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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1975-1979  (1)
  • Capillary leak syndrome Critical illness Sepsis Blood volume determination Bioelectric impedance Osmotic pressure  (1)
  • Chemistry  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Capillary leak syndrome Critical illness Sepsis Blood volume determination Bioelectric impedance Osmotic pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: Capillary leakage syndrome (CLS) is a frequent complication in sepsis, characterized by loss of intravasal fluids leading to generalized edema and hemodynamic instability despite massive fluid therapy. In spite of its importance no standardized diagnostic criteria are available for CLS. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: 1800-bed university hospital Patients: Six septic shock patients with CLS were compared to six control patients. Measurements and results: CLS was clinically determined by generalized edema, positive fluid balance, and weight gain. Plasma volume was measured by indocyanine green, red blood cell volume by chromium-51 labeled erythrocytes, and colloid osmotic pressure before and 90 min after the administration of 300 ml 20% albumin. Extracellular water (ECW) was measured using the inulin distribution volume and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Red blood cells averaged 20.2±1.0 ml/kg body weight in CLS patients and 23.3±4.1 in controls. ECW was higher in CLS patients than in controls (40.0±6.9 vs. 21.7±3.7 l; p〈0.05). ECW of inulin was correlated with that measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (r=0.74, p〈0.01). The increase in colloid osmotic pressure over the 90 min was less in CLS patients than in controls (1.1±0.3 vs. 2.8±1.3 mmHg; p〈0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that measurements of an increased ECW using bioelectrical impedance analysis combined with a different response of colloid osmotic pressure to administration of albumin can discriminate noninvasively between patients with and those without CLS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Nature of the Transition Metal Carbon-σ Bond. III. Phenylethinyl Metal Phthalocyanines of the First Transition SeriesAs well as the reaction of the anionic metal phthalocyanines Li2[MPc] ·6 THF (M = Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn) and Li[MnPc]·6 THF with alkyl iodides and experiments of a normal organylation by carbanionic addition with the metal phthalocyanines CrPcCl and MPc (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) are runing by a relative quick electron transfer with no indications for formation of σ-organyl derivatives of the corresponding metal phthalocyanines.But with lithium or sodium phenylacetylide, respectively, the following phenylethinyl complexes could be prepared, whose mode of formation and constitution are discussed including some iron complexes already described in other connection: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\rm Li}\left[{\left({{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} } \right)_2 {\rm M}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot {\rm xTHF}\left({{\rm M} = {\rm Cr,Co}} \right),} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm M}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot 4,5{\rm THF,C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc} \cdot {\rm 0,5THF,}} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}_{\rm 2} \left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right]_2 \cdot 8{\rm THF,Na}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm ZnPc}} \right] \cdot 5{\rm THF}} \hfill \\\end{array} $$\end{document}.
    Notes: Sowohl die Umsetzung der anionischen Metallphthalocyanine Li2[MPc] · 6 THF (M = Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn) und Li[MnPc] · 6 THF mit Alkyljodiden als auch Versuche einer normalen Organylierung durch Carbanionen-Addition mit den Metallphthalocyaninen CrPcCl und MPc (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) verliefen unter einer relativ schnellen Elektronenübertragung ohne Anzeichen einer Bildung von σ-Organylderivaten der entsprechenden Metallphthalocyanine.Dagegen konnten mit Lithium- bzw. Natriumphenylacetylid die folgenden Phenyläthinyl-Komplexe dargestellt werden, deren Bildungsweise und Konstitution unter Einbeziehung einiger bereits in anderem Zusammenhang beschriebener Eisen-Komplexe zusammenfassend diskutiert wird: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\rm Li}\left[{\left({{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} } \right)_2 {\rm M}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot {\rm xTHF}\left({{\rm M} = {\rm Cr,Co}} \right),} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm M}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot 4,5{\rm THF,C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc} \cdot {\rm 0,5THF,}} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}_{\rm 2} \left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right]_2 \cdot 8{\rm THF,Na}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm ZnPc}} \right] \cdot 5{\rm THF}{\rm .}} \hfill \\\end{array} $$\end{document}
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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