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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell size and chloroplast size in relation to chloroplast replication in light-grown wheat leaves (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 165 (1985), S. 120-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell size ; Chloroplast replication ; Mesophyll (development) ; Polyploidy ; Triticum (chloroplast replication)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract As part of an investigation into the control of chloroplast replication the number and size of chloroplasts in mesophyll cells was examined in relation to the size of the cells. In first leaves of Triticum aestivum L. and T. monococcum L. the number of chloroplasts in fully expanded mesophyll cells is positively correlated with the plan area of the cells. The linear relationship between chloroplast number per cell and cell plan area is also consistent over a fivefold range of cell size in isogenic diploid and tetraploid T. monococcum. In T. aestivum the chloroplast number per unit cell plan area varies among cells in relation to the size of the chloroplasts. Those cells containing chloroplasts with a relatively small face area have a correspondingly higher density of chloroplasts, and consequently, the total chloroplast area per unit cell plan area is very similar in all the cells. The results indicate that the proportion of the cell surface area covered by chloroplasts is precisely regulated, and that this is achieved during cell development by growth and replication of the chloroplasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392220
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The gene mutated in thiamine-responsive anaemia with diabetes and deafness (TRMA) encodes a functional thiamine transporter (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 22 (1999), S. 305-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia with diabetes and deafness (TRMA; MIM 249270) is an autosomal recessive disease thought to be due to a defect in thiamine (vitamin B1) transport. Pharmacological doses of thiamine correct the anaemia, and in some cases improve the diabetes, although ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/10379
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atmospheric gas concentrations over the past century measured in air from firn at the South Pole (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 383 (1996), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The extraction and analysis of air from the snowpack (firn) at the South Pole provides atmospheric concentration histories of biogenic greenhouse gases since the beginning of the present century which confirm and expand on those derived from studies of air trapped in ice cores. Furthermore, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383231a0
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Refined mapping of the gene for thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome and evidence for genetic homogeneity (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 103 (1998), S. 455-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA, also known as Rogers syndrome, OMIM 249270) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a triad of megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and sensorineural deafness. Patients respond, to varying degrees, to treatment with megadoses of thiamine. We have recently shown genetic linkage of the TRMA gene to a 16-centimorgan (cM) region on 1q23.2–1q23.3 based on the analysis of four large, inbred families of Alaskan, Italian, and Israeli-Arab origin. Here we narrow the TRMA interval down to 4 cM based on genetic recombination, homozygosity mapping, and linkage disequilibrium (highest LOD score of 12.5 at D1S2799, at a recombination fraction of 0). We provide further evidence that the TRMA gene is located in this region and confirm the homogeneity of the disease. In this analysis, we genotyped seven additional families of diverse ethnic origin (Pakistani, Indian, Italian, Brazilian, and Japanese), and analyzed additional markers in two previously reported families showing evidence of linkage disequilibrium in a large area of their haplotypes. The multi-system manifestations of TRMA suggest that thiamine has a pivotal role in a multiplicity of physiological processes. Mapping the TRMA gene and understanding the molecular basis of the disease might, thus, shed light on the role of thiamine in common disorders such as deafness, anemia, and diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050850
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visualization of the hinge flow in a 5:1 scaled model of the medtronic parallel bileaflet heart valve prosthesis (1998)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 25 (1998), S. 512-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  In this work, a flow visualization experiment was performed to elucidate features of the retrograde hinge flow through a 5 : 1 scaled model of the Medtronic Parallel bileaflet heart valve. It was hypothesized that this model would provide detailed flow information facilitating identification of flow structures associated with thrombus formation in this valve. The experimental protocol was designed to ensure fluid dynamic similarity between the model and prototype heart valves. Flow was visualized using dye injection. The detailed flow structures observed showed the hinge’s inflow channel was the most suspect region for thrombus formation. Here a complex helical structure was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050257
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water quality problems of urban areas (1985)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 11 (1985), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract The increases in population and building density that occur as predominantly rural catchment areas become progressively urbanised can have a far-reaching effect on the hydrological cycle, and therefore on both the quantity and quality of water resources. The success of management strategies intended to alleviate the flooding problems and to prevent the degradation of water quality within and downstream of the urban area depends upon a thorough understanding of the sources of urban runoff pollution and the mechanisms by which pollutants are transported to watercourses. Particular care is necessary to ensure that any measures taken to mitigate the adverse effects of either flooding or pollution do not conflict with others in the same overall stormwater management plan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186340
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cyclopiazonic acid and aflatoxin singly and in combination on selected clinical, pathological and immunological responses of guinea pigs (1989)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 105 (1989), S. 135-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and aflatoxin are known sometimes to coexist in nature but little is known of possible biological interaction in mammals that consume mixtures of these two mycotoxins. Guinea pigs were dosed orally with CPA (2.2 mg/kg) or aflatoxin (0.045 mg B1/kg) singly or in combination. Effects of toxin consumption were determined on clinical health, body weight gain, pathological change, and several immunologically related parameters including delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity, antibody response, complement hemolytic titer, intracutaneous mitogen (PHA) and in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis. In contrast to an earlier study by others, significant synergy between these two toxins was demonstrated in reduced rate of body weight gain, lethality and histologic changes (vacuolization) in hepatocytes. Reductions in complement titer, intradermal PHA, delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity response and in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis were related to aflatoxin activity. No effects on antibody formation to Brucella abortus were observed with either toxin or the combination of toxins. Cyclopiazonic acid appeared to restore the suppressive effects of aflatoxin in delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity response and in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437245
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An application of expert systems techniques to the on-line control and fault diagnosis of a mixing process (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 1 (1988), S. 209-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: On-line expert control systems ; fault detection and diagnosis ; hierarchical control ; rule based control systems ; deep knowledge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An application of expert hierarchical control is described in this paper. The control is implemented in a two-level configuration, where the lower layer performs direct regulation control and the upper layer performs supervisory functions. In the regulation layer, a rule-based controller performs the regulation task, where the controller is constructed upon causal relations between subsystems. The control action is inferred from the measurement of both controlled and noncontrolled variables. In the supervisory layer, the main function is a fault diagnosis system which diagnoses faults on-line. The diagnosis is based upon reasoning from the structure of the system and the functions of its components, and efficient diagnosis is achieved by dividing the system into several subsystems. The overall technique has been successfully implemented on a pilot scale mixing process under on-line computer control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238766
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro cultured cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) responses to dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid and monosodium methanearsonate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of plant growth regulation 14 (1995), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA) is an effective herbicide used for the control of Xanthium strumarium (cocklebur), a serious weed problem in cotton production. Recently, MSMA-resistant cocklebur was reported, which reduced MSMA effectiveness in the cocklebur control strategy. The mode of action of MSMA may involve the reduction of the pentavalent arsenic in MSMA to a trivalent form, which may then form a complex with sulfhydryl-containing enzymes. Dimercaptopro-panesulfonic acid (DMPS) chelates trivalent arsenic, resulting in a nontoxic complex. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of DMPS and MSMA on the growth of in vitro grown cocklebur shoot and callus tissues. Lateral and terminal shoots were grown on basal Murashige and Skoog medium containing 6.25 mg L−1 (0.0428 mm) MSMA alone and with various concentrations of DMPS. Callus was cultured on basal callus medium also containing 6.25 mg L−1 MSMA alone and an equimolar concentration of DMPS. Shoot injury symptoms, dry root weight, and fresh weight of callus were recorded. Susceptible cocklebur shoots showed severe discoloration and death when treated with MSMA. Resistant shoots and cultured shoot tips were not adversely affected. DMPS alone did not inhibit growth of these tissues. Callus induced from susceptible tissue was inhibited by MSMA and DMPS alone. In all combinations of DMPS and MSMA tested, DMPS did not counteract the MSMA response. Thus, the pentavalent form of arsenic in MSMA apparently is not reduced to the trivalent form by the plant and hence is not involved in the mechanism of action
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212640
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nifedipine pharmacological variables as risk factors for gingival overgrowth in organ-transplant patients (1997)
    Springer
    Clinical oral investigations 1 (1997), S. 35-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Gingival hyperplasia ; Nifedipine adverse effects ; Cardiac transplant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The prevalence and severity of gingival overgrowth in organ-transplant patients medicated with cyclosporin are greater in patients concomitantly medicated with nifedipine; however, no relationship between the gingival overgrowth and any of the nifedipine pharmacological variables has been demonstrated. The study examined the effect of five nifedipine pharmacological variables (nifedipine dosage, plasma concentration and gingival crevicular fluid concentration, M1 metabolite plasma concentration and the nifedipine:M1 ratio). The effect of the nifedipine variables on the gingival overgrowth score were examined using univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Adjustment for the effect of other risk factors was made by adding the distribution of each of the nifedipine variables in turn to a stepwise regression model containing previously identified risk factors for this condition. Despite the high levels of nifedipine sequestered in the GCF, only the plasma concentration of nifedipine was identified as a risk factor for the severity of gingival overgrowth in these patients (P = 0.01) once adjusted for other known risk factors (r 2 for the model = 55%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007840050006
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