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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The roles of prostaglandin E receptor subtypes in the cytoprotective action of prostaglandin E2 in rat stomach (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: To investigate the EP receptor subtype involved in the gastroprotective action of prostaglandin (PG) E2 using various EP receptor agonists in rats, and using knockout mice lacking EP1 or EP3 receptors. Methods: Male SD rats and C57BL/6 mice were used after an 18-h fast. Gastric lesions were induced by oral administration of HCl/ethanol (150 m m HCl in 60% ethanol). Rats were given various EP agonists i.v. 10 min before HCl/ethanol: PGE2, sulprostone (EP1/EP3 agonist), butaprost (EP2 agonist), 17-phenyl-ω-trinorPGE2 (17-phenylPGE2: EP1 agonist), ONO-NT012 (EP3 agonist) and 11-deoxyPGE1 (EP3/EP4 agonist). In a separate study, the effect of PGE2 on HCl/ethanol lesions was examined in EP1- and EP3-receptor knockout mice. Results: Gastric lesions induced by HCl/ethanol were dose dependently prevented by PGE2; this effect was mimicked by sulprostone and 17-phenylPGE2 and was significantly antagonized by ONO-AE-829, an EP1 antagonist. Neither butaprost, ONO-NT012 nor 11-deoxyPGE1 exhibited any protective activity against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions. PGE2 caused an inhibition of gastric motility as well as an increase of mucosal blood flow and mucus secretion, the effects being mimicked by prostanoids activating EP1 receptors, EP2/EP3/EP4 receptors and EP4 receptors, respectively. On the other hand, although HCl/ethanol caused similar damage in both wild-type mice and knockout mice lacking EP1 or EP3 receptors, the cytoprotective action of PGE2 observed in wild-type and EP3-receptor knockout mice totally disappeared in mice lacking EP1 receptors. Conclusion: The gastric cytoprotective action of PGE2 is mediated by activation of EP1 receptors. This effect may be functionally associated with inhibition of gastric motility but not with increased mucosal blood flow or mucus secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.014s1116.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reflection electron microscopy (1987)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 20 (1987), S. 147-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Reflection electron microscopy (REM) in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions is reviewed. UHV-REM can characterize surface structures of monolayer levels such as steps, domains of reconstructed surface structures and their boundaries and these capabilities are used to observe surface dynamic processes such as phase transitions of reconstructed surface structures and adsorbate structures and adsorption processes, oxidations, sublimations and ion-sputtering and annealing. The method is compared with other surface-imaging techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889887086916
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the mouse transcriptome based on functional annotation of 60,770 full-length cDNAs (2002)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 420 (2002), S. 563-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Only a small proportion of the mouse genome is transcribed into mature messenger RNA transcripts. There is an international collaborative effort to identify all full-length mRNA transcripts from the mouse, and to ensure that each is represented in a physical collection of clones. Here we report the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01266
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscope analyses of domains and discommensurations in ferroelectric Rb2ZnCl4. Erratum (1989)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 146-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The following corrections should be made in Tsuda, Yamamoto & Yagi [Acta Cryst. (1988). A44, 864-870]. (1) 'only two kinds of domain boundaries' in the Abstract should be changed to 'two kinds of image contrast of domain boundaries'. (2) The expressions for h2, h4, h6 in § 4.1 should be replaced by h2: -x -y -z + h4: -x -y -z (inversion) h6: -x -y -z + (3) "two kinds of DC's showing different contrast' in the second paragraph in § 4.1 should be changed to 'two kinds of DC contrast'.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767388012395
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscope analyses of domains and discommensurations in ferroelectric Rb2ZnCl4 (1988)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 44 (1988), S. 864-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Image contrast of domains and discommensurations in ferroelectric Rb2ZnCl4 is studied. Six domains of the two orientation variants and three translation variants in the ferroelectric phase are observed. However, only two kinds of domain boundaries, which are the discommensurations in the incommensurate phase of Rb2ZnCl4, are observed. These observations agree with group-theoretical considerations of the phase transition from the normal phase to the commensurate phase of Rb2ZnCl4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767388004945
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipid peroxidation caused by chinoform-ferric chelate in cultured neural retinal cells (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 1561-1563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Lipid peroxidation ; chinoform-ferric chelate ; chick neural retinal cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Incorporation of chinoform-ferric chelate was demonstrable in cultured neural retinal cells of chick embryos after 1 h of incubation, and the lipid peroxide level in the cells was increased strikingly 1 h thereafter. On the other hand, free ferric ions were scarcely incorporated into the cells, and a significant increase in the lipid peroxide level in the cells was not observed. These data indicate that chinoform is carrier of iron for its passage through cell membranes and that the incorporated iron induces lipid peroxidation which in turn leads to neural cell degeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01964807
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Petrology and magnetic properties of the Chiang Khan, Thailand, meteorite (1989)
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 40 (1989), S. 173-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary The Chiang Khan meteorite fell on 18th November, 1981 at Chiang Khan, Thailand. It consists of olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, Fe-Ni metal, troilite, chromite, plagioclase, glass, and phosphate in order of abundance. Olivine forms barred or porphyritic chondrules, and its composition is uniform (average Fo80.2), close to the average composition of olivine in equilibrated H chondrites. Orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene also have compositions similar to those in equilibrated H chondrites. Both well-defined chondrules and their broken fragments are present in the recrystallized matrix. Microcrystalline plagioclase and clinopyroxene often occur in the groundmass of chondrules, but clear interstitial plagioclase is absent. Chemical composition of chromite plots in the field of chromites in H chondrites. Chiang Khan meteorite is thus classified as an equilibrated H 5 type chondrite. The equilibrium temperatures estimated by using mineral pairs are as follows: Opx-Cpx 800–900°C; Ol-Chromite 510°C. Water content is 0.24 wt %, and the hydrogen isotopic composition (ΔD) is −89.5‰ In the thermal demagnetization experiment magnetization steadily decreased from 0 to 500°C, whereas the remanent magnetization obtained in the A.C. demagnetization experiment is very unstable, probably owing to the large grain size of the Fe-Ni metal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01164487
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the mutant gene for L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase in scurvy-prone rats (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 126-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase ; ascorbic acid deficiency ; enzyme defect ; rat ; nuclei acid hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A mutant strain of Wistar rats with L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase deficiency has recently been established. To investigate this deficiency by DNA and RNA blot hybridization analyses, a fragment of a previously cloned cDNA encoding rat L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase was used as a probe. When genomic DNA of the mutant rat was digested with several restriction enzymes, the probe hybridized to fragments of the same sizes as those produced from DNA of normal rats. Poly(A)+RNA from the liver of the mutant rat was found to contain an L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase-specific mRNA of a normal size at a comparable level to that of normal rats. An in vitro translation experiment revealed that the mRNA programmed the synthesis of an enzyme protein which had the same molecular weight as that of the translational product of the normal mRNA, although the amount synthesized was markedly reduced as compared with that synthesized with the normal mRNA. In accordance with this observation, a very low but definite degree of L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase activity was detected in the microsomes of the mutant rat by a newly developed, highly sensitive method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954844
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterotopia in microcephaly induced by cytosine arabinoside: hippocampus in the neocortex (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 403-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cytosine arabinoside ; Heterotopia ; Microcephaly ; Hippocampus ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pregnant mice were injected intraperitoneally with cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) on days 13.5 and 14.5 of pregnancy. The brains of their offspring were studied histologically and histochemically. In addition to dysgenic microcephaly, nodular structures consisting of cells with a relatively homogeneous morphology were observed in the depths of the cerebral cortex. The cell clusters were first seen around postnatal day 4, and had a cellular continuity with the disarrayed pyramidal cell layer in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Golgi-Cox staining showed a number of pyramidal-shaped cells in the clusters. Morphologically, they resembled the pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Immunohistochemical examination, using anti-serotonin or anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies, also indicated similarities between the cell clusters and the pyramidal cell layer. It is, therefore, proposed that the cell clusters consisted of heterotopic pyramidal cells of the hippocampus. A few synaptic structures could already be detected in the heterotopic cell clusters on postnatal day 3 by electron microscopy. This early establishment of synaptic contact with related neurons may have caused the heterotopic localization of the pyramidal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010000205
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synergistic activation of rat supraoptic neurosecretory neurons by noxious and hypovolemic stimuli (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 62 (1986), S. 572-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vasopressin cell ; Noxious input ; Hypovolemia ; Supraoptic nucleus ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of saphenous nerve stimulation on discharge activity of supraoptic neurosecretory (NS) cells were studied in anesthetized rats. Of 112 supraoptic neurosecretory cells, 62 exhibited a ‘phasic’ discharge pattern. The nerve stimulation transiently excited 46 of these 62 ‘phasic’ units, as well as 35 of the 50 remaining ‘non-phasic’ units. No appreciable blood pressure change was noted using PSTHs with 1-ms resolution. Though the nerve stimulation also evoked a flexor reflex of the ipsilateral hind limb, blockage of the hind limb movement with gallamine did not alter the amplitude of the supraoptic cell excitation. The threshold of the nerve stimulation was higher for the excitation than for the flexor reflex. Effects of hypovolemic and hyperosmotic stimuli on discharge activity of ‘phasic’ cells during saphenous nerve stimulation were studied to find a possible interaction between these stimuli. Hemorrhage potentiated the transient excitation evoked by the nerve stimulation in all of the 8 ‘phasic’ cells tested, while no such effect was seen after an injection of hypertonic sodium chloride solution in the 7 ‘phasic’ cells tested. These electrophysiological data suggest that hypovolemic and noxious stimuli potentiate VP secretion in a synergistic manner but that hyperosmotic and noxious stimuli do not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236036
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