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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent performance of Japanese electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (invited) : The 8th international conference on ion sources (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 637-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Since the first Japanese electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRISs) constructed, several tens of ECRISs have been used in many Japanese laboratories. Even if we choose the ECRIS which has an operational frequency higher than 6 GHz, 20 ECRISs are used for various purposes. At the end of the 1990s, three 18 GHz ECRISs were successfully operated and produced an intense beam of highly charged ions at JAERI Takasaki, NIRS and RIKEN; i.e., 1 mA of Ar8+ and 300 eμA of Ar11+. Various improvements to increase the beam intensity have been done, concerning the aluminum cylinder, biased electrode method. In the last decade, over 50 kinds of metallic ions have been produced from ECRIS using various methods. In 1998, we started to construct new superconducting ECRIS and to perform new experiments of mass spectrometry using ECRIS. This article will review the ECRIS progress and discuss the mechanism to increase the beam intensity of highly charged ions. We also describe a future plan and its new application in Japan. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150335
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effects of Antioxidants on Browning and on Degradation Products Caused by Dehydroascorbic Acid (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The efficiency of L-cysteine (cysteine) and sodium sulfite as antioxidants was examined in the browning of an aqueous solution of 100 mM dehydroascorbic acid (DHA). The browning was suppressed at 100 mM cysteine and at 40 mM and higher concentrations of sodium sulfite, but it increased in the presence of 10 mM of those agents. These agents did not allow the reduction of DHA to L-ascorbic acid (AA). These results suggest that the suppression or acceleration of browning is likely to be related to some degraded intermediates of DHA. The two colorless intermediates, which during DHA breakdown eventually transform into browning pigments, were discussed with regard to the browning regulation mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb15949.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of plasma chamber surface for production of highly charged ions from ECRIS : Papers from the Ninth International Conference on Ion Sources (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 611-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The effect of the surface of Al2O3 on the beam intensity of highly charged Ar ions is described. To investigate this effect clearly, we directly plated the surface with 20 μm Al2O3 of the Al cylinder (Al2O3 plating method). This cylinder was inserted into the plasma chamber and it covered its inner wall of. We then measured the beam intensity of highly charged Ar ions carefully. By comparing the beam intensity using the Al2O3 plating method and the Al cylinder, it is confirmed that the Al2O3 surface is very effective in increasing the beam intensity of highly charged heavy ions. The best result of 290 eμA of Ar11+ was obtained by using this method. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1427029
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast neutron radiography and trace element analysis: New application of electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (abstract) : Papers from the Ninth International Conference on Ion Sources (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 937-937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have started a new project, in which we have utilized an electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) and a heavy ion linac for trace element analysis. This combination is expected to identify many kinds of trace elements simultaneously with very low background [very low detection limits (sub-pg/g) were attained by this method] without the pretreatment of a sample. This system is also applicable to fast neutron radiography, because it is possible to produce intense fast neutron beams. When we produce 100 μA of a Li beam from the ECRIS and use the nuclear reaction of H(Li,n)B at ∼2 MeV/u for production of neutrons, we can easily produce an intense focused fast neutron beam (∼2 MeV, 1010 particles/s). It has great advantages for neutron radiography. (1) We can minimize the background of the neutrons and gamma rays produced by the neutron-induced reaction, because the neutrons are emitted just at a forward angle. (2) Intense fast neutron beams can be easily produced. This kind of beam is very useful for fast neutron radiography. In this article, we present the experimental results of trace element analysis of several ceramic rods. We also present the basic idea of fast neutron radiography using this system and the planned experiment in detail. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1432467
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intense beam production from RIKEN 18 GHz ECRIS and liquid He free SC-ECRISs : Papers from the Ninth International Conference on Ion Sources (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 513-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Intense beams of heavy ions with medium charge states (1.3 mA of Ar8+, 200 μA of Xe20+) have been produced from a RIKEN 18 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) using various kinds of techniques, e.g., utilization of an aluminum cylinder and a biased disk, and optimization of the plasma electrode position. Furthermore, we have recently constructed two superconducting ECRISs (operational frequencies of 14 and 18 Hz) which have unique characteristics, i.e., they do not need liquid He to obtain the superconductivity of solenoid coils and utilize the G–M refrigerator instead. These sources are suitable to generate intense beams of heavy ions with very high charge states. We obtained 10 μA of Xe30+, 5 μA of Xe33+, and 1.5 μA of Xe36+ at a radio frequency power of 700 W (14 GHz microwave) without using the gas mixing method. Through various experiments, we confirmed that not only the magnetic field strength and microwave power but also the characteristics of the plasma chamber surface play the essential role for the production of highly charged heavy ions. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1429314
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survey of recognition and utilization of guidelines for the diagnosis and management of bronchial asthma in Japan (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: In Japan in 1993, the Japanese Society of Allergology (JSA) developed guidelines for diagnosis and management of asthma (JGL), which were based on the concept that asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway. Methods: This survey study was intended to investigate the recognition and utilization of JGL among physicians who had treated asthma. The survey comprised two methods: a quantitative mail survey and a qualitative door-to-door survey conducted by trained interviewers. Results: In the mail survey, a total of 1028 physicians responded; 552 members of the JSA and 476 nonmembers. Ninety-four percent of JSA members were aware of adult asthma management guidelines, while 53 nonmembers were aware of them. Although approximately half of the physicians, both member and nonmember, found differences between the asthma management policies in JGL and their previous policies, most of them utilized JGL, once they read it. In the qualitative door-to-door survey, 80–90% of physicians evaluated JGL as good after they read it. Conclusions: JGL was recognized and utilized by most JSA members, but only half of nonmember physicians were aware of JGL, although they utilized JGL after they read it. Further action to implement JGL among nonspecialist physicians is needed to improve management of asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00090.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of human lung fibroblasts on eosinophil degranulation* (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Although eosinophils and fibroblasts are thought to contribute to the mechanisms of chronic asthmatic inflammation, the interaction between eosinophils and fibroblasts has not been thoroughly clarified. We examined eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) release from human eosinophils cultured in the presence of human lung fibroblast HFL-1. Methods: Eosinophils from healthy donors were cultured with or without C5a for 16 h in the presence of human fetal lung fibroblasts which had previously been incubated with or without TNF for 4 h. ECP in supernatants was measured by RIA. Results: ECP release was potentiated only when both eosinophils and fibroblasts were activated by C5a and TNF, respectively, while it was not significantly potentiated when either eosinophils or fibroblasts were activated. Paraformaldehyde fixation of fibroblasts had some suppressive effect on ECP enhancement, and mAb against GM-CSF partly inhibited ECP enhancement. Coculture of eosinophils and fibroblasts with stimulus treatment resulted in the enhancement of both eosinophil adhesion and ECP release. The potentiation of ECP release was partially inhibited by anti-ICAM-1 mAb, anti-CD18 mAb, and anti-CD29 mAb, which caused partial and comparable inhibition of the enhancement of eosinophil adhesion. Conclusions: This study suggests that the activation of fibroblasts may have some role in the potentiation of ECP release from cocultured eosinophils, and that adhesion of eosinophils to fibroblasts may partly be involved in the mechanism of ECP potentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00623.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spaciostructural analyses of mandibular and perioral soft tissue movements during mastication (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We considered that elucidation of the movements of perioral soft tissues during mastication would be useful in evaluating masticatory movements. However, evaluation of movements specific to soft tissues is difficult because movements of the surface of the lower face during mastication include movements of the muscles of facial expression and mandibular movements. The aims of this study were to elucidate the influence of mandibular movements on perioral soft tissue movements during mastication using principal component analysis (PCA) and to abstract the component of movement specific to soft tissues in order to evaluate masticatory movements from the movements of perioral soft tissues. The subjects were 10 healthy persons with complete natural dentition. The experimental food used in this study was sufficiently softened chewing gum. The results of this study showed that the movements of mandibular and perioral soft tissue were closely related in the first and third PCs; in other words, the second PC was the component of movement specific to soft tissues. Thus, elucidation of the second PC is useful for evaluation of masticatory movements from movements of perioral soft tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2001.00751.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comedo-like acantholytic dyskeratosis of the face and scalp: a new entity? (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 142 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03496.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant mixed epithelial and stromal tumours of the kidney: a report of the first two cases with a fatal clinical outcome (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 44 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2004.01782.x
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