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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1970-1977 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A toroidal electrostatic analyzer with a two-dimensional position-sensitive electron detector has been developed for the measurement of differential excitation cross sections in electron-ion collisions. The electron position is resolved simultaneously in the energy and angular dispersive directions of the analyzer. The present electron analyzer is specially designed with a narrow curved entrance slit and a wide exit slit coupled with an exit lens system after the toroidal deflector, which can give a wide energy dispersed range of 20% of the mean pass energy and a large angular range extending from 30° to 120°. The performance of the spectrometer has been studied by measuring the scattered electrons from Ar atoms and from a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface, indicating the usefulness of the present analyzer in electron spectroscopy. A brief description of the method for a spectrum transformation from Cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates is also presented. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 141 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 74 (1952), S. 4469-4469 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 5270-5276 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structural and electronic transport properties of polycrystalline p-type CoSb3 with different grain sizes (about 3 and 3×102 μm) were investigated. The magnetic susceptibility was also measured. Samples were characterized by x-ray diffractometry, electron-probe microanalysis, and optical microscope observation. Samples were found to be stoichiometric and homogeneous. The Hall carrier concentration of the samples is of the order of 1018 cm−3 and weakly dependent on the temperature. The temperature dependence of the Hall mobility suggests that the predominant scattering mechanism drastically changes depending on grain size: for large grain size a combination of the neutral impurity scattering and the acoustic phonon scattering, and for small grain size the ionized impurity scattering. The magnetic susceptibility was found to be essentially diamagnetic independently of grain size, and to vary slightly with temperature. The weak temperature dependence of the susceptibility can be explained by taking into account the three contributions of ion cores, conduction electrons, and trace amounts of magnetic impurities. From the analysis of the susceptibility due to conduction electrons, the band gap energy was determined to be about 70–80 meV, consistent with a recent band structure calculation. Although the effects of nonmagnetic impurity phases segregated (Sb, etc.) on the scattering mechanism are not clear, the grain size is one of the key factors determining the transport properties of polycrystalline CoSb3. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In incubated slices of guinea-pig cerebral cortex depolarizing agents such as veratridine and high potassium ions caused 50 to 80-fold increases of adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) levels and these responses were inhibited about 50% by 2, 3-diaminopropionate and 2'-deoxyadenosine: the former is a specific antagonist for glutamate-elicited accumulation of cyclic AMP and the latter selectively for adenosine-elicited accumulation. Methylxanthines were powerful ‘inhibitors’toward the responses not only to depolarizing agents but also to glutamate and adenosine. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that releases of both glutamate and adenosine are involved in the depolarization-elicited increases of cyclic AMP levels.Guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) levels in the slices were also elevated by veratridine as well as by glutamate, but always to a lesser extent (8 ∼ 12 times the control value) than cyclic AMP levels were. The responses for cyclic GMP both to veratridine and glutamate were ‘augmented’by methylxanthines and were not inhibited by 2, 3-diaminopropionate. Thus, glutamate appears to cause the increase of cyclic GMP levels through a different mechanism or site of action from that for cyclic AMP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Recent progress of the Tokyo electron beam ion trap (Tokyo-EBIT) project is described. The Tokyo-EBIT is of an original design and construction with several features different from other EBITs in the world. The maximum energy and current of the electron beam are designed to be 340 keV and 300 mA with a magnetic field of 4.5 T. The ongoing and planned physics experiments are described and the results for the initial stage of operation of the Tokyo-EBIT are given. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 2025-2027 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Carrier confinement performance by multiple quantum barriers (MQB) is demonstrated in 1.55 μm strained GaInAs/AlGaInAs multiple quantum well (MQW) lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The strained MQW lasers with MQB at p-side optical confinement layer show larger characteristic temperature and slope efficiency at high temperature than those without MQB. It is also shown that the MQW lasers with MQB have less spontaneous emission from the optical confinement layer than the lasers without MQB. As another important result, it is demonstrated for the first time that the MQW lasers with MQB have less dependency of the K factor on the temperature than the lasers without MQB. These results further verify the effective carrier confinement performance of GaInAs/AlInAs MQB structure. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: 1.5 μm GaInAs/AlGaInAs multiquantum-well (MQW) lasers with 1% compressively strained quantum wells were grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. The effective differential gain (g0) determined from the squared relaxation oscillation frequency versus output power relations is a high value of 9.3×10−16 cm2 in long-wavelength lasers. On the other hand, the effective transparent carrier density (n0) of strained-layer MQW lasers determined from the measurement of the spontaneous carrier lifetime was found to be very high, which is different from the theory of strain effects. However, by taking the carrier transport effect into account, it was shown that (1) for the strained MQW lasers the intrinsic transparent carrier density is lower than that of the lattice-matched MQW lasers, and (2) the intrinsic value of g0 is estimated to be 28–56×10−16 cm2, which is close to the theoretically predicted value. By improving the laser structure to have better carrier transport, much higher effective differential gain and lower effective transparent carrier density can be expected. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 1157-1163 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High-pressure Raman spectra of liquid and crystalline CH3F were measured up to 12 GPa at 300 K in a gasketed diamond-anvil cell. Two solid phases have been found; the transition pressures of liquid to solid phase I and phase I to phase II were determined to be 2.75 and 3.63 GPa, respectively. Among these, the solid phase I is an orientationally disordered (plastic) phase, while the solid phases II is an orientationally ordered phase. The frequency of CF stretching ν3(A1) vibration shows a large red shift with a slope dν/dP of about −2.6 cm−1/GPa in the liquid phase, and it splits into the TO and LO modes in the two solid phases. The Fermi resonances between the same symmetry vibrations of ν1(A1) and 2ν5(A1), and of ν4(E) and 2ν5(E) have been observed and their behaviors have been analyzed by the Fermi resonance theory. The pressure dependence of the CH stretching mode is compared with those of the other fluorinated methanes CH2F2, CHF2Cl, and CHF3. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 10617-10621 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High-pressure Brillouin scattering measurements have been carried out in orientationally disordered (OD) phases I and I′ of solid HBr, which yielded the first determination of acoustic velocities for all directions, the refractive index, the polarizability, the density, adiabatic elastic constants (C11, C12, and C44), bulk modulus, and the elastic anisotropy as a function of pressure up to 7 GPa and at room temperature. The I→I′ phase transition in solid HBr was confirmed on the discontinuous pressure dependence at P=2.3 GPa for average errors of the least-squares fit by the analysis of in situ Brillouin spectroscopy. These elastic properties of solid HBr are compared with recent results in the OD phase I of solid HCl. We suggest that the form of the potential energy function for intermolecular forces in solid HBr is similar to that in HCl. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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