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  • 2000-2004  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple measurement of the absolute internal quantum efficiency of thin organic films (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 7802-7804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this article, we present a simple method for the determination of the absolute internal quantum efficiency of thin organic dye layers. The basic idea is the comparison of the luminescence of the film with the reflection of a white diffusive reflectance standard measured at one angle with a simple spectrofluorometer. The method is compared to the procedure of de Mello [J. C. de Mello, H. F. Wittmann and R. H. Friend, Adv. Mater. 9, 230 (1997)], which uses an integrating sphere. As examples, the quantum yields of films of the two perylene derivatives N,N′-dimethylperylene-3,4:9,10-dicarboximide and 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, are determined. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373458
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controlled n-type doping of a molecular organic semiconductor: Naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) doped with bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4340-4343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a study of controlled n-type doping in molecular organic semiconductors: Naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride is doped by cosublimation with the donor molecule bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene. Electrical parameters are deduced from temperaturedependent measurements of the conductivity and the thermopower for various dopant concentrations. The results are compared to the predictions of a standard model commonly used for crystalline semiconductors. The Fermi level shifts towards the transport level, the conductivity is increased, and the mobility decreases with the doping ratio. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373413
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Very-low-operating-voltage organic light-emitting diodes using a p-doped amorphous hole injection layer (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 410-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate the use of a p-doped amorphous starburst amine, 4, 4′, 4″-tris(N, N-diphenyl- amino)triphenylamine (TDATA), doped with a very strong acceptor, tetrafluoro- tetracyano-quinodimethane by controlled coevaporation as an excellent hole injection material for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Multilayered OLEDs consisting of double hole transport layers of p-doped TDATA and triphenyl-diamine, and an emitting layer of pure 8-tris-hydroxyquinoline aluminum exhibit a very low operating voltage (3.4 V) for obtaining 100 cd/m2 even for a comparatively large (110 nm) total hole transport layer thickness. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1343849
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Individual and Common Antigen-Recognition Sites of Liver-Derived T Cells in Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 57 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by dense T-cell infiltrations in the liver tissue, but little is known how T cells influence the pathogenesis. To address this question, the distribution of T-cell receptor variable β-chain (TCR Vβ) transcripts of peripheral blood and liver-infiltrating T cells from previously untreated patients with newly diagnosed acute exacerbated AIH was investigated. Furthermore, the lengths and sequences of complementary-determining region 3 (CDR3) were studied. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and CDR3 spectratyping revealed multiple clonal expansions of liver-infiltrating T cells but not peripheral T cells within various TCR Vβ families. Further analysis of overexpressed TCR Vβ transcripts using TCR β-chain-joining element (TCR Jβ)-specific primers in a nested PCR showed characteristic Vβ/Jβ combinations. Subsequent sequencing of CDR3 regions from PCR products confirmed the clonality of T-cell expansions and the usage of common and individual CDR3 motifs. In conclusion, the clonality of expanded T cells within the liver tissue during early clinical manifestation of untreated AIH indicated that autoantigen-specific T cells accumulate at the inflammation site. Individual and common CDR3 motifs argued for predominant epitopes that were recognized by liver-infiltrating T cells in AIH patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01236.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Teaching model for intraoperative spinal sonography in spinal fractures (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 120 (2000), S. 183-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To improve the technique of intraoperative sonography of the spinal canal, a teaching model of the thoracolumbar spine was developed. It allows to simulate the typical spinal stenosis of a vertebral fracture and the sonographic procedure to detect and measure such a lesion. Moreover, partial laminectomy and modification of a fixateur interne set-up, which are preconditions for successful sonography, can be simulated. Independent of the surgical qualification, a high precision in sonographic localisation and measurement of the spinal canal stenosis was achieved by the training. The results could be validated in the cadaveric model. Thus, sonographic expertise acquired with the teaching model proved to be reliable in the clinical situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004020050040
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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