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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapy of osteoporosis in patients with Crohn's disease: a randomized study comparing sodium fluoride and ibandronate (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Osteoporosis is a frequent complication in Crohn's disease. Although the efficacy of both sodium fluoride and aminobisphosphonates in postmenopausal osteoporosis has been investigated in long-term therapy studies, no long-term results are available regarding the effect of these agents in the management of osteoporosis in patients with Crohn's disease.Methods : Eighty-four patients with Crohn's disease and pathological bone mineral density findings were randomized to receive either vitamin D3 (1000 IU) and calcium citrate (800 mg) daily (group A) or sodium fluoride (25 mg b.d., group B) or intravenous ibandronate (1 mg every 3 months, group C) in addition to daily calcium/vitamin D substitution. On admission to the study and after 12 and 27 months, patients underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and radiological examination of the spine.Results : Sixty-eight patients completed the 1-year observation period and were available for the intention-to-treat analysis. No new vertebral fractures were diagnosed. In group A, lumbar bone density increased by 2.6% (P = 0.066, N.S.), in group B by 5.7% (P = 0.003) and in group C by 5.4% (P = 0.003). Therapy with sodium fluoride was associated with an increase in osteocalcin (N.S.), whereas administration of ibandronate was associated with a decrease in the resorption parameter, carboxy-terminal cross-linked type-I collagen telopeptide (P 〈 0.05). Both sodium fluoride and ibandronate resulted in significant decreases in the serum concentration of osteoprotegerin after 9 months (P 〈 0.001).Conclusions : The findings of the present study show that both sodium fluoride and ibandronate are effective in combination with calcium and vitamin D substitution in the management of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with Crohn's disease. Both agents are safe and well tolerated, and induce continuous increases in lumbar bone density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01448.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholezystolithiasis bei Kindern und Jugendlichen Einfluss von Adipositas und anderen Risikofaktoren (2000)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 148 (2000), S. 600-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Epidemiologie ; Cholezystolithiasis ; Kinder ; Sonographie ; Risikofaktoren ; Key words Epidemiology ; Cholecystolithiasis ; Children ; Ultrasound ; Risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Objective. To assess the prevalence of and risk factors (e. g., obesity and positive family history) for the development of cholecystolithiasis in a non-selected collective of children and adolescents. Design and participants. A series of 482 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years underwent upper abdominal diagnostic ultrasound examinations as part of a whole-community investigation (response rate: 78%) for Echinococcus multilocularis in a town in southern Germany. Results. Gallbladder stones were identified in three of 482 children, corresponding to a prevalence of 0.6%. None of the three children was overweight at the time of the examination. Additional risk factors (pronounced weight reduction and Wilson's disease) were present in one study subject. Conclusions. Findings of the present study do not confirm the significance of obesity as a risk factor for cholecystolithiasis in children and adolescents.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung. Ziel der Studie war es, Häufigkeit und Risikofaktoren der Cholezystolithiasis, insbesondere Adipositas und familiäre Belastung, an einem unselektierten Kollektiv von Kindern und Jugendlichen zu untersuchen. Methode und Studienkollektiv. Ein Studienkollektiv von 482 Kindern einer Gemeinde in Süddeutschland zwischen 6 und 18 Jahren wurde in einer Vollerhebung (Responserate: 78%) im Rahmen einer Screeninguntersuchung zu Echinococcus multilocularis sonographisch untersucht. Ergebnisse. Bei 3 von 482 Kindern, entsprechend einer Prävalenz von 0,6%, wurden Gallenblasensteine festgestellt. Keines der 3 Kinder war zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchung übergewichtig. Als weitere Risikofaktoren fanden sich bei einem Studienteilnehmer eine starke Gewichtsreduktion sowie ein M. Wilson. Schlussfolgerungen. Adipositas konnte bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in der vorliegenden Studie nicht als Risikofaktor für die Cholezystolithiasis bestätigt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050602
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI in the diagnosis of small bowel disease: use of positive and negative oral contrast media in combination with enteroclysis (2000)
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 1377-1382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MR imaging – Gastrointestinal tract – Contrast agent – Inflammatory bowel disease – Crohn's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the additional findings of MRI following small bowel enteroclysis and to compare the efficacy of negative and positive intraluminal contrast agents. Fifty patients with inflammatory or tumorous small bowel disease were investigated by small bowel enteroclysis and consecutive MRI using breathhold protocol (T1-weighted fast low-angle shot, T2-weighted turbo spin echo). Patients were randomly assigned to either receiving a positive oral (Magnevist, Schering, Berlin, Germany) or a negative oral MR contrast media (Abdoscan, Nycomed, Oslo, Norway). The pattern of contrast distribution, the contrast effect, presence of artifacts, as well as bowel wall and extraluminal changes, were determined and compared between the contrast type using Fischer's exact test. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for MRI and enteroclysis were calculated. Twenty-seven patients had clinically proven Crohn's disease and two patients surgically proven small bowel tumours. Magnetic resonance imaging had important additional findings as abscesses and fistulae in 20 patients. Surgically compared sensitivities were 100 and 0 % for MRI and enteroclysis, for the detection of abscesses, and 83.3 and 17 % for the diagnosis of fistulae, respectively. Bowel wall thickening was more reliably detected with use of positive oral contrast media without intravenous enhancement (p 〈 0.001), whereas postcontrast negative oral contrast media allow for a superior detection (p 〈 0.001). T2-weighted sequences were necessary with use of negative oral contrast media, because loop abscesses may be masked. Magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in all patients with suspicion of extraintestinal complications, because the complications are more reliably detected by MRI. Negative oral contrast media show advantages with the use of intravenous contrast but can mask loop abscesses using only T1-weighted imaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300000354
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostic imaging in Crohn’s disease: comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and conventional imaging methods (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 15 (2000), S. 176-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Keywords MRI ; Abdomen ; Crohn’s disease ; Inflammatory small bowel disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Conventional enteroclysis remains the method of choice in the diagnosis of inflammatory small bowel disease. The reported sensitivity rates, however, for the diagnosis of extraintestinal processes, such as fistulae and abscesses, are moderate. Computed tomography (CT) is the method of choice for the diagnosis of extraintestinal complications. The anatomical designation of the affected bowel segment may, however, prove difficult due to axial slices, and the applied radiation dose is high. The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of inflammatory small bowel disease is a relatively new indication for the method; prerequisites were the development of breathhold sequences and phased array coils. Optimized magnetic resonance tomographic imaging requires a combined method of enteroclysis and MRI, which guarantees an optimal filling and distension of the small bowel. The high filling volume leads to a secondary paralysis of the small bowel and avoids motion artifacts. In a trial of 84 patients with histological and endoscopic correlation the sensitivity in diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease was 85.4% for enteroclysis and 95.2% for MRI, and the specificity was 76.9% for enteroclysis and 92.6% for MRI. As none of the abscesses was diagnosed with enteroclysis, the sensitivity was 0% for enteroclysis, but 77.8% for MRI. The sensitivity in diagnosing fistulae was 17.7% for enteroclysis and 70.6% for MRI. In summary, MRI can detect the most relevant findings in patients with inflammatory small bowel disease with an accuracy superior to that of enteroclysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840000219
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aus- und Weiterbildung in der Abdomen-Sonographie an den deutschen Universitäten (2000)
    Springer
    Der Internist 41 (2000), S. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Ultraschall, Ausbildung ; Ultraschall, Qualitätssicherung ; Facharztweiterbildung, Ultraschall ; Medizinstudium, Ultraschall
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zum Thema Die Qualitätssicherung sowie die Verbesserung der Ausbildungssituation im Bereich der Abdomensonographie ist eine kontinuierliche und nachhaltige Herausforderung. Ziel der hier dargestellten Untersuchung war es, die Ausbildungssituation und die Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen an den deutschen Universitätskliniken für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in den Abteilungen für Gastroenterologie sowie das Lehrangebot für Studierende zu untersuchen. Im Rahmen einer Umfrage an den deutschen Universitätskliniken wurde nach den durchführenden Abteilungen der Abdomensonographie, Anzahl der Untersuchungen, Geräteausstattung, Ausbildungssituation, Qualitätssicherung im Bereich der Routinediagnostik und Lehrangeboten für Studierende im Bereich Ultraschall gefragt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001080050006
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soziale Situation und Lebenszufriedenheit im Alter (2000)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Gerontologie + Geriatrie 33 (2000), S. 210-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-281X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Soziale Situation ; Lebenszufriedenheit ; Alter ; Key words Social situation ; life satisfaction ; old age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A rating instrument suited for a standardized evaluation of the social situation within a geriatric assessment is presented. The social dimensions “activities”, “contacts”, “living” and “finances” are screened by means of four to ten items and reflected by respective scores. The instrument was applied in a study group of 60 elderly persons of the general population and evaluated by means of life satisfaction measures. Positive correlations between the dimensions of the social situation and the respective domains of life satisfaction were found. Cut-offs, allowing the identification of patients, whose social situation is indicative for a low life satisfaction, are proposed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein Untersuchungsinstrument entwickelt, das eine standardisierte Erfassung der sozialen Situation älterer Menschen im Rahmen des geriatrischen Assessments ermöglichen soll. Die sozialen Dimensionen „Aktivitäten”, „Kontakte”, „Wohnen” und „Finanzen” werden durch jeweils vier bis zehn Items erfasst und in entsprechenden Scores abgebildet. Das Instrument wurde bei einer Stichprobe von 60 Personen aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung angewandt und anhand von Maßen der Lebenszufriedenheit validiert. Dabei zeigten sich positive Korrelationen zwischen den Dimensionen der sozialen Situation und der Lebenszufriedenheit in den entsprechenden Lebensbereichen. Es werden Grenzwerte vorgeschlagen, unterhalb derer die objektive soziale Situation eine niedrige Lebenszufriedenheit erwarten läßt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003910070062
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