed range of 20% of the mean pass energy and a large angular range extending from 30° to 120°. The performance of the spectrometer has been studied by measuring the scattered electrons from Ar atoms and from a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface, indicating the usefulness of the present analyzer in electron spectroscopy. A brief description of the method for a spectrum transformation from Cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates is also presented. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149696
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