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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary Diversion for Incontinence in Women (2000)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 11 (2000), S. 180-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Key words: Conduit – Continent – Diversion – Urinary incontinence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Urinary incontinence is a common condition affecting up to 50% of the female population, but only a third seek medical help. Although the majority of these are satisfactorily managed with conservative or conventional surgical treatment, 10%–15% continue to remain incontinent despite intervention. Urinary diversion is a management option for this group. The different techniques of urinary diversion, their results, complications and long-term sequelae are discussed, with a review of the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001920070046
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser cooling and trapping of Yb from a thermal source (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 29 (2004), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have successfully loaded a magneto-optic trap for Yb atoms from a thermal source without the use of a Zeeman slower. The source is placed close to the trapping region so that it provides a large flux of atoms that can be cooled and captured. The atoms are cooled on the ${^1{\rm S}_0} \leftrightarrow {^1{\rm P}_1}$ transition at 398.9 nm. We have loaded all seven stable isotopes of Yb into the trap including the rarest isotope, 168Yb. For the most abundant isotope (174Yb), we load more than 108 atoms into the trap within 1 s. We have characterized the source by studying the loading rate and the loss rate for different isotopes and at different trapping powers. We extract values for the loss rate due to collisions and due to branching into low-lying metastable levels. At the highest trap densities, we find evidence of additional loss due to intra-trap collisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2004-00041-3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precise measurement of hyperfine structure in the state of Rb (2003)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 23 (2003), S. 185-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 32.10.Fn Fine and hyperfine structure – 42.55.Px Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes – 42.62.Fi Laser spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We demonstrate a technique to measure hyperfine structure using a frequency-stabilized diode laser and an acousto-optic modulator locked to the frequency difference between two hyperfine peaks. We use this technique to measure hyperfine intervals in the 5 P 3/2 state of 85Rb and obtain a precision of 20 kHz. We extract values for the magnetic-dipole coupling constant A = 25.038(5) MHz and the electric-quadrupole coupling constant B = 26.011(22) MHz. These values are a significant improvement over previous results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2003-00069-9
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doppler-free spectroscopy in driven three-level systems (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 28 (2004), S. 317-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We demonstrate two techniques for studying the features of three-level systems driven by two lasers (called control and probe), when the transitions are Doppler broadened as in room-temperature vapor. For $\Lambda$ -type systems, the probe laser is split to produce a counter-propagating pump beam that saturates the transition for the zero-velocity atoms. Probe transmission then shows Doppler-free peaks which can even have sub-natural linewidth. For V-type systems, the transmission of the control beam is detected as the probe laser is scanned. The signal shows Doppler-free peaks when the probe laser is resonant with transitions for the zero-velocity group. Both techniques greatly simplify the study of three-level systems since theoretical predictions can be directly compared without complications from Doppler broadening and the presence of multiple hyperfine levels in the spectrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2003-00319-x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Testing atomic structure theories with high accuracy mass measurements on highly charged ions (2000)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 127 (2000), S. 271-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Keywords: atomic structure ; mass measurements ; Penning trap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mass of a highly charged ion is the sum of the mass of the nucleus, the mass of the electrons and the electronic binding energies. High accuracy mass measurements on highly charged ions in a sequence of different charge states yield informations on atomic binding energies, i.e., the ionisation potentials. In our contribution we discuss the possibility of determining atomic binding energies of highly charged ions to better than 20 eV via cyclotron frequency measurements in a Penning trap. At this level of accuracy different contributions to the binding energies, like relativistic corrections, Breit corrections and QED corrections, can be measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012664205870
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detergent Powder: Investigation for Feasible Retrospective Dosimetry Using ESR Technique (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 245 (2000), S. 521-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract An Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) study of radiation induced free radicals in the commonly used detergent powder (Surf), was conducted to examine its potential application for retrospective/high level dosimetry, including possible dating of the accidents. The radical ions present in the irradiated detergent powder were identified as arising predominantly from sodium tri poly phosphate (Na3P5O10) and sodium sulphate (Na2SO4). The physical mixture of sodium tri poly phosphate and sodium sulphate in 4:1 ratio was found to give an ESR response, similar to that of the detergent powder. These results suggest that the detergent powder can be used as a dosimeter in the 20 Gy to 18 kGy dose range, spanning over 3 orders of magnitude. The second derivative ESR spectra of the detergent powder irradiated to different doses showed that the relative yield of the radicals is independent of irradiation dose. The decay pattern of radicals when followed as a function of post irradiation days, lead to the idea about the contrasting decay characteristics of the radicals. From the ESR signals of the irradiated detergent samples, it is shown that radiation dose can be evaluated and the radiation incident can be dated with an accuracy of ±10%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006796807801
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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