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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and Characterization of Head-to-Head Polymers. 5. Head-to-Head Polystyrene (1977)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 10 (1977), S. 1331-1339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma60060a032
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between the calculated and measured energy transfer rates of the 4S3/2 state in Er3+-doped fluorozirconate glasses (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 1900-1906 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dependence of the fluorescence lifetime of the 4S3/2 state of the Er3+ ion on the ErF3 concentration was measured in fluorozirconate glasses at room temperature. Energy transfer rates were calculated from optical parameters assuming that the Er3+ ions in fluorozirconate glasses were dispersed as the cubic, bcc, or fcc structure, and were inserted into the rate equation. The dependence of the total transition rate of the 4S3/2 state of the Er3+ ion on the ErF3 concentration was calculated by using the rate equation and compared with the total transition rate measured by the lifetime experiment. Although many studies have reported the energy transfer rates in various rare-earth ions, the reliability of the calculated energy transfer rates has been hardly discussed. The energy transfer rate can be derived from the total transition rate. The energy transfer rate estimated from the rate equation calculation was compared with the energy transfer rate obtained from the lifetime measurement. It could be shown that the calculated energy transfer rate assuming that the Er3+ ions were dispersed as the cubic structure was closer to the measured energy transfer rate than that as the bcc and fcc structures. With increasing the ErF3 concentration, the calculated energy transfer rate when the Er3+ ions were dispersed as the cubic structure was comparable to the measured energy transfer rate. It was suggested that at the lower concentration of ErF3 (≤2 mol %), we needed to use the distance between Er3+ ions which was shorter than that as the cubic structure in the calculation of the energy transfer rate. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1303742
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Manometric and hormonal changes after distal partial gastrectomy (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Alkaline oesophagitis attributable to duodenal mechanisms may induce oesophageal carcinogenesis in a rat reflux model. Aim: To investigate the mechanism of the regurgitation after distal partial gastrectomy. Methods: Oesophageal manometry was used in 16 patients before and after distal partial gastrectomy with reconstruction by Bilroth methods. Serum concentrations of four gastrointestinal hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay in 10 gastrectomy patients and nine healthy volunteers before and after a standardized meal. Results: The lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was reduced to 83% after surgery. The amplitude and duration of the peristaltic waves tended to be increased, and the velocity tended to be less after surgery (amplitude 120%, duration 114%, velocity 88%). Interrupted waves appeared more frequently after surgery. The manometric changes in gastrectomized patients are considered to be disadvantageous relative to regurgitation. After surgery, gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide were completely abolished postprandially, whereas cholecystokinin and neurotensin were significantly increased. Conclusion: The hormonal changes should have a suppressive effect on the lower oesophageal sphincter. Both the manometric and the hormonal changes may exacerbate reflux oesophagitis after distal partial gastrectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.014s1166.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S-IV-05 
Study in Hybridized Tissue Engineered Trachea by Using Acellular Trachea Scaffold (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: A method for preparing acellular trachea scaffold and its effectiveness were investigated by using rabbits and dogs Methods: The sacrificed dog or rabbit trachea was collected. The spiral stent of stainless steel was inserted in the obtained trachea. To remove all of cellular components in tissues, the trachea was rinsed with sterilized 0.5% Triton X-100 for 24 to 48 hours at ambient temperature and then for removing the detergents completely using fresh water. The acellular trachea obtained was lyophilized and sterilized by ethylene oxide gas. Before implantation, the lyophilized acellular trachea was soaked in phosphate buffered saline containing 0.5% gelatin and other adhesive molecules for 2 to 18 hours at 37 degree. After 15 mm of rabbit neck trachea was removed surgically under anesthesia, the same length of reengorged acellular rabbit trachea was implanted the removed region. In the case of dog, 50 mm of thoracic trachea was removed under the mechanical ventilation and then the same length of reengorged acellular trachea was implanted by technique of end to end anastomosis. The implanted trachea was rapped by omentum. The effectiveness of acellualr scaffold on implanted-animals was evaluated by endoscope finding. Results: 1) The rabbits implanted reengorged-acellular trachea survived for minimum 10 days and maximum 60 days. It was suggested that the cause of death was the infection of implantation region. 2) The dog implanted reengorged-acellular trachea survived for over 60 days at least. The cause of death was strangulated hernia. 3) The acellular trachea containing various growth factors or cultured with fibroblasts was not always effective. Discussion: It is not necessary for the animal implanted acellular trachea to be administered the immunodepressants such as the animal implanted cryopreserved trachea. From these results, the tissue engineered acellular trachea may be more effective than the cryopreserved trachea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.abstractm.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method of producing tissue sections from endometrial scrapings (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Cytopathology 13 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Method of producing tissue sections from endometrial scrapings Endometrial cytology is important not only for observing cytological findings, but also for assessing histological architecture. Therefore, we attempted to produce a histological preparation from the sample using an automatic fixation apparatus (ACF 1000) which employs a membrane filter method.After observation of the cytological features, the cover slip was removed and a paraffin-embedded section was prepared.Producing a histological section from a cytological specimen prepared with the ACF 1000 apparatus was more useful and easier than with the techniques described to date. Peelability of the cell was avoided by using a silane-coated membrane filter. Observation of the same cell cluster as that observed in the cytological sample was also facilitated in the histological section by this technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2303.2002.00364.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and expression of a Neurospora crassa ribosomal protein gene, crp-7 (2000)
    Springer
    Current genetics 37 (2000), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Ribosomal protein gene crp-7 ; RFLP mapping ; Super induction ; Neurospora crassa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have isolated and characterized a Neurospora crassa cytoplasmic ribosomal protein gene, named crp-7, which is found upstream of the photolyase gene. The deduced amino-acid sequence of this gene is highly homologous to the YS25 ribosomal protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The crp-7 ORF consists of two exons which are separated by a short intron. The deduced polypeptide contains 87 amino acid residues and has a calculated molecular weight of 9.7 kDa. RFLP mapping showed that the crp-7 gene is located on the right arm of linkage group I. Southern blot hybridization analyses indicated that there is only one copy of the crp-7 gene in the N. crassa genome. Transcriptional elements, the Dde box, the Taq box and the CG element, that have been identified in other N. crassa ribosomal protein genes are observed in the promoter region of the crp-7 gene. The crp-7 mRNA levels were low in conidia and highest in young mycelia during vegetative growth. The mRNA levels of four r-protein genes, including the crp-7 gene, as well as the tef-1 gene encoding translational elongation factor 1α, were raised following the treatment of mycelia with a low concentration of cycloheximide. This indicates that the expression of r-protein genes is under the control of so-called super-induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050018
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered flow dynamics of intravascular contrast material to the liver in superior vena cava syndrome: CT findings (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 146-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Superior vena cava—Obstruction—Computed tomography—Flow dynamics—Liver—Collateral.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To evaluate the findings of altered flow dynamics in the livers of patients with obstruction of superior vena cava (SVC) on helical computed tomography (CT). Methods: In six patients (age range = 28–80 years) with SVC obstruction, CT findings were retrospectively reviewed to identify the abnormal enhancement patterns of the liver and the relation with the extrahepatic collateral vessels and hepatic vessels. Results: Abnormal hepatic enhancement was observed in the following four (A–D) portions: (A) anterior portion of segment IV (n = 5), (B) subdiaphragmatic portion of the liver (n = 4), (C) posterior portion of the right lobe (bare area; n = 1), and (D) lateral segment of the left lobe (n = 2). Two major collateral pathways to the liver were demonstrated as follows: A and D → from the umbilical vein to the left portal vein, and B and C → from the subcapsular vein to the bare area of the liver or to the hepatic veins. On helical CT, these collateral pathways were also clearly visualized. Conclusion: When these abnormal enhancements of the liver on CT are recognized within the liver, these findings indicate diversion of contrast material into collateral pathways to the liver with SVC obstruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619910034
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of nitric oxide in arthritic joints: a therapeutic target? (2000)
    Springer
    Modern rheumatology 10 (2000), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-7609
    Keywords: Key words Nitric oxide ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Osteoarthritis ; Therapeutic target
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by many cell types in the joint, and its expression is delicately regulated. Depending on its concentration and cellular origin, NO appears to have both pro- and anti-inflammatory potential in the joint. Constitutively expressed nitric oxide synthase (NOS) produces small amounts of NO, which is essential for normal physiological homeostasis. However, inflammatory stimuli such as endotoxins, cytokines, and growth factors promote inducible NOS (iNOS) expression, initially as an anti-inflammatory response, and catalyse a high output of NO. Excessive NO can amplify inflammatory pathways and contribute to the development and maintenance of arthritis. Consequently, proper regulation of NO synthesis can lead to a novel therapeutic approach for inflammatory joint diseases. Further careful study will be necessary to develop new drugs to regulate the NO pathway and to determine the dosage, timing of administration, and duration of treatment in order to avoid both undesirable immunostimulatory effects and immunosuppressive effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101650050001
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of haemoglobin subtypes and extramedullary haematopoiesis in young rats. Effects of hypercapnic and hypoxic environment (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 114 (2000), S. 66-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) ; Fetal ; haemoglobin ; Rat globin ; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ; Extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The influence of repeated hypoxia on the development of haemoglobin (Hb) subtypes and on extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) was investigated in young Wistar rats of different ages. The rats were exposed to hypercapnic/hypoxic and to “simple” hypoxic conditions. The results obtained were compared to those of an untreated age-matched control group. Different globin chains were measured using HPLC and time-of-flight (TOF) mass analysis. The number of EMH cells was evaluated by cell counting. By determining the proportions of α- and β-chains, fetal, neonatal and mature types of globin chain composition could be differentiated. The β-2 chain levels were significantly higher in hypercapnic/hypoxic environments than in the controls and simple hypoxic environments. The numbers of EMH cells in the two groups subjected to hypercapnia/hypoxia decreased significantly more slowly compared to the controls and simple hypoxia groups. Therefore, the development of Hb subtypes and the EMH activity in rats were influenced by both repeated hypercapnia and hypoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004140000151
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methamphetamine induces an increase in cell size and reorganization of myofibrils in cultured adult rat cardiomyocytes (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 113 (2000), S. 201-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Methamphetamine ; Cardiotoxicity ; Cardiomyocyte ; Cell culture ; Hypertrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the direct effects of methamphetamine (MAP) on cardiac lesions seen in MAP abusers, isolated adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (ARCs) were exposed to MAP (0.05–1.0 mM) in medium 199 containing 10% fetal calf serum. Isolated ARCs attached to laminin-coated substrata and began to spread into polygonal shapes with pseudopodia at day 6 in normal culture. However, the cell attachment and spreading were inhibited by exposure to MAP (0.5 and 1.0 mM) for the first 7 days in culture. On the other hand, exposure to MAP (0.05 and 0.1 mM) for 7 days after a 6-day period of normal culture, led to a larger cross surface area of cells with more abundant actin bundles compared to control cells (p 〈 0.05). This development of spreading area resembled that of norepinephrine-treated ARCs. In addition, immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) granules developed and accumulated around the nuclear region of ARCs exposed to MAP and the number of ANP positive cells tended to increase in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that chronic exposure to a high concentration of MAP may directly inhibit development of ARCs in culture and that a continuous exposure to a low concentration of MAP may facilitate the development of cellular hypertrophy. Therefore, hypertrophied cardiomyocytes in MAP abusers may be provoked by multifactorial incidents of direct and indirect actions of MAP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004149900088
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