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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NATIONAL INCOME, WELFARE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Review of income and wealth 24 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-4991
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This article explores the assumptions underlying present definitions of national income in its principal uses, and considers the alterations that would be needed to allow for the inclusion of environmental quality. A numerical example illustrates the impact of alternative measures. The discussion concludes that if we want national income to conform more closely to theoretical concepts of welfare indices, then we need to include a proxy for those environmental services that would not be completely free goods if it were possible to overcome their inherent non-marketability. The least unsatisfactory proxy would be the spending on environmental protection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1978.tb00067.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatography-olfactometry of orange juice to assess the effects of plastic polymers on aroma character (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 40 (1992), S. 650-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00016a026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of risk factors for acute cutaneous graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 148 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background Although skin is typically the first site of involvement of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), most standard recommended staging and grading criteria allow enrolment of patients with involvement of GVHD target organs other than the skin in studies analysing risk factors for acute GVHD after stem cell transplantation (SCT). Objectives To determine the risk factors for developing histologically confirmed acute cutaneous GVHD in patients who underwent allogeneic SCT for different haematological disorders. Methods This retrospective study was based on review of clinical files and databases from 300 consecutive patients with several haematological disorders who received allogeneic SCT between 1 January 1984 and 31 December 1999 at Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain. Variables evaluated included diagnosis of haematological disorder, age and gender (donor and recipient), HLA matching, female donor to male recipient, donor and recipient viral serology (cytomegalovirus), conditioning regimen, GVHD prophylaxis, blood counts at day of engraftment, mortality, cause of death, and survival at 100 days, 5 years and 10 years following SCT. Results In multivariate analysis, risk factors for acute cutaneous GVHD were type of haematological disease (P = 0·006), HLA disparity (P = 0·006), number of transplants per patient (P = 0·017), conditioning regimen (P = 0·001), and GVHD prophylaxis (P = 0·025). Survival rates did not differ significantly for cases and controls. Conclusions Risk factors for acute cutaneous GVHD were a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukaemia, HLA disparity, receipt of more than one SCT, conditioning regimens including total body irradiation, and GVHD prophylaxis regimens other than ciclosporin plus methotrexate. Other common risk factors for acute GVHD without specific target organ involvement showed no significant association with the risk for developing acute GVHD affecting the skin as primary target organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05336.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bi12(Bi0.5IIITl0.5III)O19.50 (1994)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 656-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270193011205
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of secondary metabolites from the spongesDysidea fragilis andPleraplysilla spinifera to the mantle dermal formations (MDFs) of the mudibranchHypserlodoris webbi (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 510-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Nudibranch ; Hypselodoris ; sponge ; Dysidea ; Pleraplysilla ; Microciona ; furanosesquiterpenoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The opisthobranch molluscHypselodoris webbi is able to select, among its potential preys, sponges chemically rich in furanosesquiterpenoids. The sequestered secondary metabolites act as defensive allomones against predators and are accumulated in some dorsal glands (MDFs). This transfer from sponges to MDFs has been proven by maintainingH. webbi together with some selected sponges in an aquarium for a prolonged period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01920760
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dinucleotides and G + C content in human genes: Opposite behavior of GpG, GpC, and TpC at II-III codon positions and in introns (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 37 (1993), S. 131-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Human genome ; Dinucleotides ; Introns ; II-III codon positions ; G + C content
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the behavior of the dinucleotide preferences under G + C content variation in human genes. The doublet preferences for each dinucleotide were compared between two functionally distinct zones in genes, the II-III codon positions, and the introns. The 16 dinucleotides have been tentatively classified in three groups: AA, AC, CC, CT, and GA, doublets showing no difference between introns and II-III codon positions in the full range of G + C variation TG and TA, which differ in the full range of G + C variation AT, AG, GT, TC, TT, GG, GC, CG, and CA, which show differences in regions over 50% G + C A remarkable pattern observed concerns the behavior of GG, GC, and TC, which showed opposite trends in II-III codon positions and in introns. If codon positions and introns are under the same structural requirements and the same mutational bias, our results indicate that the differences observed could be related to post-transcriptional constraints acting on mRNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02407348
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of Estimates of the Compensation for Danger (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of risk and uncertainty 20 (2000), S. 247-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0476
    Keywords: cost-benefit ; value of life ; labour market
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Estimates of the extra earnings for jobs with higher risks of death are used in cost-benefit studies involving risk changes. Because of this use, the magnitude and stability of the estimated coefficient are important. Part of the current study closely reproduces the 1982 study by Marin and Psacharopoulos to check on the stability. We also examine the robustness of the estimate to the inclusion/exclusion of non-fatal risks and other relevant characteristics. While the magnitude of the coefficient has increased from the earlier study, the coefficient is robust to other changes in the specification. This yields a “value of life” figure of £9.7 million.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007819530588
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomized study of mitoxantrone plus cytarabine versus daunomycin plus cytarabine in the treatment of previously untreated adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (1994)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 69 (1994), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia ; Adult patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Between May 1985 and November 1988, 143 adult patients with previously untreated acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were randomized to receive mitoxantrone and cytarabine (MTT+Ara-C) or daunomycin and cytarabine (DNM+Ara-C) in order to compare the efficacy and acute and chronic toxicities. Therapy consisted of 3 days of MTT 12 mg/m2/i.v. or DNM 45 mg/m2/i.v.; both groups received Ara-C 100 mg/m2 daily by continuous infusion (CI) for 7 days. Those who failed to achieve a complete remission after one induction course received a second induction course for 2 and 5 days at the same doses. All the patients who achieved complete remission received two consolidations of 2 days of MTT or DNM and 5 days of Ara-C in CI at the same dose as for induction. Of the 72 patients on MTT+Ara-C, 38 (53%) achieved complete remission, compared with 29 (43%) of 67 treated with DNM+Ara-C. Three and 5 patients had partial remission, 7 and 18 failed to respond, 24 and 15 died in the first 21 days of induction, of those treated with MTT+Ara-C or DNM+Ara-C, respectively (p=0.34). Median duration of complete remission and survival was 185 and 103 days or 165 and 160 days, respectively (p=0.85). More early deaths were observed with MTT+Ara-C due to greater myelosuppression, and a higher incidence of failure with DNM+Ara-C. No significant differences between treatment groups were observed in 21 categories of adverse events. The results demonstrate similar incidence of complete response, length of duration of complete remission, overall survival, and toxicity with MTT+Ara-C and DNM+Ara-C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01757342
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation of a dietary sesterterpenoid in the Mediterranean nudibranchHypselodoris orsini (1993)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 582-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Nudibranch ; sponge ; Cacospongia mollior ; Hypselodoris orsini ; sesterterpenoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The metabolic relationship between the marine molluscHypselodoris orsini and the spongeCacospongia mollior has been reinvestigated. The predator-prey association has been confirmed even though the metabolic patterns of the two invertebrates are substantially different. Most probably the nudibranch converts the main sponge metabolite, the sesterterpenoid scalaradial (1), into a less oxygenated related metabolite, deoxoscalarin (4), followed by a second chemical transformation leading to a new sesterterpenoid, 6-keto-deoxoscalarin (5) which is selectively compartmentalized into some dorsal glands, mantle dermal formations (MDFs), strategically distributed near the gills. 6-keto-deoxoscalarin (5) has been characterized by 1D and 2D NMR methods. Finally, the unusual association of some Chromodorididae molluscs with sponges containing sesterterpenoids suggests a further analysis of their taxonomical collocation is required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955168
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histological and chemical study of the cerata of the opisthobranch molluscTethys fimbria (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 111 (1991), S. 353-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Tethys fimbria is a poorly studied nudibranch that, recently, has been shown to possess large amounts of unusual prostaglandin (PG) derivatives. The cerata ofT. fimbria collected in the Bay of Naples (Italy) between November 1990 and January 1991 were submitted to histological analysis. This revealed the presence of both longitudinal and transverse smooth muscle fibres together with multicellular defensive glands, responsible for the typical spontaneous contractions of the cerata and for the extrusion of a hyaline secretion, respectively. A role forT. fimbria cerata in mollusc defense behaviour is suggested. Chemical analysis of the cerata led to the isolation of high levels of prostaglandin free acids (PGs) and of PG-1,15-lactones of the E, A and F series, whereas the secretion contained only PG-1,15-lactones of the E and A series. The latter were found to be toxic to mosquito fish at concentrations ranging between 1 and 10 µg ml−1, whereas PG free acids and PG-1,15-lactones of the F series were not toxic. The possibility that PGE- and PGA-1.15-lactones areT. fimbria defense allomones is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01319406
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