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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1900-1904
  • Genetics  (2)
  • divalent cations  (2)
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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1900-1904
  • 1990-1994  (1)
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vascular risk factors in dementia (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 81-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Dementia ; Vascular ¶dementia ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Risk factors, stroke ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This review describes differing profiles of vascular risk factors in different types of dementia. Although vascular risk factors are related to various types of strokes, their independent effect on the occurrence of poststroke dementia appears to be small. Various risk factors have been identified for microangiopathy-related cerebral abnormalities, such as white matter changes and lacunae, which are the core lesions for the development of a vascular dementia syndrome without stroke symptoms. Most consistently, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus have been found to be associated with such brain abnormalities. Diastolic blood pressure seems to be of particular importance as recent investigations demonstrate that this factor is related to the course of multiple lacunar strokes and the progression of white matter disease. Epidemiological studies report that various vascular risk factors including arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atrial fibrillation may also be associated with Alzheimer’s disease. There is also evidence of a direct relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and general atherosclerosis. Further investigations are needed to determine whether these associations are due to the weakness of diagnostic criteria, or whether vascular risk factors indeed modulate the clinical expression of primary degenerative dementia. Common susceptibility genes leading to shared risk factors may be one of the reasons for a higher coincidence of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia than can be expected by chance. A modulatory effect of vascular risk factors in the development of primary degenerative dementia may extend treatment options.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050021
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Re-examination of (in)compatibility genotypes of two John Innes self-compatible sweet cherry selections (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 234-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cherry ; Genetics ; Compatibility ; Incompatibility ; Isoelectric focusing ; Prunus avium ; Ribonuclease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The (in)compatibility genotypes of two self-compatible sweet cherry selections, JI 2420 and JI 2434, originating from the John Innes Institute were re-examined. The selections and seedlings derived from them were analysed for stylar ribonucleases, which are known to correlate with S alleles, and the outcome of test crosses was recorded. JI 2420, which had been reported previously as S 3 S 4 ", where " indicates loss of pollen activity, was deduced to have the genotype S 4 S 4 ’. For JI 2434, which had been reported previously as S 3 S 4 0 , S 3 S 3 0 or S 3 S 3 ", where 0 indicates loss of pollen and stylar activity, two different clones were identified. One, at East Malling, was deduced to be S 3 "S 4 ; the other, at Ahrensburg, appeared to be S 3 S 3 " or S 3 S 3 0 .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051474
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competitive action of divalent cations and D600 in frog slow muscle fibers (1989)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 112 (1989), S. 185-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: slow fiber ; K contracture ; D600 ; divalent cations ; competitive binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Single, slow muscle fibers fromRana temporaria were equilibrated in normal Ringer's. 95 mmol/liter K1-solution containing various concentrations of Ca2+, Ni2+, Mn2 or Mg2+ was applied, and the ensuing contractures were recorded isometrically. While peak tension (F max) was little affected, maintained tension (measured 1 min after onset of contracture) strongly depended on the concentration and species of divalent cations. Tension was maintained at its peak value in the presence of all species of divalent cations provided their concentrations were adequately increased. Dose-response curves were hyperbolic: Lineweaver-Burk plots revealed straight lines with different slopes intersecting near 1/F max, and indicating the following order of efficiency: Ni2+〉Ca2+〉Mn2+〉〉Mg2+. Hill plots for these cations resulted in straight lines with slopes near 1. Qualitatively similar relationships were obtained with contracture solutions containing D6000 (3–12 μmol/liter). However, under these conditions higher concentrations of Ca2+ or Ni2+ were required in order to fully maintain tension. After a step concentration change in the medium during contracture, the effects of Ca2+ or D600 were detectable only after a delay of 9 and 18 sec, respectively. It is concluded that divalent cations and D600 compete for the same binding site according to a 1:1 reaction. This site is presumably located inside the transverse tubular system and controls inactivation of the contractile force.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01871279
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of divalent cations on the potassium contracture of slow muscle fibers ofRana temporaria (1987)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 100 (1987), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: slow muscle fiber ; K contracture ; divalent cations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary K contractures of single slow muscle fibers ofRana temporaria were measured isometrically in the presence of normal, reduced, and increased Ca2+ concentrations at 18 to 20°C. At normal Ca2+ concentration (1.8mm) contracture tension decreased from its peak value of 35.4±8.2 N/cm2 to 59.4±23.9% within one minute, and to 48.3±27% within two minutes (30 fibers). Peak tension was virtually unaffected by changes of the Ca2+ concentration, but maintenance of tension was impaired by low (0.2mm), and improved by high (10mm) Ca2+ concentrations. When Ca2+ was added during the K contracture, there was practically no restoration of lost tension. Effects similar to those of Ca2+ were observed upon addition of foreign divalent cations to the medium. Co2+, Ni2+, and Cd2+ were slightly more effective than Ca2+ and Mn2+; the smallest effects were obtained with Mg2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+. The effects of foreign divalent cations were independent of the presence of Ca2+. It is concluded that in slow fibers ofRana temporaria maintenance of contracture tension is not due to an influx of Ca2+ ions. Instead, binding of divalent cations to superficial sites seems to be essential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02209152
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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