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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1980-1984  (1)
  • 1920-1924  (7)
  • 1
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    Madrid : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Revista de filología española. 7 (1920) 371-372 
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  • 2
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    Madrid : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Revista de filología española. 7 (1920) 381 
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  • 3
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    Madrid : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Revista de filología española. 7 (1920) 382 
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Bretazenil ; Sleep EEG ; Cortisol ; Growth hormone ; Prolactin ; GABA benzodiazepine receptor ; EEG power spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Preclinical data suggest that the imidazo-diazepinone derivative bretazenil (Ro 16-6028) has anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties with only weak sedative effects. We examined the influence of oral administration of 1 mg bretazenil on the sleep EEG and the concomitant nocturnal secretion of cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin in ten healthy young men. After bretazenil we found a significant increase in stage 2 sleep and a significant reduction in stage 3 sleep. REM latency was prolonged. Spectral analysis of sleep-EEG power revealed a decrease in delta and in theta power and an increase in sigma power. We found no significant influence on sleep onset latency or on intermittent wakefulness. Bretazenil prompted a significant decrease in cortisol secretion and a significant increase in prolactin release. It had no major influence on growth hormone secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 216 (1981), S. 177-190 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) bindet sich, wie das retinotoxische Chloroquin, an melaninhaltige Strukturen im Auge. Mäuse und Katzen wurden mit 30 mg/kg bzw. 2 mg Flunitrazepam/kg behandelt. Diese Menge entspricht etwa der 2000- bzw. 130fachen täglichen Dosis beim Menschen. Nach6- oder 12monatiger Behandlung wurden keine Veränderungen in Retinazellen oder im benachbarten Gewebe beobachtet. Nach der Verabreichung von Chloroquin in der Größenordnung der therapeutischen Dosis für Rheumapatienten wurden jedoch in den Ganglienzellen der Katzen- und der Mausretina optisch dichte Partikel, die vorwiegend aus Membranen aufgebaut sind, beobachtet. Zudem wurde vorwiegend im melaninfreien Teil des Pigmentepithels der Katze eine Zunahme von lysosomalen Strukturen gefunden. In der gleichen Fundusregion (Tapetum lucidum) verursachte die Chloroquin-Behandlung eine Zerstörung der auffälligen Stäbchenstruktur in den Tapetum-Zellen. Das Pigmentepithel mit dem größten Gehalt an Melanin war in der Maus nicht und in der Katze nur geringfügig verändert. Daraus folgern wir, daß der retinotoxische Effekt von Chloroquin nicht durch seine Bindung an Melanin ausgelöst wird. Die Melaninaffinität genügt deshalb nicht, um eine Substanz als potentiell gefährlich für das Sehen zu erklären.
    Notes: Abstract Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol®, Roche, Basel, Switzerland), which is similar to chloroquine, has an affinity to melanin in retinal cells. However, in contrast to chloroquine, it does not induce structural alterations in these cells or in adjacent tissues of pigmented mice and cats even after treatment for 6 and 12 months with respectively, 2000-times (mice) or 130-times (cats) the effective human daily dose. Treatment with chloroquine (with a dose similar to that used in human anti-rheumatic therapy) over the same period, resulted in the appearance of numerous membranous cytoplasmic bodies in the retinal ganglion cells of mice and cats. In addition, in cats, an augmentation of lysosomal structures in the pigment epithelium, chiefly in the melanin-free region, and destruction of the tapetal cells were observed. Moreover, the pigment epithelium with the highest concentration of melanin was unaffected in mice and only slightly affected in cats. It was concluded that the retinotoxic effect of chloroquine is not the result of its affinity to melanincontaining tissues. Consequently, the affinity to melanin-containing cells per se is not sufficient to class a substance as potentially harmful to vision.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 72-75 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Zopiclon ; Zolpidem ; Mißbrauch ; Abhängigkeit ; Absetzsymptomatik ; Key words Zopiclone ; Zolpidem ; Abuse ; Dependence ; Withdrawal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary With the introduction of the non-benzodiazepine hypnotics zopiclone and zolpidem it was expected to have hypnotics without side effects and risks characteristically seen with benzodiazepines. We report two cases with high-dose usage and dependency of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. Both patients were prescribed the drugs to treat sleep disturbances occuring during a depressive episode. While one patient had a polysubstance abuse there was no evidence for an abuse history in the other patient. To reduce withdrawal symptoms long-acting benzodiazepines were given to both patients. Thus, it seems that not only patients with a history of substance abuse but also patients with a psychiatric disorder are at risk for abuse of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. Considering the increasing number of case reports with abuse and dependence of zopiclone and zolpidem it seems necessary to reevaluate the dependency risk of the currently available non-benzodiazepine hypnotics.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der Einführung der „Non-Benzodiazepinhypnotika” Zolpidem und Zopiclon war die Hoffnung verbunden, Hypnotika ohne benzodiazepintypische Nebenwirkungen und Gefahren zur Verfügung zu haben. Wir stellen 2 Kasuistiken mit hochdosierter Einnahme von und Abhängigkeitsentwicklung unter „Non-Benzodiazepinhypnotika” vor. Bei beiden Patienten begann die Substanzeinnahme aufgrund von Schlafstörungen i.R. eines depressiven Syndroms. Während bei dem einen Patient eine Polytoxikomanie bestand, fanden sich bei dem anderen keine Hinweise für einen Mißbrauch anderer psychoaktiver Substanzen oder einen Mißbrauch in der Vorgeschichte. Zur Abmilderung der Absetzsymtomatik erfolgte eine Umstellung auf langwirksame Benzodiazepine und eine stufenweise Reduktion derselben. Neben Patienten mit Mißbrauch oder Abhängigkeit in der Vorgeschichte scheinen auch Patienten mit depressiven Störungen gefährdet zu sein, Zopiclon oder Zolpidem mißbräuchlich einzunehmen. Das potentielle Abhängigkeitsrisiko der „Non-Benzodiazepinhypnotika” muß daher auch in der klinischen Praxis beachtet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 53 (1920), S. 666-680 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 53 (1920), S. 1766-1772 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 55 (1922), S. 1968-1979 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 54 (1921), S. 1381-1393 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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