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  • 1
    ISSN: 1436-2023
    Keywords: recurrent arteries ; extraosseous vascularity ; three-dimensional analysis of arteriographs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There have been a few studies of the arterial anatomy of the human carpus and several studies have been made of the arterial arches and recurrent arteries in the carpal region. However, further investigation is required. We describe here the results of a study of the vascular anatomy of arterioles, 60 μm in minimum diameter, among the extraosseous vessels in 183 human hands. The study was performed by investigating stereoscopic arteriographs. Six arterial arches and six recurrent arteries were investigated. We compared the frequencies of carpal feeding arteries of Japanese with those of Americans (the Americans being of white, oriental, and black origin), and studied the differences from an anatomical standpoint. It has been reported that in Americans, there are only two recurrent arteries on the palmar side, in the ulnar and radial positions, and that the frequencies cannot be compared with those found in other studies, because of differences in methodology. However, we believe that, irrespective of the differences in methodology in the studies reviewed and in our study, it can be assumed that Japanese have a higher frequency of recurrent arteries than Americans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 15 (1993), S. 187-192 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Artery ; Foot ; Three-dimensional arteriograms ; Great toe ; Second toe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'artériographie en trois dimensions a été utilisée pour analyser la vascularisation artérielle de l'hallux et du deuxième orteil de cent pieds de cadavres jusqu'au niveau microchirurgical. Ces renseignements aideront au succès des transferts de tissus composites de ces orteils vers la main. La vascularisation artérielle de l'hallux vient principalement de la première artère métatarsienne dorsale (78 %) et de la première artère métatarsienne plantaire (22 %) et secondairement des artères tarsiennes médiales et des trois branches terminales de l'artère plantaire médiale. Pour le deuxième orteil, la première artère métatarsienne dorsale (78 %) et la première artère métatarsienne plantaire (22 %) vascularisent le versant médial, la deuxième artère métatarsienne dorsale (78 %) et la deuxième artère métatarsienne plantaire (22 %) vascularisent le versant latéral. Sept dispositions artérielles ont été trouvées dans la commissure interdigitale. Une disposition dénommée “commune” a été vue dans la premiere commissure sur 65 % des pieds examinés, dans la deuxième commissure dans 85 % des cas. Le premier espace intermétatarsien contient parfois une volumineuse artère, naissant directement de l'artère dorsale du pied ou de la première artère perforante proximale, mais aussi des premières artères métatarsiennes dorsale ou plantaire. Dans cet espace, les dispositions artérielles sont classées en 4 types et 9 sous-types, basés sur l'origine et le trajet proximal de ces artères. La disposition standard a été trouvée seulement sur 19 % des pieds, alors qu'une disposition comprenant un tronc proximal commun situé sur le versant plantaire, fournissant les premières artères métatarsiennes dorsale et plantaire, a été trouvée plus fréquemment (46 %). Dans le deuxième espace intermétatarsien, la deuxième artère métatarsienne dorsale était habituellement située sur le versant dorsal.
    Notes: Summary Three-dimensional arteriography was used to analyse the arterial supply of the great and second toes of 100 cadaveric feet down to the microsurgical level. This information will aid in successful composite tissue transfers of these toes to the hand. The arterial blood supply of the great toe came principally from the first dorsal metatarsal a. (78%) and the first plantar metatarsal a. (22%), and secondarily from the medial tarsal aa. and the three terminal branches of the medial plantar a. For the second toe, the first dorsal metatarsal a. (78%) and the first plantar metatarsal a. (22%) supplied blood from the medial side, and the second dorsal metatarsal a. (78%) and the second plantar metatarsal a. (22%) supplied blood from the lateral side. Seven arterial patterns were found in the interdigital web space. The socalled general pattern was seen in the first web space in 65% of the feet examined. In the second web space it was found in 85%. The first intermetatarsal space sometimes contained a large artery arising directly from the dorsalis pedis or first proximal perforating a. as well as the first dorsal and first plantar metatarsal arteries. In this space, arterial patterns were classified into 4 types and 9 subtypes based on the origins and proximal courses of these arteries. The so-called standard pattern was found in only 19% of the feet, while an arterial pattern with a common proximal trunk on the plantar side for the first dorsal and first plantar metatarsal aa. was found most frequently (46%). In the second intermetatarsal space the second dorsal metatarsal a. was usually located on the dorsum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Bombyx mori Flipflopping descending interneurons ; Sex pheromone Brain ; Lateral accessory lobe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 1. The morphology of descending interneurons (DNs) which have arborizations in the lateral accessory lobe (LAL) of the protocerebrum, the higher order olfactory center, and have an axon in the ventral nerve cord (VNC), were characterized in the male silkworm moth, Bombyx mori. 2. Two clusters (group I, group II) of DNs which have arborizations mainly in the LALs were morphologically characterized. The axons of these DNs are restricted to the dorsal part of the each connective (Figs. 1–5). 3. Pheromonal responses of the group I and group II DNs were characterized. Flipflopping activity patterns, which have two distinct firing frequencies (high and low) in response to sequential pheromonal stimulation, were usually recorded (Figs.6–10). 4. Two types of flipflopping activity patterns were classified into those that had an antiphasic relationship (called the ‘FF’ type) between the left and right connectives and those with a synchronized relationship (‘ff’ type) (Figs. 8–12). We propose that some group II DNs show ‘FF’ flipflopping activity patterns (Fig. 10). 5. A state transition was usually elicited by less than 10 ng bombykol, the principal pheromone component. Extra impulses were elicited during constant light stimulation (Fig. 9). 6. Our results suggest that the LAL olfactory pathways might be important for producing flipflopping activity patterns (Fig. 11).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 16 (1985), S. 113-117 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histamine release from isolated rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80 (0.5 μg/ml) or antigen-antibody reaction was inhibited by lysophosphatidylcholine in a dose-dependent fashion at concentrations up to 4 μM. Within the same range of concentration, lysophosphatidylcholine exhibited a membrane-stabilizing action on the model membrane systems decreasing the permeability of lipid bilayer and the fluidity of liposomal membrane in the liquid crystalline state. At concentrations higher than 8 μM, lysophosphatidylcholine damaged the cell membrane and subsequently histamine was released. It was assumed that lysophosphatidylcholine may act as an endogenous membrane stabilizer inhibiting histamine release in normal mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Human T-lymphotropic virustype I ; HTLV-I-associated myelopathy ; Tropical spastic paraparesis ; Gammaglobulin ; Therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fourteen patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin (IVGG). Ten received 10 g/day of IVGG and 4 received 400 mg/kg of body-weight/day of IVGG for 5 consecutive days. Improvement of spastic paraparesis was observed in 10 within 7 days of the commencement of IVGG. The therapeutic effects were sustained for more than 3 weeks in some patients. There were no side effects. Analysis of factors of relevance to the clinical improvement with IVGG showed that the beneficial response was preferentially found in patients having a high CSF titre of anti-HTLV-I antibodies, a high CSF IgG level and a marked brain MRI abnormality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Urethane monomer/diluent monomer mixtures were used in dental composite resin veneering materials filled with various ratios of powder (filler)/liquid (comonomer), P/L. Hardness values of unfilled resins containing benzoyl peroxide only (BP0; 0.5 wt%), and filled resins (included trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPT) composite filler) were tested. Significant increases in hardness were obtained with the use of TMPT composite filler in the resins. Also, their modulus values measured by bend test showed an increasing trend, compared to a commercial composite resin veneering material (a control sample; CONT) with a lower filler content (50 wt%). The DME–DPMDC/HPDM comonomer (dimethacryloxyethyl diphenylmethane-4,4′-dicarbamate/hydroxypropyl dimethacrylate), which showed a smaller fraction of surface porosity, gave greater mechanical strength values at P/L ratios of 0.55 (17.8 wt% filler content) to 1.20 (27.3 wt%) than a CONT resin. The coefficient of thermal expansion was smaller in urethane-based filling materials than a CONT resin. Also, greater activation energy of thermal decomposition was observed in the resin samples with P/L ratio 0.75 to 1.20 than in a CONT resin. Thermally-induced decomposition occurred with smaller weight loss in the experimental filled resins than in a CONT resin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: In finite element stress analysis, the principal interfacial stress at a tensile bond strength of 10 MPa during tensile loading was estimated for the resin composite/dentine material including the bonding area with elastic moduli of 0.03, 0.3, 3.0 and 12.0 GPa assumed in this study. Interfacial stress along the resin composite/bonding area interface or bonding area/dentine interface increased with increasing elastic modulus. The interfacial stress distributed non-uniformly and locally at the most sensitive sites, that is, the edge of the resin composite/bonding area interface with the lowest elastic modulus (0.03 GPa) and the edge of bonding area/dentine interfaces with other elastic modulus values (0.3, 3.0 and 12.0 GPa). The maximum value of interfacial stress increased linearly with increasing elastic modulus of bonding area from 0.03 to 12.0 GPa. This study showed that the distribution of interfacial stress was highly non-uniform along the interfaces of the bonded areas in dentinal adhesives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 29-31 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The magnitudes of colour change vector and lightness were examined for 20CaO/10P2O5/10MgO/10Al2O3/50SiO2 glass ceramics (B2O3/CaF2=0.01 wt % 0.01 wt %, mass fraction). The glass ceramics were thermally treated (cerammed) for crystallization at each selected temperature (800 to 980°C for each ceramming period) within a steel ring including the investment mould. Cristobalite-quartz investment mould exhibited no adhesive mould interfaces, showing that the magnitudes of colour change vector and lightness ranged from 17.60 (890°C) to 37.05 (980°C) and 55.77 (890°C) to 71.42 (980°C) for glass ceramics, respectively, after thermal treatment for 2 h (sample thickness 2 mm). The thermal treatment controlled the colour property measured by colour analyser as compared the cerammed samples with bovine enamel and human tooth enamel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 12 (1993), S. 1908-1910 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 13 (1994), S. 883-884 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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